Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
July-2015 Volume 10 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
July-2015 Volume 10 Issue 1

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Review

Reducing iron accumulation: A potential approach for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Bin Chen
    • Guang‑Fei Li
    • Ying Shen
    • Xi Huang
    • You‑Jia Xu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China, Division of Rheumatology, NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases, New York, NY 10003, USA
  • Pages: 7-11
    |
    Published online on: May 8, 2015
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2015.2484
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a systemic bone metabolism disease, characterized by progressive bone loss following menopause and a subsequent increase in fracture risk. Estrogen deficiency as a result of menopause is known to increase bone resorption and accelerate bone loss. Furthermore, postmenopausal women may exhibit iron accumulation, in addition to estrogen deficiency. Elevated iron levels are a risk factor for PMOP in postmenopausal women, and reducing the iron overload has been demonstrated to benefit bone cell metabolism in vitro and improve the bone in vivo by normalizing osteoclastic bone resorption and formation. The identification of hepcidin was a key development in the field of iron metabolism in the previous decade. We hypothesize that hepcidin may aid in the prevention and treatment of PMOP due to its capacity to control body iron stores and its intrinsic effects on osteoblast function. The aim of the current review was to highlight the role of iron accumulation in the pathogenesis of PMOP and to evaluate the possible use of hepcidin as a potential therapy for this condition.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

View References

1 

MacKenzie EL, Iwasaki K and Tsuji Y: Intracellular iron transport and storage: From molecular mechanisms to health implications. Antioxid Redox Signal. 10:997–1030. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Olivieri NF, Liu PP, Sher GD, et al: Brief report: Combined liver and heart transplantation for end-stage iron-induced organ failure in an adult with homozygous beta-thalassemia. N Engl J Med. 330:1125–1127. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Kohgo Y, Ikuta K, Ohtake T, Torimoto Y and Kato J: Body iron metabolism and pathophysiology of iron overload. Int J Hematol. 88:7–15. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Weinberg ED: Iron loading: A risk factor for osteoporosis. Biometals. 19:633–635. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Weinberg ED: Role of iron in osteoporosis. Pediatr Endocrinol Rev. 6:(Suppl 1). 81–85. 2008.PubMed/NCBI

6 

Jian J, Pelle E and Huang X: Iron and menopause: Does increased iron affect the health of postmenopausal women? Antioxid Redox Signal. 11:2939–2943. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Tsay J, Yang Z, Ross FP, et al: Bone loss caused by iron overload in a murine model: Importance of oxidative stress. Blood. 116:2582–2589. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

de Vernejoul MC, Pointillart A, Golenzer CC, et al: Effects of iron overload on bone remodeling in pigs. Am J Pathol. 116:377–384. 1984.PubMed/NCBI

9 

Adams PC and Chakrabarti S: Genotypic/phenotypic correlations in genetic hemochromatosis: Evolution of diagnostic criteria. Gastroenterology. 114:319–323. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Zacharski LR, Ornstein DL, Woloshin S and Schwartz LM: Association of age, sex, and race with body iron stores in adults: Analysis of NHANES III data. Am Heart J. 140:98–104. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Huang X, Xu Y and Partridge NC: Dancing with sex hormones, could iron contribute to the gender difference in osteoporosis? Bone. 55:458–460. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Xu YJ, Sirois P and Li K: Iron overload plays a unique role in osteoporosis. Blood (E-letter). http://www.bloodjournal.org/content/116/14/2582.e-letters#iron-overload-plays-a-unique-role-in-osteoporosisAccessed. May 6–2015

13 

Kim BJ, Ahn SH, Bae SJ, et al: Iron overload accelerates bone loss in healthy postmenopausal women and middle-aged men: A 3-year retrospective longitudinal study. J Bone Miner Res. 27:2279–2290. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Kim BJ, Lee SH, Koh JM and Kim GS: The association between higher serum ferritin level and lower bone mineral density is prominent in women ≥45 years of age (KNHANES 2008–2010). Osteoporos Int. 24:2627–2637. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Clark SF: Iron deficiency anemia. Nutr Clin Pract. 23:128–141. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Zimmermann MB and Hurrell RF: Nutritional iron deficiency. Lancet. 370:511–520. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Yang Q, Jian J, Katz S, Abramson SB and Huang X: 17beta-Estradiol inhibits iron hormone hepcidin through an estrogen responsive element half-site. Endocrinology. 153:3170–3178. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Hou Y, Zhang S, Wang L, et al: Estrogen regulates iron homeostasis through governing hepatic hepcidin expression via an estrogen response element. Gene. 511:398–403. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Isomura H, Fujie K, Shibata K, et al: Bone metabolism and oxidative stress in postmenopausal rats with iron overload. Toxicology. 197:93–100. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Kalinowski DS and Richardson DR: The evolution of iron chelators for the treatment of iron overload disease and cancer. Pharmacol Rev. 57:547–583. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Bennett CN, Longo KA, Wright WS, et al: Regulation of osteoblastogenesis and bone mass by Wnt10b. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 102:3324–3329. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Almeida M, Han L, Martin-Millan M, O'Brien CA and Manolagas SC: Oxidative stress antagonizes Wnt signaling in osteoblast precursors by diverting beta-catenin from T cell factor- to forkhead box O-mediated transcription. J Biol Chem. 282:27298–27305. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Jia P, Xu YJ, Zhang ZL, et al: Ferric ion could facilitate osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption through the production of reactive oxygen species. J Orthop Res. 30:1843–1852. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Liu G, Men P, Kenner GH and Miller SC: Age-associated iron accumulation in bone: implications for postmenopausal osteoporosis and a new target for prevention and treatment by chelation. Biometals. 19:245–251. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Liu G, Men P, Kenner GH and Miller SC: Therapeutic effects of an oral chelator targeting skeletal tissue damage in experimental postmenopausal osteoporosis in rats. Hemoglobin. 32:181–190. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Maggio A, Filosa A, Vitrano A, et al: Iron chelation therapy in thalassemia major: A systematic review with meta-analyses of 1520 patients included on randomized clinical trials. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 47:166–175. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Fabio G, Minonzio F, Delbini P, Bianchi A and Cappellini MD: Reversal of cardiac complications by deferiprone and deferoxamine combination therapy in a patient affected by a severe type of juvenile hemochromatosis (JH). Blood. 109:362–364. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Kalpatthi R, Peters B, Kane I, et al: Safety and efficacy of high dose intravenous desferrioxamine for reduction of iron overload in sickle cell disease. Pediatr Blood Cancer. 55:1338–1342. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Ishii KA, Fumoto T, Iwai K, et al: Coordination of PGC-1beta and iron uptake in mitochondrial biogenesis and osteoclast activation. Nat Med. 15:259–266. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Ganz T: Hepcidin, a key regulator of iron metabolism and mediator of anemia of inflammation. Blood. 102:783–788. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Donovan A, Brownlie A, Zhou Y, et al: Positional cloning of zebrafish ferroportin1 identifies a conserved vertebrate iron exporter. Nature. 403:776–781. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Nemeth E, Tuttle MS, Powelson J, et al: Hepcidin regulates cellular iron efflux by binding to ferroportin and inducing its internalization. Science. 306:2090–2093. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Lesbordes-Brion JC, Viatte L, Bennoun M, et al: Targeted disruption of the hepcidin 1 gene results in severe hemochromatosis. Blood. 108:1402–1405. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Nicolas G, Bennoun M, Devaux I, et al: Lack of hepcidin gene expression and severe tissue iron overload in upstream stimulatory factor 2 (USF2) knockout mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 98:8780–8785. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Hadziahmetovic M, Song Y, Ponnuru P, et al: Age-dependent retinal iron accumulation and degeneration in hepcidin knockout mice. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 52:109–118. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Roetto A, Papanikolaou G, Politou M, et al: Mutant antimicrobial peptide hepcidin is associated with severe juvenile hemochromatosis. Nat Genet. 33:21–22. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Ahmad KA, Ahmann JR, Migas MC, et al: Decreased liver hepcidin expression in the Hfe knockout mouse. Blood Cells Mol Dis. 29:361–366. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Guggenbuhl P, Fergelot P, Doyard M, et al: Bone status in a mouse model of genetic hemochromatosis. Osteoporos Int. 22:2313–2319. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Nicolas G, Viatte L, Lou DQ, et al: Constitutive hepcidin expression prevents iron overload in a mouse model of hemochromatosis. Nat Genet. 34:97–101. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Moran-Jimenez MJ, Mendez M, Santiago B, et al: Hepcidin treatment in Hfe-/- mice diminishes plasma iron without affecting erythropoiesis. Eur J Clin Invest. 40:511–517. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Gardenghi S, Ramos P, Marongiu MF, et al: Hepcidin as a therapeutic tool to limit iron overload and improve anemia in beta-thalassemic mice. J Clin Invest. 120:4466–4477. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Andrews NC: Closing the iron gate. N Engl J Med. 366:376–377. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Ganz T and Nemeth E: The hepcidin-ferroportin system as a therapeutic target in anemias and iron overload disorders. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2011:538–542. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Li GF, Pan YZ, Sirois P, Li K and Xu YJ: Iron homeostasis in osteoporosis and its clinical implications. Osteoporos Int. 23:2403–2408. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Ma Y, Xu YJ, Wang AD, Yu C, Wang B, Zhang P and Zhang ZD: A preliminary report of expression of hepcidin gene in SD rats osteoporosis model. Su Zhou Da Xue Zue Bao. 26:367–369. 2006.(In Chinese).

46 

Zhang P, Xu YJ, Zhao DY, et al: Increased intracellular iron and mineralization of cultured hFOB 1.19 cells following hepcidin activation through ferroportin-1. Saudi Med J. 31:1303–1308. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

47 

Li GF, Xu YJ, He YF, et al: Effect of hepcidin on intracellular calcium in human osteoblasts. Mol Cell Biochem. 366:169–174. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Xu Y, Li G, Du B, et al: Hepcidin increases intracellular Ca2+ of osteoblast hFOB1.19 through L-type Ca2+ channels. Regul Pept. 172:58–61. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Xi Huang: Treatment of osteoporosis in peri- and post-menopausal women with hepcidin. US Patent 0,204,122. Filed. February 11–2010 issued. August 12–2010

50 

De Domenico I, Lo E, Ward DM and Kaplan J: Hepcidin-induced internalization of ferroportin requires binding and cooperative interaction with Jak2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 106:3800–3805. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

De Domenico I, Zhang TY, Koening CL, et al: Hepcidin mediates transcriptional changes that modulate acute cytokine-induced inflammatory responses in mice. J Clin Invest. 120:2395–2405. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

52 

Bellido T, Borba VZ, Roberson P and Manolagas SC: Activation of the Janus kinase/STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) signal transduction pathway by interleukin-6-type cytokines promotes osteoblast differentiation. Endocrinology. 138:3666–3676. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

53 

Nishimura R, Moriyama K, Yasukawa K, Mundy GR and Yoneda T: Combination of interleukin-6 and soluble interleukin-6 receptors induces differentiation and activation of JAK-STAT and MAP kinase pathways in MG-63 human osteoblastic cells. J Bone Miner Res. 13:777–785. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

54 

Barhanpurkar AP, Gupta N, Srivastava RK, et al: IL-3 promotes osteoblast differentiation and bone formation in human mesenchymal stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 418:669–675. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

55 

Xu Y, Zhang W, Zhang P, et al: Downregulation of ferroportin 1 expression in hFOB1.19 osteoblasts by hepcidin. Inflammation. 35:1058–1061. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

56 

Preza GC, Ruchala P, Pinon R, et al: Minihepcidins are rationally designed small peptides that mimic hepcidin activity in mice and may be useful for the treatment of iron overload. J Clin Invest. 121:4880–4888. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

57 

Katsumata S, Tsuboi R, Uehara M and Suzuki K: Dietary iron deficiency decreases serum osteocalcin concentration and bone mineral density in Rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 70:2547–2550. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

58 

Maurer J, Harris MM, Stanford VA, et al: Dietary iron positively influences bone mineral density in postmenopausal women on hormone replacement therapy. J Nutr. 135:863–869. 2005.PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Chen B, Li GF, Shen Y, Huang X and Xu YJ: Reducing iron accumulation: A potential approach for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (Review). Exp Ther Med 10: 7-11, 2015.
APA
Chen, B., Li, G., Shen, Y., Huang, X., & Xu, Y. (2015). Reducing iron accumulation: A potential approach for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 10, 7-11. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2015.2484
MLA
Chen, B., Li, G., Shen, Y., Huang, X., Xu, Y."Reducing iron accumulation: A potential approach for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 10.1 (2015): 7-11.
Chicago
Chen, B., Li, G., Shen, Y., Huang, X., Xu, Y."Reducing iron accumulation: A potential approach for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 10, no. 1 (2015): 7-11. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2015.2484
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Chen B, Li GF, Shen Y, Huang X and Xu YJ: Reducing iron accumulation: A potential approach for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (Review). Exp Ther Med 10: 7-11, 2015.
APA
Chen, B., Li, G., Shen, Y., Huang, X., & Xu, Y. (2015). Reducing iron accumulation: A potential approach for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 10, 7-11. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2015.2484
MLA
Chen, B., Li, G., Shen, Y., Huang, X., Xu, Y."Reducing iron accumulation: A potential approach for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 10.1 (2015): 7-11.
Chicago
Chen, B., Li, G., Shen, Y., Huang, X., Xu, Y."Reducing iron accumulation: A potential approach for the prevention and treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 10, no. 1 (2015): 7-11. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2015.2484
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team