Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
December-2020 Volume 20 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
December-2020 Volume 20 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical stimulation combined with artificial tears for the treatment of dry eye: A randomized controlled trial

  • Authors:
    • Ming-Ming Cai
    • Jie Zhang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Ophthalmology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400700, P.R. China, Department of Urology, The Ninth People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing 400700, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Cai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 175
    |
    Published online on: October 9, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9305
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

There is currently no available cure or universally effective treatment for dry eye (DE). The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinical efficacy of transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) combined with artificial tears in treating DE. Patients diagnosed with DE were referred for therapy with TES combined with sodium hyaluronate (SH)‑containing artificial tears. A total of 52 patients (104 eyes) with DE were enrolled in this randomized controlled trial. The patients were randomized 1:1 to the TES + SH or SH group. The patients in the TES + SH group were treated with 20 sessions (5 sessions per week for 4 weeks), and each session lasted for 20 min. The treatment was continued for 4 weeks in all cases. The Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI), tear film breakup time (BUT), Schirmer's I test and corneal fluorescein scores were used to assess treatment efficacy. A total of 90 eyes of 45 patients completed all aspects of the study: 22 patients (44 eyes) in the TES + SH group and 23 patients (46 eyes) in the SH group. There was no statistically significant difference in sex, age or course between the two groups. The mean OSDI scores, BUT, Schirmer's I test and corneal fluorescein scores exhibited a significant improvement in the TES + SH group compared with the SH group after treatment. No serious adverse events were recorded during TES treatment. In conclusion, TES combined with artificial tears appeared to be an effective treatment for DE. Therefore, TES may represent a new therapeutic option with promising potential applications.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

View References

1 

Craig JP, Nichols KK, Akpek EK, Caffery B, Dua HS, Joo CK, Liu Z, Nelson JD, Nichols JJ, Tsubota K and Stapleton F: TFOS DEWS II defnition and classifcation report. Ocul Surf. 15:276–283. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Merayo-Lloves J, Sanchez-Avila RM, Riestra AC, Anitua E, Begoña L, Orive G and Fernandez-Vega L: Safety and efficacy of autologous plasma rich in growth factors eye drops for the treatment of evaporative dry eye. Ophthalmic Res. 56:68–73. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

García-Conca V, Abad-Collado M, Hueso-Abancens JR, Mengual-Verdú E, Piñero DP, Aguirre-Balsalobre F and Molina JC: Efficacy and safety of treatment of hyposecretory dry eye with platelet-rich plasma. Acta Ophthalmol. 97:e170–e178. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Friedman NJ, Butron K, Robledo N, Loudin J, Baba SN and Chayet A: A nonrandomized, open-label study to evaluate the effect of nasal stimulation on tear production in subjects with dry eye disease. Clin Ophthalmol. 10:795–804. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Kossler AL, Wang J, Feuer W and Tse DT: Neurostimulation of the lacrimal nerve for enhanced tear production. Ophthal Plast Reconstr Surg. 31:145–151. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Rosenthal P and Borsook D: The corneal pain system Part I: The missing piece of the dry eye puzzle. Ocul Surf. 10:2–14. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Sivanesan E, Levitt RC, Sarantopoulos CD, Patin D and Galor A: Noninvasive electrical stimulation for the treatment of chronic ocular pain and photophobia. Neuromodulation. 21:727–734. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Gofeld M: New horizons in neuromodulation. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 18(397)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Goroszeniuk T and Pang D: Peripheral neuromodulation: A review. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 18(412)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Kacker R, Lay A and Das A: Electrical and mechanical offce-based neuromodulation. Urol Clin North Am. 40:581–589. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Luan S, Williams I, Nikolic K and Constandinou TG: Neuromodulation: Present and emerging methods. Front Neuroeng. 7(27)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Park C, Choi JB, Lee YS, Chang HS, Shin CS, Kim S and Han DW: The effect of intra-operative transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on posterior neck pain following thyroidectomy. Anaesthesia. 70:434–439. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Santana LS, Gallo RB, Ferreira CH, Duarte G, Quintana SM and Marcolin AC: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) reduces pain and postpones the need for pharmacological analgesia during labour: A randomised trial. J Physiother. 62:29–34. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Engen DJ, Carns PE, Allen MS, Bauer BA, Loehrer LL, Cha SS, Chartrand CM, Eggler EJ, Cutshall SM and Wahner-Roedler DL: Evaluating efficacy and feasibility of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for postoperative pain after video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery: A randomized pilot trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 23:141–148. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Rakel BA, Zimmerman MB, Geasland K, Embree J, Clark CR, Noiseux NO, Callaghan JJ, Herr K, Walsh D and Sluka KA: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for the control of pain during rehabilitation after total knee arthroplasty: A randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Pain. 155:2599–2611. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Whitacre MM: The effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on ocular pain. Ophthalmic Surg. 22:462–466. 1991.PubMed/NCBI

17 

Ghaffariyeh A, Peyman A, Puyan S, Honarpisheh N, Bagheri B and Peyman M: Evaluation of transcutaneous electrical simulation to improve recovery from corneal hypoesthesia after LASIK. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 247:1133–1138. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Pedrotti E, Bosello F, Fasolo A, Frigo AC, Marchesoni I, Ruggeri A and Marchini G: Transcutaneous periorbital electrical stimulation in the treatment of dry eye. Br J Ophthalmol. 101:814–819. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Pall ML: Electromagnetic fields act via activation of voltage-gated calcium channels to produce beneficial or adverse effects. J Cell Mol Med. 17:958–965. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Amparo F, Schaumberg DA and Dana R: Comparison of two questionnaires for dry eye symptom assessment: The ocular surface disease index and the symptom assessment in dry eye. Ophthalmology. 122:1498–1503. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Lemp MA: Report of the national eye institute/industry workshop on clinical trials in dry eyes. CLAO J. 21:221–232. 1995.PubMed/NCBI

22 

Sook Chun Y and Park IK: Reliability of 4 clinical grading systems for corneal staining. Am J Ophthalmol. 157:1097–1102. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Cohn GS, Corbett D, Tenen A, Coroneo M, McAlister J, Craig JP, Gray T, Kent D, Murray N, Petsoglou C, et al: Randomized, controlled, double-masked, multicenter, pilot study evaluating safety and effificacy of intranasal neurostimulation for dry eye disease. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 60:147–153. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Gumus K and Pflugfelder SC: Intranasal tear neurostimulation: an emerging concept in the treatment of dry eye. Int Ophthalmol Clin. 57:101–108. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Pattar GR, Jerkins G, Evans DG, Torkildsen GL, Ousle GW, Hollander DA, Holdbrook M and Senchyna M: Symptom improvement in dry eye subjects following intranasal tear neurostimulation: Results of two studies utilizing a controlled adverse environment. Ocul Surf. 18:249–257. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Farhangi M, Cheng AM, Baksh B, Sarantopoulos CD, Felix ER, Levitt RC and Galor A: Effect of non-invasive intranasal neurostimulation on tear volume, dryness and ocular pain. Br J Ophthalmol. 104:1310–1316. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Ozcura F, Aydin S and Helvaci MR: Ocular surface disease index for the diagnosis of dry eye syndrome. Ocul Immunol Inflamm. 15:389–393. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Schiffman RM, Christianson MD, Jacobsen G, Hirsch JD and Reis BL: Reliability and validity of the ocular surface disease index. Arch Ophthalmol. 118:615–621. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Chiou YF, Yeh ML and Wang YJ: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on acupuncture points improves myofascial pain, moods, and sleep quality. Rehabil Nurs. 45:225–233. 2020.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Galor A, Levitt RC, Felix ER, Martin ER and Sarantopoulos CD: Neuropathic ocular pain: An important yet underevaluated feature of dry eye. Eye (Lond). 29:301–312. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Ainsworth L, Budelier K, Clinesmith M, Fiedler A, Landstrom R, Leeper BJ, Moeller L, Mutch S, O'Dell K, Ross J, et al: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) reduces chronic hyperalgesia induced by muscle inflammation. Pain. 120:182–187. 2006.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Grover CA, McKernan MP and Close RJH: Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS) in the emergency department for painrelief: A preliminary study of feasibility and efficacy. West J Emerg Med. 19:872–876. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Gozani SN: Fixed site high-frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for treatment of chronic low back and lower extremity pain. J Pain Res. 9:469–479. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Zhu Y, Feng Y and Peng L: Effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for pain control after total knee arthroplasty: A systematic review and meta analysis. J Rehabil Med. 49:700–704. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Garrison DW and Foreman RD: Decreased activity of spontaneous and noxiously evoked dorsal horn cells during transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS). Pain. 58:309–315. 1994.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Dieckmann G, Fregni F and Hamrah P: Neurostimulation in dry eye disease-past, present, and future. Ocul Surf. 17:20–27. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Cai M and Zhang J: Effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical stimulation combined with artificial tears for the treatment of dry eye: A randomized controlled trial. Exp Ther Med 20: 175, 2020.
APA
Cai, M., & Zhang, J. (2020). Effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical stimulation combined with artificial tears for the treatment of dry eye: A randomized controlled trial. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 20, 175. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9305
MLA
Cai, M., Zhang, J."Effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical stimulation combined with artificial tears for the treatment of dry eye: A randomized controlled trial". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 20.6 (2020): 175.
Chicago
Cai, M., Zhang, J."Effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical stimulation combined with artificial tears for the treatment of dry eye: A randomized controlled trial". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 20, no. 6 (2020): 175. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9305
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Cai M and Zhang J: Effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical stimulation combined with artificial tears for the treatment of dry eye: A randomized controlled trial. Exp Ther Med 20: 175, 2020.
APA
Cai, M., & Zhang, J. (2020). Effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical stimulation combined with artificial tears for the treatment of dry eye: A randomized controlled trial. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 20, 175. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9305
MLA
Cai, M., Zhang, J."Effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical stimulation combined with artificial tears for the treatment of dry eye: A randomized controlled trial". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 20.6 (2020): 175.
Chicago
Cai, M., Zhang, J."Effectiveness of transcutaneous electrical stimulation combined with artificial tears for the treatment of dry eye: A randomized controlled trial". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 20, no. 6 (2020): 175. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9305
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team