Protective effects of α‑2‑macroglobulin on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in radiation injury

Liu,Yang; Cao,Wanting; Kong,Xiangbo; Li,Jie; Chen,Xueying; Ge,Yaping; Zhong,Wanzhen; Fang,Silian

doi:10.3892/mmr.2018.9449

Protective effects of α‑2‑macroglobulin on human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in radiation injury

Authors:
- Yang Liu
- Wanting Cao
- Xiangbo Kong
- Jie Li
- Xueying Chen
- Yaping Ge
- Wanzhen Zhong
- Silian Fang
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Affiliations: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, P.R. China, Department of Stomatology, Sun Yat‑Sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‑Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
Published online on: September 4, 2018 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2018.9449
Pages: 4219-4228
Copyright: © Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Osteoradionecrosis of the jaws (ORNJ) is a complication of oral and maxillofacial malignancy that arises following radiotherapy; progressive jaw necrosis severely decreases the quality of life of patients. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs) are a cell type with self‑renewal and pluripotent differentiation potential in the bone marrow stroma. These cells are associated with bone tissue regeneration and are one of the primary cell types affected by bone tissue radiation injury. α‑2‑macroglobulin (α2M) is a glycoprotein‑rich macromolecule that interacts with cytokines, growth factors and hormones to serve a variety of biological roles. In addition, α2M possesses radio‑protective effects. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether α2M has protective effects against radiation injury of hBMMSCs. Cell counting kit‑8 and colony formation assays were used to monitor cell proliferation. Western blot analysis and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction were used to detect Beclin1, microtubule‑associated protein 1A/1B, sex determining region Y, Nanog, runt‑related transcription factor 2, osteoglycin and manganese superoxide dismutase expression. The formation of calcium nodules was evaluated by Alizarin red staining after osteogenic induction. Flow cytometric analysis of Annexin‑V and propidium iodide double staining was used to detect changes in apoptosis rate. Alkaline phosphatase and superoxide dismutase activity were determined using colorimetric assays. Reactive oxygen species levels were detected using 2',7'‑dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. The results of the present study revealed that α2M increased the rate of proliferation, reduced autophagy, alleviated pluripotent differentiation injury, increased the osteogenic differentiation ability and decreased the rate of apoptosis in hBMMSCs following irradiation via an antioxidative pathway. In conclusion, α2M exhibited protective effects against radiation injury in hBMMSCs and may be considered a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of ORNJ.

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