<em>Aldh2</em> gene reduces oxidative stress in the bladder by regulating the NF‑&kappa;B pathway in a mouse model of ketamine‑induced cystitis

Xi,Xiao Jian; Chen,Shao Hua; Mi,Hua

doi:10.3892/etm.2020.9239

Aldh2 gene reduces oxidative stress in the bladder by regulating the NF‑κB pathway in a mouse model of ketamine‑induced cystitis

Authors:
- Xiao Jian Xi
- Shao Hua Chen
- Hua Mi
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Affiliations: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, P.R. China
Published online on: September 18, 2020 https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9239
Article Number: 111
Copyright: © Xi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (aldh2) serves an important role in the development of organ injury. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of aldh2 on the oxidative stress response in a mouse model of ketamine‑induced cystitis (KIC). A total of 60 8‑week‑old male Institute of Cancer Research wild‑type (WT) mice and 45 aldh2 knock‑out (KO) mice were randomized to receive low‑dose ketamine (30 mg/kg), high‑dose ketamine (60 mg/kg) or normal saline (controls). At 4, 8 and 12 weeks post‑injection, bladder tissues were harvested and used to investigate the protective mechanisms of aldh2 on bladder function. The results demonstrated that aldh2 KO mice exhibited significant weight loss following chronic ketamine injection compared with that in WT mice. Furthermore, ketamine treatment increased the urination rate (P<0.05), pathological score (P<0.05), levels of the oxidative stress product malondialdehyde (P<0.05) in addition to reducing the expression of the anti‑oxidative stress enzyme superoxide dismutase (P<0.05) and glutathione‑SH (P<0.05). Oxidative stress in aldh2 KO mice was also found to significantly enhance the expression of proteins associated with the NF‑κB signaling pathway, which promoted the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (P<0.05) and cyclooxygenase‑2 (P<0.05) further. Finally, aldh2 KO mice demonstrated higher severity of fibrosis in the submucosal and muscular layers of the bladder. In conclusion, the present study suggests that aldh2 serves a protective role in preventing inflammation and fibrosis in KIC.

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