|
1
|
Gudmundsson G, Gislason T, Lindberg E, et
al: Mortality in COPD patients discharged from hospital: the role
of treatment and co-morbidity. Respir Res. 7:1092006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
2
|
Hurd S: The impact of COPD on lung health
worldwide: epidemiology and incidence. Chest. 117(2 Suppl): 1S–4S.
2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
3
|
Engelen M, Schols AM, Baken WC, et al:
Nutritional depletion in relation to respiratory and peripheral
skeletal muscle function in out-patients with COPD. Eur Respir J.
7:1793–1797. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
4
|
Mostert R, Goris A, Weling-Scheepers C, et
al: Tissue depletion and health related quality of life in patients
with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Respir Med. 94:859–867.
2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
5
|
Wilson DO, Rogers RM, Wright EC and
Anthonisen NR: Body weight in chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease: The National Institutes of Health Intermittent
Positive-Pressure Breathing Trial. Am Rev Respir Dis.
139:1435–1438. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
6
|
Gray-Donald K, Gibbons L, Shapiro SH,
Macklem PT and Martin JG: Nutritional status and mortality in
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.
153:961–966. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
7
|
Landbo C, Prescott E, Lange P, Vestbo J
and Almdal TP: Prognostic value of nutritional status in chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med.
160:1856–1861. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
8
|
Matsumura T, Nakayama M, Satoh H, Naito A,
Kamahara K and Sekizawa K: Plasma orexin-A levels and body
composition in COPD. Chest. 123:1060–1065. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
9
|
Vermeeren MA, Creutzberg EC, Schols AM,
Postma DS, Pieters WR, Roldaan AC and Wouters EF; COSMIC Study
Group. Prevalence of nutritional depletion in a large out-patient
population of patients with COPD. Respir Med. 100:1349–1355. 2006.
View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
10
|
Briski KP and Sylvester PW: Hypothalamic
orexin-A-immunopositive neurons express Fos in response to central
glucopenia. Neuroreport. 12:531–534. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
11
|
Gezmen Karadağ M and Aksoy M: The effect
of omega-3 fatty acid supplementation on plasma orexin A, plasma
fatty acids, and anthropometric measurements in patients with
narcolepsy. Turk J Med Sci. 42:77–88. 2012.
|
|
12
|
Lazarczyk MA, Lazarczyk M and Grzela T:
Ghrelin: a recently discovered gut-brain peptide (review). Int J
Mol Med. 12:279–287. 2003.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
13
|
Cummings DE: Ghrelin and the short- and
long-term regulation of appetite and body weight. Physiol Behav.
89:71–84. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
14
|
Liu ZB, Song NN, Geng WY, Jin WZ, Li L,
Cao YX, Qian Y, Zhu DN and Shen LL: Oreksin-A and respiration in a
rat model of smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 37:963–968. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
15
|
Ying BW, Song XB, Fan H, Wang LL, Li YS,
Cheng Z, Cheng H and Wen FQ: Plasma ghrelin levels and weight loss
in Chinese Uygur patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease. J Int Med Res. 36:1371–1377. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
16
|
Itoh T, Nagaya N, Yoshikawa M, Fukuoka A,
Takenaka H, Shimizu Y, Haruta Y, Oya H, Yamagishi M, Hosoda H,
Kangawa K and Kimura H: Elevated plasma ghrelin level in
underweight patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am
J Respir Crit Care Med. 170:879–882. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
17
|
Phoenix Pharmaceuticals. General protocol
for EK-031-50. http://www.phoenixpeptide.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=10814uri.
Accessed August 15, 2013
|
|
18
|
Phoenix Pharmaceuticals. General protocol
for EKE-003-30. http://www.phoenixpeptide.com/catalog/product_info.php?products_id=9380uri.
Accessed August 15, 2013
|
|
19
|
Rakıcıoğlu N, Acar Tek N, Ayaz A and
Pekcan G: Yemek ve Besin Fotoğraf Kataloğu. 3rd edition. Ata Ofset
Press; Ankara, Turkey: pp. 35–79. 2012
|
|
20
|
Dietary reference intakes for energy,
carbohydrate, fiber, fat, fatty acids, cholesterol, protein and
amino acid. Washington DC, USA: Institute of Medicine of the
National Academies; 2001, http://www.iom.edu/reports/2002/dietary-reference-intakes-for-energy-carbohydrate-fiber-fat-fatty-acids-cholesterol-protein-and-amino-acids.aspxuri.
Accessed July 20, 2013
|
|
21
|
The Ministry of Health of Turkey The
General Directorate of Primary Health Care and Hacettepe University
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics: Dietary guidelines for
Turkey. http://www.beslenme.gov.tr/content/files/yayinlar/ingilizce_yayinlar/books/dietary_guidelines.pdfuri.
Accessed August 15, 2013
|
|
22
|
World Health Organisation. BMI
classification. http://apps.who.int/bmi/index.jsp?introPage=intro_3.htmluri.
Accessed June 15, 2013
|
|
23
|
Özdamar K: 2004, Paket programlar ile
istatistiksel veri analizi (Cilt 1). Eskişehir: Kaan Kitapevi;
|
|
24
|
Schols AM, Soeters PB, Mostert R, et al:
Energy balance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Am Rev
Respir Dis. 143:1248–1252. 1991. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
25
|
Inui A: Cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome:
are neuropeptides the key? Cancer Res. 59:4493–4501.
1999.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
26
|
Kalra SP, Dube MG, Pu S, et al:
Interacting appetite-regulating pathways in the hypothalamic
regulation of body weight. Endocr Rev. 20:68–100. 1999.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
27
|
Peng M, Cai BQ, Ma Y, Zhu HJ, Sun Q and
Song AL: Circulating leptin and ghrelin in patients with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi.
30:182–185. 2007.(In Chinese).
|
|
28
|
Luo FM, Liu XJ, Li SQ, Wang ZL, Liu CT and
Yuan YM: Circulating ghrelin in patients with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease. Nutrition. 21:793–798. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
29
|
Baranowska B, Wolińska-Witort E, Martyńska
L, Chmielowska M and Baranowska-Bik A: Plasma orexin A, orexin B,
leptin, neuropeptide Y (NPY) and insulin in obese women. Neuro
Endocrinol Lett. 26:293–296. 2005.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
30
|
Adam JA, Manheere PP, van Dielen FM,
Soeters PB, Buurman WA and Greve JW: Decreased plasma orexin-A
levels in obese individuals. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord.
26:274–276. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
31
|
Lee H, Kim S, Lim Y, Gwon H, Kim Y, Ahn J
and Park H: Nutritional status and disease severity in patients
with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Arch Gerontol
Geriatr. 56:518–523. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
32
|
Woo J, Mak YT and Swaminathan R:
Nutritional status of general medical patients - influence of age
and disease. J Nutr Biochem. 2:274–280. 1991. View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
33
|
Hallin R, Koivisto-Hursti U, Lindberg E
and Janson C: Nutritional status, dietary energy intake and the
risk of exacerbations in patients with chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD). Respir Med. 100:561–567. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
34
|
Zhu LY, Summah H, Jiang HN and Qu JM:
Plasma orexin-a levels in COPD patients with hypercapnic
respiratory failure. Mediators Inflamm. 2011:7548472011.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
35
|
McKeever TM, Lewis SA, Smit HA, Burney P,
Cassano PA and Britton J: A multivariate analysis of serum nutrient
levels and lung function. Respir Res. 9:672008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
36
|
Hirayama F, Lee AH, Oura A, Mori M,
Hiramatsu N and Taniguchi H: Dietary intake of six minerals in
relation to the risk of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Asia
Pac J Clin Nutr. 19:572–577. 2010.PubMed/NCBI
|
|
37
|
Kan H, Stevens J, Heiss G, Rose KM and
London SJ: Dietary fiber, lung function and chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease in the atherosclerosis risk in communities study.
Am J Epidemiol. 167:570–578. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
|
38
|
Young JK, Wu M, Manaye KF, Kc P, Allard
JS, Mack SO and Haxhiu MA: Orexin stimulates breathing via
medullary and spinal pathways. J Appl Physiol (1985). 98:1387–1395.
2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI
|
