Neutrophil‑to‑lymphocyte ratio as a predictive marker for portal vein thrombosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Nguyen,Thi Tuyet Mai; Pham,Cam Phuong; Vu,Minh Phuong

doi:10.3892/wasj.2026.459

May-June 2026 Volume 8 Issue 3

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May-June 2026 Volume 8 Issue 3

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Article Open Access

Neutrophil‑to‑lymphocyte ratio as a predictive marker for portal vein thrombosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

Authors:
- Thi Tuyet Mai Nguyen
- Cam Phuong Pham
- Minh Phuong Vu
View Affiliations / Copyright

Affiliations: Department of Hematology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 11521, Vietnam, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi 11521, Vietnam

Copyright: © Nguyen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY 4.0].
Article Number: 44
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Published online on: April 1, 2026

https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2026.459
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Abstract

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a prevalent complication and a poor prognostic factor in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The present study aimed to evaluate the predictive value of the neutrophil‑to‑lymphocyte ratio (NLR) for PVT in patients diagnosed with HCC. From February, 2024 to May, 2025, a cross‑sectional study was conducted on 197 patients with HCC. The study population was segregated into two groups as follows: One with PVT (30%) and one without PVT (70%). The NLR was determined using peripheral blood cells at the time of diagnosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to determine the optimal NLR cut‑off for predicting PVT. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to assess the independent association between NLR and PVT, adjusting for tumor size and α‑fetoprotein (AFP). The optimal NLR cut‑off found was 2.817, which yielded an area under the ROC curve (AUC) of 0.695, a sensitivity of 68.4% and a specificity of 66.4%. In multivariate analysis, an elevated NLR ≥2.817 was independently associated with an increased risk of PVT [odds ratio (OR), 4.31; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.98‑9.42; P<0.001] after adjusting for tumor size and AFP. Therefore, NLR is a significant independent predictor of PVT in patients with HCC.

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Oncology

Molecular Medicine Reports

Oncology Reports

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Oncology Letters

Biomedical Reports

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

World Academy of Sciences Journal

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Epigenetics

Medicine International

Neutrophil‑to‑lymphocyte ratio as a predictive marker for portal vein thrombosis in hepatocellular carcinoma

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Abstract

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