Correlation between body mass index and apnea‑hypopnea index, and the Epworth sleepiness scale: An epidemiological study on sleep
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- Published online on: January 10, 2024 https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2024.223
- Article Number: 8
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Copyright : © Wahbi Abdalhakim et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].
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Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder leading to the disruption of breathing and sleeping. Body mass index (BMI) and the apnea‑hypopnea index (AHI) are frequent measures used to evaluate the severity of OSA. The present study investigated the correlation between body mass and apnea‑hypopnea indices using the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). The present study included 150 participants who had undergone a sleep assessment. The collected data included age, BMI, ESS scores and AHI. The ESS ranged from 0 to 24, with a score >10 indicating abnormal levels of daytime sleepiness. A BMI >25 kg/m2 was regarded as overweight. The sex distribution was equal and the age ranged from 18 to 79 years in males, and 31 to 82 years in females. A statistical variation was observed between the age (P=0.001) and BMI (P<0.001) of males and females, whereas the ESS was found to be comparable in both groups. No association was found between ESS and AHI in females (P=0.834); however, a correlation was found in males (P=0.001). When the information of both sexes was assessed collectively (P=0.003), a significant association was discovered between BMI and AHI in both sexes and also in the combined data of both sexes (P=0.016). The data of the present study demonstrated that there was a significant correlation between BMI and AHI, indicating that the severity of sleep apnea worsens with higher BMI levels.
