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Article

Cholinergic receptors play a role in the cardioprotective effects of anesthetic preconditioning: Roles of nitric oxide and the CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway

  • Authors:
    • Yang Yang
    • Ying Li
    • Jie Wang
    • Lei Hong
    • Shigang Qiao
    • Chen Wang
    • Jianzhong An
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Anesthesiology, Wujiang Hospital Affiliated to Nantong University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215200, P.R. China, Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China, Institute of Clinical Medicine Research, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215153, P.R. China
  • Article Number: 137
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    Published online on: December 14, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9569
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Abstract

Vagus nerve activation may have important therapeutic significance for myocardial ischemia‑reperfusion (IR) injury. Nitric oxide (NO) plays a vital role in the cardioprotective effects of anesthetic preconditioning (APC). Moreover, acetylcholine (ACh) prevents cardiomyocyte damage by activating AMP‑activated protein kinase (AMPK) and increasing the phosphorylation of Ca2+/calmodulin‑dependent protein kinase β (CaMKKβ). The aim of the present study was to determine whether APC could protect heart function by antagonizing IR damage via the cholinergic system. It was hypothesized that the NO synthase (NOS)/CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway might be involved in the cardioprotective effects induced by cholinergic receptor activation. Isolated rat hearts were subjected to ischemia for 30 min followed by 120 min of reperfusion. Volatile anesthetic sevoflurane (3.5%) was administered for 15 min before ischemia, then rinsed for 15 min. The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) antagonist atropine (ATR; 100 nM) and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) antagonist hexamethonium (HEM; 50 µM) were administered 10 min before APC. Both mAChR and nAChR were involved in APC‑induced cardioprotection. ATR and HEM treatment both abolished the protective effects of APC on IR damage in isolated hearts, demonstrating the importance of cholinergic receptors in the protection mechanism of APC. The present study thus suggests that APC plays a cardioprotective role, in part, by regulating neurohumoral pathways. In addition, there may be functional coupling between the two cholinergic receptors, and the NOS and CaMKKβ/AMPK pathways may play roles in shared pathways that mediate the cardioprotective effects of APC. These findings may provide insight into potential new mechanisms of APC‑induced cardioprotection against IR injury.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yang Y, Li Y, Wang J, Hong L, Qiao S, Wang C and An J: Cholinergic receptors play a role in the cardioprotective effects of anesthetic preconditioning: Roles of nitric oxide and the CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway. Exp Ther Med 21: 137, 2021.
APA
Yang, Y., Li, Y., Wang, J., Hong, L., Qiao, S., Wang, C., & An, J. (2021). Cholinergic receptors play a role in the cardioprotective effects of anesthetic preconditioning: Roles of nitric oxide and the CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 21, 137. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9569
MLA
Yang, Y., Li, Y., Wang, J., Hong, L., Qiao, S., Wang, C., An, J."Cholinergic receptors play a role in the cardioprotective effects of anesthetic preconditioning: Roles of nitric oxide and the CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21.2 (2021): 137.
Chicago
Yang, Y., Li, Y., Wang, J., Hong, L., Qiao, S., Wang, C., An, J."Cholinergic receptors play a role in the cardioprotective effects of anesthetic preconditioning: Roles of nitric oxide and the CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21, no. 2 (2021): 137. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9569
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yang Y, Li Y, Wang J, Hong L, Qiao S, Wang C and An J: Cholinergic receptors play a role in the cardioprotective effects of anesthetic preconditioning: Roles of nitric oxide and the CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway. Exp Ther Med 21: 137, 2021.
APA
Yang, Y., Li, Y., Wang, J., Hong, L., Qiao, S., Wang, C., & An, J. (2021). Cholinergic receptors play a role in the cardioprotective effects of anesthetic preconditioning: Roles of nitric oxide and the CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 21, 137. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9569
MLA
Yang, Y., Li, Y., Wang, J., Hong, L., Qiao, S., Wang, C., An, J."Cholinergic receptors play a role in the cardioprotective effects of anesthetic preconditioning: Roles of nitric oxide and the CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21.2 (2021): 137.
Chicago
Yang, Y., Li, Y., Wang, J., Hong, L., Qiao, S., Wang, C., An, J."Cholinergic receptors play a role in the cardioprotective effects of anesthetic preconditioning: Roles of nitric oxide and the CaMKKβ/AMPK pathway". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21, no. 2 (2021): 137. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2020.9569
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