Chrysophanol inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis through NF-κB/cyclin D1 and NF-κB/Bcl-2
signaling cascade in breast cancer cell lines

Ren,Li; Li,Zhouping; Dai,Chunmei; Zhao,Danyu; Wang,Yanjie; Ma,Chunyu; Liu,Chun

doi:10.3892/mmr.2018.8443

Chrysophanol inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis through NF-κB/cyclin D1 and NF-κB/Bcl-2 signaling cascade in breast cancer cell lines

Authors:
- Li Ren
- Zhouping Li
- Chunmei Dai
- Danyu Zhao
- Yanjie Wang
- Chunyu Ma
- Chun Liu
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Affiliations: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, Liaoning 110032, P.R. China, Department of Aesthetic and Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121004, P.R. China, College of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121000, P.R. China
Published online on: January 17, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.8443
Pages: 4376-4382
Copyright: © Ren et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Chrysophanol is an anthraquinone compound, which exhibits anticancer effects on certain types of cancer cells. However, the effects of chrysophanol on human breast cancer remain to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to clarify the role of chrysophanol on breast cancer cell lines MCF‑7 and MDA‑MB‑231, and to identify the signal transduction pathways regulated by chrysophanol. MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that chrysophanol inhibited cell proliferation, and cell cycle progression in a dose‑dependent manner. The expression of cell cycle‑associated cyclin D1 and cyclin E were downregulated while p27 expression was upregulated following chrysophanol treatment at the mRNA, and protein levels. The Annexin V/propidium iodide staining assay results revealed that apoptosis levels increased following chrysophanol treatment. Chrysophanol upregulated caspase 3 and poly (ADP‑ribose) polymerase cleavage in both cell lines. Furthermore, chrysophanol enhanced the effect of paclitaxel on breast cancer cell apoptosis. In addition, chrysophanol downregulated apoptosis regulator Bcl‑2 protein, and transcription factor p65 and IκB phosphorylation. Inhbition of nuclear factor (NF)‑κB by ammonium pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate diminished the effect of chrysophanol on apoptosis and associated proteins. In conclusion, the results of the current study demonstrated that chrysophanol effectively suppresses breast cancer cell proliferation and facilitates chemosentivity through modulation of the NF-κB signaling pathway.

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