Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
April-2016 Volume 11 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
April-2016 Volume 11 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Preparation of a novel composite nanofiber gel‑encapsulated human placental extract through layer‑by‑layer self‑assembly

  • Authors:
    • Guohui Liu
    • Xi Chen
    • Wu Zhou
    • Shuhua Yang
    • Shunan Ye
    • Faqi Cao
    • Yi Liu
    • Yuan Xiong
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Orthopedics, Union Hospital, Tongi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
  • Pages: 1447-1452
    |
    Published online on: February 17, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3084
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Aqueous human placenta extract (HPE) has been previously used to treat chronic soft tissue ulcer; however, the optimal dosage of HPE has yet to be elucidated. The present study investigated a novel nanofiber gel composed through layer‑by‑layer (LbL) self‑assembly, in which HPE was encapsulated. IKVAV, RGD, RAD16 and FGL‑PA were screened and combined to produce an optimal vehicle nanofiber gel through LbL assembly. Subsequently, the aqueous HPE was encapsulated into this nanofiber at the appropriate concentration, and the morphology, particle size, drug loading efficacy, encapsulation rate, release efficiency and structure validation were detected. The encapsulation efficiency of all three HPE samples was >90%, the nanofiber gel exhibited a slow releasing profile, and the structure of HPE encapsulated in the nanofiber gel was unvaried. In conclusion, this type of novel composite nanocapsules may offer a promising delivery system for HPE.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

View References

1 

De D, Chakraborty PD and Bhattacharyya D: Regulation of trypsin activity by peptide fraction of an aqueous extract of human placenta used as wound healer. J Cell Physiol. 226:2033–2040. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

De D, Chakraborty PD and Bhattacharyya D: Analysis of free and bound NADPH in aqueous extract of human placenta used as wound healer. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 877:2435–2442. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Xu Li-jie and Wang Zhi-ping: An analysis for 50 examples of curative effect about ulcer powder for external use curing skin soft tissue injury. China Practical Medicine. 3:13–14. 2008.

4 

Nath S and Bhattacharyya D: Cell adhesion by aqueous extract of human placenta used as wound healer. Indian J Exp Biol. 45:732–738. 2007.PubMed/NCBI

5 

Chakraborty PD and Bhattacharyya D: Isolation of fibronectin type III like peptide from human placental extract used as wound healer. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 818:67–73. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Beeson CC, Beeson GC, Buff H, Eldridge J, Zhang A, Seth A, Demcheva M, Vournakis JN and Muise-Helmericks RC: Integrin-dependent Akt1 activation regulates PGC-1 expression and fatty acid oxidation. J Vasc Res. 49:89–100. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Muise-Helmericks RC, Demcheva M, Vournakis JN and Seth A: Poly-N-acetyl glucosamine fibers activate bone regeneration in a rabbit femur injury model. J Trauma. 71(2 Suppl 1): S194–S196. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Erba P, Adini A, Demcheva M, Valeri CR and Orgill DP: Poly-N-acetyl glucosamine fibers are synergistic with vacuum-assisted closure in augmenting the healing response of diabetic mice. J Trauma. 71(2 Suppl 1): S187–S193. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Lindner HB, Zhang A, Eldridge J, Demcheva M, Tsichlis P, Seth A, Vournakis J and Muise-Helmericks RC: Anti-bacterial effects of poly-N-acetyl-glucosamine nanofibers in cutaneous wound healing: Requirement for Akt1. PloS One. 6:e189962011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Scherer SS, Pietramaggiori G, Matthews J, Perry S, Assmann A, Carothers A, Demcheva M, Muise-Helmericks RC, Seth A, Vournakis JN, et al: Poly-N-acetyl glucosamine nanofibers: A new bioactive material to enhance diabetic wound healing by cell migration and angiogenesis. Ann Surg. 250:322–330. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Jiang F, Yeh CK, Wen J and Sun Y: N-trimethylchitosan/alginate layer-by-layer self-assembly coatings act as ‘fungal repellents’ to prevent biofilm formation on healthcare materials. Adv Healthc Mater. 4:469–475. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Lv H, Chen Z, Yang X, Cen L, Zhang X and Gao P: Layer-by-layer self-assembly of minocycline-loaded chitosan/alginate multilayer on titanium substrates to inhibit biofilm formation. J Dent. 42:1464–1472. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Lee H, Hong D, Choi JY, Kim JY, Lee SH, Kim HM, Yang SH and Choi IS: Layer-by-layer-based silica encapsulation of individual yeast with thickness control. Chem Asian J. 10:129–132. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Choi Y, Choi S, Jeong HY, Liu M, Kim BS and Kim G: Highly efficient layer-by-layer-assisted infiltration for high-performance and cost-effective fabrication of nanoelectrodes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 6:17352–17357. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Huang Z, Yao Y, Han L and Che S: Control of chiral nanostructures by self-assembly of designed amphiphilic peptides and silica biomineralization. Chemistry. 20:17068–17076. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Shah RN, Shah NA, Del Rosario Lim MM, Hsieh C, Nuber G and Stupp SI: Supramolecular design of self-assembling nanofibers for cartilage regeneration. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 107:3293–3298. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Sun X, Xu Y, Wang C and Li Q: Self-assembly of RGD peptide nanofiber hydrogels and its biocompatibility studies combined with adipose derived stem cells. Acta Universitatis Medicinalis Anhui. 46:1253–1256. 2011.

18 

Sehgal RR and Banerjee R: IKVAV-functionalized self-assembling peptide hydrogel for improved neural stem cell transplantation. Nanomedicine (Lond). 8:521–522. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Zhang Z, Zheng Q, Wu Y and Wu B: Biocompatibility of FGL peptide self-assembly nano-fibers with neural stem cells in vitro. Chinese Journal of Reconstructive surgery. 22:1369–1372. 2008.(In Chinese).

20 

Martínez-Ramos C, Arnal-Pastor M, Vallés-Lluch A and Pradas MM: Peptide gel in a scaffold as a composite matrix for endothelial cells. J Biomed Mater Res A. 103:3293–3302. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Yao C, Hedrick M, Pareek G, Renzulli J, Haleblian G and Webster TJ: Nanostructured polyurethane-poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid scaffolds increase bladder tissue regeneration: An in vivo study. Int J Nanomedicine. 8:3285–3296. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

22 

Gu X, Wang J, Wang Y, Wang Y, Gao H and Wu G: Layer-by-layer assembled polyaspartamide nanocapsules for pH-responsive protein delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 108:205–211. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Parwe SP, Chaudhari PN, Mohite KK, Selukar BS, Nande SS and Garnaik B: Synthesis of ciprofloxacin-conjugated poly (L-lactic acid) polymer for nanofiber fabrication and antibacterial evaluation. Int J Nanomedicine. 9:1463–1477. 2014.PubMed/NCBI

24 

Qi R, Guo R, Zheng F, Liu H, Yu J and Shi X: Controlled release and antibacterial activity of antibiotic-loaded electrospun halloysite/poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) composite nanofibers. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 110:148–155. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Coull AF, Atherton I, Taylor A and Watterson AE: Prevalence of skin problems and leg ulceration in a sample of young injecting drug users. Harm Reduct J. 11:222014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Okrainec K, Booth GL, Hollands S and Bell CM: Impact of language barriers on complications and mortality among immigrants with diabetes: A population-based cohort study. Diabetes Care. 38:189–196. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Levy A, Kopplin K and Gefen A: An air-cell-based cushion for pressure ulcer protection remarkably reduces tissue stresses in the seated buttocks with respect to foams: Finite element studies. J Tissue Viability. 23:13–23. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Liu G, Wang J, Yang S, Xu W, Ye S and Xia T: Effect of a porous tantalum rod on early and intermediate stages of necrosis of the femoral head. Biomed Mater. 5:0650032010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Keränen H, Gutiérrez-de-Terán H and Aqvist J: Structural and energetic effects of A2A adenosine receptor mutations on agonist and antagonist binding. PloS One. 9:e1084922014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Kim DG and Bynoe MS: A2A adenosine receptor regulates the human blood-brain barrier permeability. Mol Neurobiol. 52:664–678. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Metsola J, Maksimow M, Ojaniemi M, Metsola H, Marttila-Ichihara F, Vuolteenaho R, Yegutkin GG, Salmi M, Hallman M and Jalkanen S: Postnatal development and LPS responsiveness of pulmonary adenosine receptor expression and of adenosine-metabolizing enzymes in mice. Pediatr Res. 76:515–521. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Beggiato S, Antonelli T, Tomasini MC, Borelli AC, Agnati LF, Tanganelli S, Fuxe K and Ferraro L: Adenosine A2A-D2 receptor-receptor interactions in putative heteromers in the regulation of the striato-pallidal GABA pathway: Possible relevance for Parkinson's disease and its treatment. Curr Protein Pept Sci. 15:673–680. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Fuxe K, Borroto-Escuela D, Fisone G, Agnati LF and Tanganelli S: Understanding the role of heteroreceptor complexes in the central nervous system. Curr Protein Pept Sci. 15:6472014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Mitsui Y, Bagchi M, Marone PA, Moriyama H and Bagchi D: Safety and toxicological evaluation of a novel, fermented, peptide-enriched, hydrolyzed swine placenta extract powder. Toxicol Mech Methods. 25:13–20. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Bogacz B, Bartkowiak-Wieczrek J, Mikołajczak PŁ, Rakowska-Mrozikiewicz B, Grześkowiak E, Wolski H, Czerny B and Mrozikiewicz PM: The influence of soybean extract on the expression level of selected drug transporters, transcription factors and cytochrome P450 genes encoding phase I drug-metabolizing enzymes. Ginekol Pol. 85:348–353. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Mrozikiewicz PM, Bogacz A, Czerny B, Karasiewicz M, Kujawski R, Mikolajczak PL, Seremak-Mrozikiewicz A, Grzeskowiak E and Bobkiewicz-Kozlowska T: The influence of a standardized soybean extract (Glycine max) on the expression level of cytochrome P450 genes in vivo. Ginekol Pol. 81:516–520. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

37 

Bitto A, Polito F, Irrera N, D'Ascola A, Avenoso A, Nastasi G, Campo GM, Micali A, Bagnato G, Minutoli L, Marini H, et al: Polydeoxyribonucleotide reduces cytokine production and the severity of collagen-induced arthritis by stimulation of adenosine A(2A) receptor. Arthritis Rheum. 63:3364–3371. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Minutoli L, Arena S, Bonvissuto G, Bitto A, Polito F, Irrera N, Arena F, Fragalà E, Romeo C, Nicotina PA, et al: Activation of adenosine A2A receptors by polydeoxyribonucleotide increases vascular endothelial growth factor and protects against testicular damage induced by experimental varicocele in rats. Fertil Steril. 95:1510–1513. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Squadrito F, Bitto A, Altavilla D, Arcoraci V, De Caridi G, De Feo ME, Corrao S, Pallio G, Sterrantino C, Minutoli L, et al: The effect of PDRN, an adenosine receptor A2A agonist, on the healing of chronic diabetic foot ulcers: Results of a clinical trial. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 99:E746–E753. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Bitto A, Oteri G, Pisano M, Polito F, Irrera N, Minutoli L, Squadrito F and Altavilla D: Adenosine receptor stimulation by polynucleotides (PDRN) reduces inflammation in experimental periodontitis. J Clin Periodontol. 40:26–32. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Minutoli L, Antonuccio P, Squadrito F, Bitto A, Nicotina PA, Fazzari C, Polito F, Marini H, Bonvissuto G, Arena S, Morgia G, et al: Effects of polydeoxyribonucleotide on the histological damage and the altered spermatogenesis induced by testicular ischaemia and reperfusion in rats. Int J Androl. 35:133–144. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Liu G, Chen X, Zhou W, Yang S, Ye S, Cao F, Liu Y and Xiong Y: Preparation of a novel composite nanofiber gel‑encapsulated human placental extract through layer‑by‑layer self‑assembly. Exp Ther Med 11: 1447-1452, 2016.
APA
Liu, G., Chen, X., Zhou, W., Yang, S., Ye, S., Cao, F. ... Xiong, Y. (2016). Preparation of a novel composite nanofiber gel‑encapsulated human placental extract through layer‑by‑layer self‑assembly. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 11, 1447-1452. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3084
MLA
Liu, G., Chen, X., Zhou, W., Yang, S., Ye, S., Cao, F., Liu, Y., Xiong, Y."Preparation of a novel composite nanofiber gel‑encapsulated human placental extract through layer‑by‑layer self‑assembly". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 11.4 (2016): 1447-1452.
Chicago
Liu, G., Chen, X., Zhou, W., Yang, S., Ye, S., Cao, F., Liu, Y., Xiong, Y."Preparation of a novel composite nanofiber gel‑encapsulated human placental extract through layer‑by‑layer self‑assembly". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 11, no. 4 (2016): 1447-1452. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3084
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Liu G, Chen X, Zhou W, Yang S, Ye S, Cao F, Liu Y and Xiong Y: Preparation of a novel composite nanofiber gel‑encapsulated human placental extract through layer‑by‑layer self‑assembly. Exp Ther Med 11: 1447-1452, 2016.
APA
Liu, G., Chen, X., Zhou, W., Yang, S., Ye, S., Cao, F. ... Xiong, Y. (2016). Preparation of a novel composite nanofiber gel‑encapsulated human placental extract through layer‑by‑layer self‑assembly. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 11, 1447-1452. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3084
MLA
Liu, G., Chen, X., Zhou, W., Yang, S., Ye, S., Cao, F., Liu, Y., Xiong, Y."Preparation of a novel composite nanofiber gel‑encapsulated human placental extract through layer‑by‑layer self‑assembly". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 11.4 (2016): 1447-1452.
Chicago
Liu, G., Chen, X., Zhou, W., Yang, S., Ye, S., Cao, F., Liu, Y., Xiong, Y."Preparation of a novel composite nanofiber gel‑encapsulated human placental extract through layer‑by‑layer self‑assembly". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 11, no. 4 (2016): 1447-1452. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2016.3084
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team