Enchondroma of the proximal phalanx of the foot: A case report and mini‑review of the literature

Ghafour,Abdullah K.; Abdullah,Ari M.; Rashid,Rezheen J.; Mohammed,Ayoob Asaad; Ali,Rawa M.; Abdullah,Hiwa O.; Hamasaeed,Mohammed Gh.; Sofi,Hawar A.; Karim,Sanaa O.; Kakamad,Fahmi H.

doi:10.3892/wasj.2025.393

November-December 2025 Volume 7 Issue 6

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November-December 2025 Volume 7 Issue 6

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Case Report Open Access

Enchondroma of the proximal phalanx of the foot: A case report and mini‑review of the literature

Authors:
- Abdullah K. Ghafour
- Ari M. Abdullah
- Rezheen J. Rashid
- Ayoob Asaad Mohammed
- Rawa M. Ali
- Hiwa O. Abdullah
- Mohammed Gh. Hamasaeed
- Hawar A. Sofi
- Sanaa O. Karim
- Fahmi H. Kakamad
View Affiliations / Copyright

Affiliations: Department Scientific Affairs, Smart Health Tower, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq, Department of Radiology, Hiwa Cancer Hospital, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq, College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah 46001, Iraq

Copyright: © Ghafour et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].
Article Number: 105
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Published online on: September 17, 2025

https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2025.393
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Abstract

An enchondroma is a benign cartilaginous tumor of the bone. The present study describes a case of a symptomatic enchondroma in the proximal phalanx of the left second toe. A 20‑year‑old male patient presented with a painless, progressively enlarging mass on the left second toe, which had resulted in gradual deformity over the past 6 months. Over the past 2 weeks, the lump has caused him pain while wearing shoes, hindering his daily activities. An X‑ray revealed a radiolucent, eccentric lesion with loss of the medial bone cortex. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an expansile osteolytic lesion breaching three cortices with no soft tissue involvement, consistent with an enchondroma. The surgical removal of the lesion and autologous iliac bone grafting were performed, and the histopathological analysis of the tumor revealed hypercellular sheets of chondrocytes encased by mature bone trabeculae without cortical destruction, pre‑existing lamellar bone entrapment, or soft tissue invasion. Following a 6‑month follow‑up period, the patient was in a good condition, without any recurrence or complications. In addition, the present study performed a review of 19 cases of enchondroma in different foot locations. The management of these cases included excision with bone grafting, curettage with or without grafting, total phalangectomy and amputation. There were no cases of recurrence. On the whole, in symptomatic patients with enchondroma, the surgical removal of the lesion and autologous iliac bone grafting may result in a good outcome.

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Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Oncology

Molecular Medicine Reports

Oncology Reports

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Oncology Letters

Biomedical Reports

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

World Academy of Sciences Journal

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Epigenetics

Medicine International

Enchondroma of the proximal phalanx of the foot: A case report and mini‑review of the literature

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