Open Access

Clinical significance of exosomal miRNAs and proteins in three human cancers with high mortality in China (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Li‑Man Li
    • Huan Liu
    • Xing‑Hui Liu
    • Hong‑Bin Hu
    • Song‑Mei Liu
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: October 29, 2018     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.9631
  • Pages: 11-22
  • Copyright: © Li et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Cancer is the second leading cause of mortality worldwide. More importantly, the mortality rates for cancer are increasing. In China, lung cancer, liver cancer and gastric cancer are the top three leading causes of mortality in males, whereas lung cancer, gastric cancer and liver cancer are ranked the top three causes of mortality in females. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles that are produced and released by many different cells; these vesicles have a size range between 30 and 100 nm in diameter, and contain a lipid bilayer. Exosomes exist in various bodily fluids, contain plentiful amounts of nucleic acids and proteins, and shuttle these materials between cells to mediate the development of cancers. The present review summarizes the composition of exosomes and methods for their isolation and then intensively highlights the latest findings on the contributions of exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) and proteins to lung cancer, liver cancer and gastric cancer. Taken together, exosomal miRNAs and proteins may be used as noninvasive, novel biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, prognosis or precision treatment owing to their ability to promote tumor progression and metastasis, and their ability to regulate the immune response and tumor cell sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs.
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January-2019
Volume 17 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Li LM, Liu H, Liu XH, Hu HB and Liu SM: Clinical significance of exosomal miRNAs and proteins in three human cancers with high mortality in China (Review). Oncol Lett 17: 11-22, 2019
APA
Li, L., Liu, H., Liu, X., Hu, H., & Liu, S. (2019). Clinical significance of exosomal miRNAs and proteins in three human cancers with high mortality in China (Review). Oncology Letters, 17, 11-22. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.9631
MLA
Li, L., Liu, H., Liu, X., Hu, H., Liu, S."Clinical significance of exosomal miRNAs and proteins in three human cancers with high mortality in China (Review)". Oncology Letters 17.1 (2019): 11-22.
Chicago
Li, L., Liu, H., Liu, X., Hu, H., Liu, S."Clinical significance of exosomal miRNAs and proteins in three human cancers with high mortality in China (Review)". Oncology Letters 17, no. 1 (2019): 11-22. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.9631