Route of primary HTLV-1 infection regulates HTLV-1 distribution in reservoir organs of infected mice

Tanaka,Masakazu; Nitta,Takayuki; Sun,Binlian; Fujisawa,Jun-Ichi; Miwa,Masanao

doi:10.3892/etm.2010.179

Route of primary HTLV-1 infection regulates HTLV-1 distribution in reservoir organs of infected mice

Authors:
- Masakazu Tanaka
- Takayuki Nitta
- Binlian Sun
- Jun-Ichi Fujisawa
- Masanao Miwa
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Affiliations: Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Graduate School of Bioscience, Nagahama Institute of Bio-Science and Technology, Nagahama, Shiga 526-0829, Japan, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan, Department of Microbiology, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Osaka 570-8506, Japan
Published online on: December 2, 2010 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2010.179
Pages: 89-93

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Abstract

Human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1) causes adult T-cell leukemia and HTLV-1-associated myelo-pathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. HTLV-1 is mainly transmitted through blood transfusion and breastfeeding, but viral proliferation in the body in vivo shortly after transmission is not well understood. To investigate whether the route of infection influences the early stages of viral proliferation, we inoculated BALB/c mice with MT-2 cells, an HTLV-1-producing human T-cell line, via different routes, and evaluated the proviral load and humoral immune responses. One month after infection, the provirus was detected in most organs of the mice infected intraperitoneally, and substantial proviral loads were detected in the peripheral blood and secondary lymphoid organs. In contrast, the mice infected intravenously and orally showed low proviral loads, and the provirus distribution was limited to the spinal cord among the intravenously inoculated mice and to the liver among the perorally inoculated mice. Mice infected intraperitoneally also exhibited higher interleukin-2 production than the mice infected intravenously or orally, or than the uninfected control mice, while anti-HTLV-1 antibody titers were comparable between the mice infected intraperitoneally and intravenously. These results demonstrate that the route of primary HTLV-1 infection influences the establishment of HTLV-1-infected cell proliferation and the cell reservoir in mice.

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