High developmental pluripotency‑associated 4 expression promotes cell proliferation and glycolysis, and predicts poor prognosis in non‑small‑cell lung cancer

Li,Longfei; Wang,Yufeng; Wang,Qiang; Qu,Jingming; Wei,Xiangju; Xu,Jilei; Wang,Yuanjin; Suo,Feng; Zhang,Yangjie

doi:10.3892/mmr.2019.10272

High developmental pluripotency‑associated 4 expression promotes cell proliferation and glycolysis, and predicts poor prognosis in non‑small‑cell lung cancer

Authors:
- Longfei Li
- Yufeng Wang
- Qiang Wang
- Jingming Qu
- Xiangju Wei
- Jilei Xu
- Yuanjin Wang
- Feng Suo
- Yangjie Zhang
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Affiliations: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221000, P.R. China, Department of Orthopedics, Yunnan Cancer Hospital, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan 650118, P.R. China
Published online on: May 22, 2019 https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.10272
Pages: 445-454
Copyright: © Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

The developmental pluripotency‑associated 4 (Dppa4) gene serves critical roles in cell self‑renewal, as well as in cancer development and progression. However, the regulatory role of Dppa4 in non‑small‑cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate the biological function of Dppa4 in NSCLC and its underlying mechanism of action. Dppa4 expression was measured in NSCLC tissue samples and cell lines, and its effect on cell proliferation and the expression of glycolytic enzymes was determined. In addition, the underlying mechanisms of Dppa4‑induced alterations in glycolysis were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses were also performed to analyze the prognostic significance of clinicopathological characteristics. Dppa4 was found to be highly expressed in NSCLC tissues and cell lines. Furthermore, it was observed that Dppa4 was correlated with the degree of tumor differentiation and TNM stage. Univariate and multivariate analyses identified Dppa4 expression and clinical stage as prognostic factors for NSCLC patients. Kaplan‑Meier analysis further revealed that patients with lower Dppa4 expression exhibited a better prognosis. In NSCLC cells, Dppa4 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, while Dppa4 overexpression enhanced cell proliferation, which was likely mediated by glycolysis promotion. Dppa4 knockdown had no evident effect on the majority of enzymes examined; however, glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT‑4) and pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 were significantly upregulated, and hexokinase II (HK‑II) and lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) were downregulated following Dppa4 knockdown. By contrast, Dppa4 overexpression resulted in downregulation of GLUT‑4, and upregulation of HK‑II, enolase and LDHB, whereas it had no effect on other enzymes. Since the most evident effect was observed on LDHB, further functional experiments demonstrated that this enzyme reversed the promoting effects of Dppa4 in NSCLC. In conclusion, Dppa4 promotes NSCLC progression, partly through glycolysis by LDHB. Thus, the Dppa4‑LDHB axis critically contributes to glycolysis in NSCLC cells, thereby promoting NSCLC development and progression.

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