Morphological and molecular comparisons between tibialis anterior muscle and levator veli palatini muscle: A preliminary study on their augmentation potential

Cheng,Xu; Song,Lei; Lan,Min; Shi,Bing; Li,Jingtao

doi:10.3892/etm.2017.5391

Morphological and molecular comparisons between tibialis anterior muscle and levator veli palatini muscle: A preliminary study on their augmentation potential

Authors:
- Xu Cheng
- Lei Song
- Min Lan
- Bing Shi
- Jingtao Li
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Affiliations: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P.R. China
Published online on: October 30, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.5391
Pages: 247-253
Copyright: © Cheng et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Tibialis anterior (TA) muscle and other somite‑derived limb muscles remain the prototype in skeletal muscle study. The majority of head muscles, however, develop from branchial arches and maintain a number of heterogeneities in comparison with their limb counterparts. Levator veli palatini (LVP) muscle is a deep‑located head muscle responsible for breathing, swallowing and speech, and is central to cleft palate surgery, yet lacks morphological and molecular investigation. In the present study, multiscale in vivo analyses were performed to compare TA and LVP muscle in terms of their myofiber composition, in‑situ stem cell population and augmentation potential. TA muscle was identified to be primarily composed of type 2B myofibers while LVP muscle primarily consisted of type 2A and 2X myofibers. In addition, LVP muscle maintained a higher percentage of centrally‑nucleated myofibers and a greater population of satellite cells. Notably, TA and LVP muscle responded to exogenous Wnt7a stimulus in different ways. Three weeks after Wnt7a administration, TA muscle exhibited an increase in myofiber number and a decrease in myofiber size, while LVP muscle demonstrated no significant changes in myofiber number or myofiber size. These results suggested that LVP muscle exhibits obvious differences in comparison with TA muscle. Therefore, knowledge acquired from TA muscle studies requires further testing before being applied to LVP muscle.

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