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Evaluation of immune‑biomarker expression in high‑grade soft‑tissue sarcoma: HLA‑DQA1 expression as a prognostic marker

  • Authors:
    • Jung Yun Bae
    • Kyung Un Choi
    • Ahrong Kim
    • So Jung Lee
    • Kyungbin Kim
    • Jee Yeon Kim
    • In Sook Lee
    • So Hak Chung
    • Jeung Il Kim
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan‑si, Gyeongsangnam‑do 50612, Republic of Korea, Department of Pathology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea, Department of Pathology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan‑si, Gyeongsangnam‑do 50612, Republic of Korea, Department of Radiology, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan 49267, Republic of Korea, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan 49241, Republic of Korea
    Copyright: © Bae et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 107
    |
    Published online on: September 18, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9225
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Abstract

High‑grade soft‑tissue sarcoma (STS) is a highly malignant neoplasm with a poor overall prognosis. Numerous prognostic factors determine tumor progression and patient outcomes. Various immune‑associated cells identified in the tumor microenvironment have important roles in various tumor types. The present study was performed to evaluate the expression of immune‑associated genes and to elucidate the association between these genes and the prognosis in high‑grade STS. A total of 12 formalin‑fixed, paraffin‑embedded tissue samples of high‑grade STS were subjected to gene expression analysis using the NanoString nCounter® System and another 35 samples were used for immunohistochemistry. For comparative analysis, the patients were divided into two groups according to overall survival (OS). The expression levels of 770 genes were first analyzed using the nCounter® PanCancer Immune Profiling Panel. Immunohistochemistry was then performed for the most significantly altered genes. Subsequently, the association between gene expression and prognosis of high‑grade STS was evaluated. Of the 770 immune‑associated genes analyzed, several genes were identified as being differentially expressed between the two groups. Based on gene expression levels and fold change, 13 representative genes were identified; 7 of the 13 candidate genes (C3, CD36, DOCK9, FCER2, FOS, HLA‑DRB4 and NCAM1) were significantly overexpressed in the poor prognosis group, while the other 6 immune‑associated genes (BIRC5, DUSP4, FOXP3, HLA‑DQA1, HLA‑DQB1 and LAG3) were increased in the good prognosis group. By immunohistochemistry, the expression of the 13 immune‑associated genes was confirmed to be significantly different between the two groups. Expression of HLA‑DQA1, HLA‑DQB1 and HLA‑DRB4 was observed in 74.3, 34.3 and 48.6% of tumors, respectively. HLA‑DQA1 and HLA‑DQB1 were significantly decreased, whereas HLA‑DRB4 was significantly increased in the poor prognosis group. Of note, expression of HLA‑DQA1 was associated with a significantly longer OS (P=0.028). In conclusion, HLA‑DQA1 expression was significantly associated with long‑term survival and may therefore be an immune biomarker for good prognosis in high‑grade STS.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Bae J, Choi K, Kim A, Lee S, Kim K, Kim J, Lee I, Chung S and Kim J: Evaluation of immune‑biomarker expression in high‑grade soft‑tissue sarcoma: HLA‑DQA1 expression as a prognostic marker. Exp Ther Med 20: 107, 2020.
APA
Bae, J., Choi, K., Kim, A., Lee, S., Kim, K., Kim, J. ... Kim, J. (2020). Evaluation of immune‑biomarker expression in high‑grade soft‑tissue sarcoma: HLA‑DQA1 expression as a prognostic marker. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 20, 107. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9225
MLA
Bae, J., Choi, K., Kim, A., Lee, S., Kim, K., Kim, J., Lee, I., Chung, S., Kim, J."Evaluation of immune‑biomarker expression in high‑grade soft‑tissue sarcoma: HLA‑DQA1 expression as a prognostic marker". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 20.5 (2020): 107.
Chicago
Bae, J., Choi, K., Kim, A., Lee, S., Kim, K., Kim, J., Lee, I., Chung, S., Kim, J."Evaluation of immune‑biomarker expression in high‑grade soft‑tissue sarcoma: HLA‑DQA1 expression as a prognostic marker". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 20, no. 5 (2020): 107. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9225
Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Bae J, Choi K, Kim A, Lee S, Kim K, Kim J, Lee I, Chung S and Kim J: Evaluation of immune‑biomarker expression in high‑grade soft‑tissue sarcoma: HLA‑DQA1 expression as a prognostic marker. Exp Ther Med 20: 107, 2020.
APA
Bae, J., Choi, K., Kim, A., Lee, S., Kim, K., Kim, J. ... Kim, J. (2020). Evaluation of immune‑biomarker expression in high‑grade soft‑tissue sarcoma: HLA‑DQA1 expression as a prognostic marker. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 20, 107. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9225
MLA
Bae, J., Choi, K., Kim, A., Lee, S., Kim, K., Kim, J., Lee, I., Chung, S., Kim, J."Evaluation of immune‑biomarker expression in high‑grade soft‑tissue sarcoma: HLA‑DQA1 expression as a prognostic marker". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 20.5 (2020): 107.
Chicago
Bae, J., Choi, K., Kim, A., Lee, S., Kim, K., Kim, J., Lee, I., Chung, S., Kim, J."Evaluation of immune‑biomarker expression in high‑grade soft‑tissue sarcoma: HLA‑DQA1 expression as a prognostic marker". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 20, no. 5 (2020): 107. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9225
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