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Article

Tocotrienol alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model of spinal cord injury via suppression of transforming growth factor-β

  • Authors:
    • Chuanhui Xun
    • Mardan Mamat
    • Hailong Guo
    • Pulat Mamati
    • Jun Sheng
    • Jian Zhang
    • Tao Xu
    • Weidong Liang
    • Rui Cao
    • Weibin Sheng
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830054, P.R. China
  • Pages: 431-438
    |
    Published online on: May 23, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.4505
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Abstract

In recent years accumulating evidence has indicated that tocotrienol exhibits an oxidation resistance function, decreased cholesterol function, inhibits cancer function and has unique physiological functions, including anti-inflammatory, anti‑apoptotic and anti‑oxidative properties. The present study investigated the effect of tocotrienols on spinal cord injury (SCI) by evaluating oxidative stress, inflammation and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in rats. A rat model of SCI was induced by operation. SCI rats were treated with 120 mg/kg/day tocotrienol once a day for eight consecutive weeks. Functional recovery following SCI was measured by using the Basso Beattie Bresnahan (BBB) locomotor rating scale. Then the volume of spinal cord contusions was measured following induction of SCI in the rats. In SCI rats, serum malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, nuclear factor‑κB p65 unit, tumor necrosis factor‑α, interleukin (IL)‑1β and IL‑6 levels were analyzed using respective commercial immunoassay kits. Firstly, iNOS, transforming growth factor (TGF)‑β, collagen type IV and fibronectin protein expression levels, in addition to iNOS activity and plasma nitric oxide (NO) production in SCI rats was analyzed using western blot analysis, commercial kits and Griess reagent, respectively. Tocotrienol treatment elevated BBB scores and contused volume in the SCI rats. Tocotrienol protected against SCI with reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, and inhibited iNOS protein expression iNOS activity and plasma NO production in rats. In addition, treatment with tocotrienols suppressed TGF‑β, collagen type IV and fibronectin protein expression levels in SCI rats. These results suggest that tocotrienols protect SCI, and suppress oxidative stress, inflammation and iNOS in this model of SCI through TGF‑β, collagen type IV and fibronectin signaling pathways.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Xun C, Mamat M, Guo H, Mamati P, Sheng J, Zhang J, Xu T, Liang W, Cao R, Sheng W, Sheng W, et al: Tocotrienol alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model of spinal cord injury via suppression of transforming growth factor-β. Exp Ther Med 14: 431-438, 2017.
APA
Xun, C., Mamat, M., Guo, H., Mamati, P., Sheng, J., Zhang, J. ... Sheng, W. (2017). Tocotrienol alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model of spinal cord injury via suppression of transforming growth factor-β. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 14, 431-438. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.4505
MLA
Xun, C., Mamat, M., Guo, H., Mamati, P., Sheng, J., Zhang, J., Xu, T., Liang, W., Cao, R., Sheng, W."Tocotrienol alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model of spinal cord injury via suppression of transforming growth factor-β". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 14.1 (2017): 431-438.
Chicago
Xun, C., Mamat, M., Guo, H., Mamati, P., Sheng, J., Zhang, J., Xu, T., Liang, W., Cao, R., Sheng, W."Tocotrienol alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model of spinal cord injury via suppression of transforming growth factor-β". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 14, no. 1 (2017): 431-438. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.4505
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Xun C, Mamat M, Guo H, Mamati P, Sheng J, Zhang J, Xu T, Liang W, Cao R, Sheng W, Sheng W, et al: Tocotrienol alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model of spinal cord injury via suppression of transforming growth factor-β. Exp Ther Med 14: 431-438, 2017.
APA
Xun, C., Mamat, M., Guo, H., Mamati, P., Sheng, J., Zhang, J. ... Sheng, W. (2017). Tocotrienol alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model of spinal cord injury via suppression of transforming growth factor-β. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 14, 431-438. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.4505
MLA
Xun, C., Mamat, M., Guo, H., Mamati, P., Sheng, J., Zhang, J., Xu, T., Liang, W., Cao, R., Sheng, W."Tocotrienol alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model of spinal cord injury via suppression of transforming growth factor-β". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 14.1 (2017): 431-438.
Chicago
Xun, C., Mamat, M., Guo, H., Mamati, P., Sheng, J., Zhang, J., Xu, T., Liang, W., Cao, R., Sheng, W."Tocotrienol alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model of spinal cord injury via suppression of transforming growth factor-β". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 14, no. 1 (2017): 431-438. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2017.4505
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