Open Access

The microbiome, its molecular mechanisms and its potential as a therapeutic strategy against colorectal carcinogenesis (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Stella Baliou
    • Maria Adamaki
    • Demetrios A. Spandidos
    • Anthony M. Kyriakopoulos
    • Ioannis Christodoulou
    • Vassilis Zoumpourlis
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: December 20, 2018     https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2018.6
  • Pages: 3-19
  • Copyright: © Baliou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Microbiota is receiving significant attention in the research field, given that it is essential in homeostasis and an indirect modulator of diseases, such as cancer. Humans harbor a multitude of microorganisms that affect both human health and disease. Colorectal cancer is a genetic disease that is composed of distinct subtypes. In all cases, the intestinal microbiota has recently emerged as a crucial factor that promotes tumor growth at all stages through various mechanisms, such as the modulation of inflammation, the stimulation of DNA damage and toxic metabolite synthesis. In this review, we assess the contribution of the gut microbiome to homeostasis, its role as a potentiator or blocker of tumor progression and the underlying molecular mechanisms; we harness human data from both meta‑omics analyses and studies using animal models. Furthermore, we evaluate the ways through which microbes can be manipulated for diagnostic and prognostic purposes, and how they respond to chemotherapy or immunotherapy. Mounting evidence suggests that the microbiota may be used for the development of novel therapeutic strategies against colon cancer.
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January-February 2019
Volume 1 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 2632-2900
Online ISSN:2632-2919

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Spandidos Publications style
Baliou S, Adamaki M, Spandidos DA, Kyriakopoulos AM, Christodoulou I and Zoumpourlis V: The microbiome, its molecular mechanisms and its potential as a therapeutic strategy against colorectal carcinogenesis (Review). World Acad Sci J 1: 3-19, 2019
APA
Baliou, S., Adamaki, M., Spandidos, D.A., Kyriakopoulos, A.M., Christodoulou, I., & Zoumpourlis, V. (2019). The microbiome, its molecular mechanisms and its potential as a therapeutic strategy against colorectal carcinogenesis (Review). World Academy of Sciences Journal, 1, 3-19. https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2018.6
MLA
Baliou, S., Adamaki, M., Spandidos, D. A., Kyriakopoulos, A. M., Christodoulou, I., Zoumpourlis, V."The microbiome, its molecular mechanisms and its potential as a therapeutic strategy against colorectal carcinogenesis (Review)". World Academy of Sciences Journal 1.1 (2019): 3-19.
Chicago
Baliou, S., Adamaki, M., Spandidos, D. A., Kyriakopoulos, A. M., Christodoulou, I., Zoumpourlis, V."The microbiome, its molecular mechanisms and its potential as a therapeutic strategy against colorectal carcinogenesis (Review)". World Academy of Sciences Journal 1, no. 1 (2019): 3-19. https://doi.org/10.3892/wasj.2018.6