|
1
|
Ferguson AC: Prolonged impairment of
cellular immunity in children with intrauterine growth retardation.
J Pediatr. 93:52–56. 1978.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
2
|
McDade TW, Beck MA, Kuzawa CW and Adair
LS: Prenatal undernutrition and postnatal growth are associated
with adolescent thymic function. J Nutr. 131:1225–1231.
2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
3
|
Felker RE, Cartier MS, Emerson DS and
Brown DL: Ultrasound of the fetal thymus. J Ultrasound Med.
8:669–673. 1989.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
4
|
Gamez F, De Leon-Luis J, Pintado P, Perez
R, Robinson JN, Antolin E, Ortiz-Quintana L and Santolaya-Forgas J:
Fetal thymus size in uncomplicated twin and singleton pregnancies.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 36:302–307. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View
Article : Google Scholar
|
|
5
|
Lamouroux A, Mousty E, Prodhomm O, Bigi N,
Le Gac MP, Letouzey V, De Tayrac R and Mares P: Absent or
hypoplastic thymus: A marker for 22q11.2 microdeletion syndrome in
case of polyhydramnios. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod (Paris).
45:388–396. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
6
|
De Leon-Luis J, Gamez F, Pintado P,
Antolin E, Pérez R, Ortiz-Quintana L and Santolaya-Forgas J:
Sonographic measurements of the thymus in male and female fetuses.
J Ultrasound Med. 28:43–48. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
7
|
Warncke K, Lickert R, Eitel S, Gloning KP,
Bonifacio E, Sedlmeier EM, Becker P, Knoop J, Beyerlein A and
Ziegler AG: Thymus growth and fetal immune responses in diabetic
pregnancies. Horm Metab Res. 49:892–898. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
8
|
Yinon Y, Zalel Y, Weisz B, Mazaki-Tovi S,
Sivan E, Schiff E and Achiron R: Fetal thymus size as a predictor
of chorioamnionitis in women with preterm premature rupture of
membranes. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 29:639–643. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View
Article : Google Scholar
|
|
9
|
Zalel Y, Gamzu R, Mashiach S and Achiron
R: The development of the fetal thymus: An in utero sonographic
evaluation. Prenat Diagn. 22:114–117. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View
Article : Google Scholar
|
|
10
|
De Leon-Luis J, Ruiz Y, Gamez F, Pintado
P, Oyelese Y, Pereda A, Ortiz-Quintana L and Santolaya-Forgas J:
Comparison of measurements of the transverse diameter and perimeter
of the fetal thymus obtained by magnetic resonance and ultrasound
imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging. 33:1100–1105. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
11
|
Kang X, Shelmerdine SC, Hurtado I,
Bevilacqua E, Hutchinson C, Mandalia U, Segers V, Cos Sanchez T,
Cannie MM, Carlin A, et al: Postmortem fetal imaging: A prospective
blinded comparison study of 2-dimensional ultrasound with MR
imaging. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 53:229–238. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
12
|
Gordon J and Manley NR: Mechanisms of
thymus organogenesis and morphogenesis. Development. 138:3865–3878.
2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
13
|
Graham A, Okabe M and Quinlan R: The role
of the endoderm in the development and evolution of the pharyngeal
arches. J Anat. 207:479–487. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
14
|
Guihard-Costa AM, Menez F and Delezoide
AL: Organ weights in human fetuses after formalin fixation:
Standards by gestational age and body weight. Pediatr Dev Pathol.
5:559–578. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
15
|
Liu F, Zhang Z, Lin X, Teng G, Meng H, Yu
T, Fang F, Zang F, Li Z and Liu S: Development of the human fetal
cerebellum in the second trimester: A post mortem magnetic
resonance imaging evaluation. J Anat. 219:582–588. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
16
|
Zhang Z, Liu S, Lin X, Teng G, Yu T, Fang
F and Zang F: Development of fetal brain of 20 weeks gestational
age: Assessment with post-mortem magnetic resonance imaging. Eur J
Radiol. 80:e432–e439. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
17
|
Di Naro E, Cromi A, Ghezzi F, Raio L,
Uccella S, D'Addario V and Loverro G: Fetal thymic involution: A
sonographic marker of the fetal inflammatory response syndrome. Am
J Obstet Gynecol. 194:153–159. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
18
|
Meng H, Zhang Z, Geng H, Lin X, Feng L,
Teng G, Fang F, Zang F and Liu S: Development of the subcortical
brain structures in the second trimester: Assessment with 7.0-T
MRI. Neuroradiology. 54:1153–1159. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
19
|
Zhang Z, Hou Z, Lin X, Teng G, Meng H,
Zang F, Fang F and Liu S: Development of the fetal cerebral cortex
in the second trimester: Assessment with 7T postmortem MR imaging.
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 34:1462–1467. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
20
|
Jelev L and Surchev L: Radial artery
coursing behind the biceps brachii tendon: Significance for the
transradial catheterization and a clinically oriented
classification of the radial artery variations. Cardiovasc
Intervent Radiol. 31:1008–1012. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
21
|
Damodaram MS, Story L, Eixarch E, Patkee
P, Patel A, Kumar S and Rutherford M: Foetal volumetry using
magnetic resonance imaging in intrauterine growth restriction.
Early Hum Dev. 88 (Suppl 1):S35–S40. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
22
|
Chung L, Maestas DR Jr, Housseau F and
Elisseeff JH: Key players in the immune response to biomaterial
scaffolds for regenerative medicine. Adv Drug Deliv Rev.
114:184–192. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
23
|
Gordon J, Wilson VA, Blair NF, Sheridan J,
Farley A, Wilson L, Manley NR and Blackburn CC: Functional evidence
for a single endodermal origin for the thymic epithelium. Nat
Immunol. 5:546–553. 2004.PubMed/NCBI View
Article : Google Scholar
|
|
24
|
Farley AM, Morris LX, Vroegindeweij E,
Depreter ML, Vaidya H, Stenhouse FH, Tomlinson SR, Anderson RA,
Cupedo T, Cornelissen JJ and Blackburn CC: Dynamics of thymus
organogenesis and colonization in early human development.
Development. 140:2015–2026. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
25
|
Von Gaudecker B: Functional histology of
the human thymus. Anat Embryol (Berf). 183:1–15. 1991.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
26
|
Hince M, Sakkal S, Vlahos K, Dudakov J,
Boyd R and Chidgey A: The role of sex steroids and gonadectomy in
the control of thymic involution. Cell Immunol. 252:122–138.
2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
27
|
Olsen NJ, Olson G, Viselli SM, Gu X and
Kovacs WJ: Androgen receptors in thymic epithelium modulate thymus
size and thymocyte development. Endocrinology. 142:1278–1283.
2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
28
|
Williams KM, Lucas PJ, Bare CV, Wang J,
Chu YW, Tayler E, Kapoor V and Gress RE: CCL25 increases
thymopoiesis after androgen withdrawal. Blood. 112:3255–3263.
2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
|
29
|
Li L, Bahtiyar MO, Buhimschi CS, Zou L,
Zhou QC and Copel JA: Assessment of the fetal thymus by two- and
three-dimensional ultrasound during normal human gestation and in
fetuses with congenital heart defects. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol.
37:404–409. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View
Article : Google Scholar
|
|
30
|
Cho JY, Min JY, Lee YH, McCrindle B,
Hornberger LK and Yoo SJ: Diameter of the normal fetal thymus on
ultrasound. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 29:634–638. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View
Article : Google Scholar
|
|
31
|
El-Haieg DO, Zidan AA and El-Nemr MM: The
relationship between sonographic fetal thymus size and the
components of the systemic fetal inflammatory response syndrome in
women with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes. BJOG.
115:836–841. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar
|
