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Role of iron and TfR1 in the application of high‑dose ascorbate against pancreatic cancer

  • Authors:
    • Alban Piotrowsky
    • Christian Leischner
    • Hendrik Schmieder
    • Katja Detert
    • Kathrin Schneider
    • Johanna Schulte
    • Sabrina Hammerschmidt
    • Luigi Marongiu
    • Olga Renner
    • Markus Burkard
    • Sascha Venturelli
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Nutritional Biochemistry, Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Hohenheim, D‑70599 Stuttgart, Germany, Bavarian Center for Cancer Research (BZKF), D‑86156 Augsburg, Germany, Hochschule Niederrhein, University of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Food and Nutrition Sciences, D‑41065 Moenchengladbach, Germany
    Copyright: © Piotrowsky et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].
  • Article Number: 78
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    Published online on: February 24, 2026
       https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2026.9083
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Abstract

Pancreatic cancer remains one of the deadliest tumor diseases with an urgent need for new therapy options. At the same time, the use of high‑dose vitamin C in cancer treatment has been investigated for decades. Despite promising in vitro and in vivo data and initial clinical studies, there is a need for optimization with regard to an ideal treatment regimen and suitable patient population for the use of high‑dose vitamin C. The aim of the present study was to evaluate for the first time the combination of high‑dose vitamin C with the administration of iron in three human pancreatic cancer cell lines and to determine the exact cell death mechanism. While the investigated cell lines showed a high susceptibility to ascorbate treatment, the combination treatment with FeCl3 generally led to a reduction in the ascorbate effect and in the formation of reactive oxygen species. The ascorbate‑induced cell death showed no signs of apoptosis but clear ferroptotic properties. Furthermore, treatment of the tumor cells with FeCl3 was accompanied by reduced expression of TfR1, preventing an increase in the intracellular labile iron pool. The present study provided valuable information on the mechanism of action of high‑dose vitamin C in pancreatic cancer, whereby a combination treatment with ferric iron in the context of tumor therapy is not recommended based on these data.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Piotrowsky A, Leischner C, Schmieder H, Detert K, Schneider K, Schulte J, Hammerschmidt S, Marongiu L, Renner O, Burkard M, Burkard M, et al: Role of iron and TfR1 in the application of high‑dose ascorbate against pancreatic cancer. Oncol Rep 55: 78, 2026.
APA
Piotrowsky, A., Leischner, C., Schmieder, H., Detert, K., Schneider, K., Schulte, J. ... Venturelli, S. (2026). Role of iron and TfR1 in the application of high‑dose ascorbate against pancreatic cancer. Oncology Reports, 55, 78. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2026.9083
MLA
Piotrowsky, A., Leischner, C., Schmieder, H., Detert, K., Schneider, K., Schulte, J., Hammerschmidt, S., Marongiu, L., Renner, O., Burkard, M., Venturelli, S."Role of iron and TfR1 in the application of high‑dose ascorbate against pancreatic cancer". Oncology Reports 55.4 (2026): 78.
Chicago
Piotrowsky, A., Leischner, C., Schmieder, H., Detert, K., Schneider, K., Schulte, J., Hammerschmidt, S., Marongiu, L., Renner, O., Burkard, M., Venturelli, S."Role of iron and TfR1 in the application of high‑dose ascorbate against pancreatic cancer". Oncology Reports 55, no. 4 (2026): 78. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2026.9083
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Piotrowsky A, Leischner C, Schmieder H, Detert K, Schneider K, Schulte J, Hammerschmidt S, Marongiu L, Renner O, Burkard M, Burkard M, et al: Role of iron and TfR1 in the application of high‑dose ascorbate against pancreatic cancer. Oncol Rep 55: 78, 2026.
APA
Piotrowsky, A., Leischner, C., Schmieder, H., Detert, K., Schneider, K., Schulte, J. ... Venturelli, S. (2026). Role of iron and TfR1 in the application of high‑dose ascorbate against pancreatic cancer. Oncology Reports, 55, 78. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2026.9083
MLA
Piotrowsky, A., Leischner, C., Schmieder, H., Detert, K., Schneider, K., Schulte, J., Hammerschmidt, S., Marongiu, L., Renner, O., Burkard, M., Venturelli, S."Role of iron and TfR1 in the application of high‑dose ascorbate against pancreatic cancer". Oncology Reports 55.4 (2026): 78.
Chicago
Piotrowsky, A., Leischner, C., Schmieder, H., Detert, K., Schneider, K., Schulte, J., Hammerschmidt, S., Marongiu, L., Renner, O., Burkard, M., Venturelli, S."Role of iron and TfR1 in the application of high‑dose ascorbate against pancreatic cancer". Oncology Reports 55, no. 4 (2026): 78. https://doi.org/10.3892/or.2026.9083
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