Anti-metastatic effect of polysaccharide isolated from Colocasia esculenta is exerted through immunostimulation

Park,Hye-Ryung; Lee,Hyun-Sun; Cho,Sun  Young; Kim,Yoon-Sook; Shin,Kwang-Soon

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2012.1224

Anti-metastatic effect of polysaccharide isolated from Colocasia esculenta is exerted through immunostimulation

Authors:
- Hye-Ryung Park
- Hyun-Sun Lee
- Sun Young Cho
- Yoon-Sook Kim
- Kwang-Soon Shin
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Affiliations: Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon-Si, Gyeonggi 443-760, Republic of Korea, Department of Food and Nutrition, Korea University, Seoul 136-703, Republic of Korea, Korea Food Research Institute, Seongnam, Gyeonggi 463-746, Republic of Korea
Published online on: December 27, 2012 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2012.1224
Pages: 361-368

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Abstract

In the present study, an edible corm of the plant Colocasia esculenta, commonly known as Taro was extracted with cold water (4˚C). Finally, 10.44 g (1.04%) of the crude polysaccharide (Taro-0) was obtained from Taro. The purified active compound (Taro-4-I) was isolated using DEAE-Sepharose FF and Sephadex G-100. The anti-complementary activity of Taro-4-I (57.3±4.5%) was similar to that of polysaccharide K (used as the positive control). The molecular weight of Taro-4-I was 200 kDa and it was a polysaccharide composed of 64.4% neutral sugars and 35.6% uronic acid. Taro-4-I activated the complement system through the classical and alternative pathways. The treatment of peritoneal macrophages with Taro-4-I significantly increased the production of interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in a dose-dependent manner. However, IL-12 production showed maximal activity at 56 µg/ml and subsequently decreased. Splenocytes obtained from mice which were administered Taro-4-I intravenously showed a higher toxicity to Yac-1 cells compared to those obtained from untreated mice in a effector‑to‑target (E/T) ratio-dependent manner. The group treated with 50 µg̸ml Taro-4-I showed a significantly increased toxicity to Yac-1 cells compared to the group treated with 500 µg̸ml Taro-4-I. The administration of Taro-4-I significantly inhibited the lung metastasis of B16BL6 melanoma cells. However, the group treated with 50 µg̸mouse Taro-4-I had a significantly lower number of tumors compared to the group injected with 500 µg/mouse Taro-4-I.

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