Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
June-2021 Volume 21 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
June-2021 Volume 21 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML

  • Supplementary Files
    • Supplementary_Data.pdf
Article Open Access

Secreted frizzled‑related protein 4 promotes brown adipocyte differentiation

  • Authors:
    • Hua Guan
    • Huiyuan Zheng
    • Jin Zhang
    • Aoqi Xiang
    • Yongxin Li
    • Huadong Zheng
    • Lixian Xu
    • Enqi Liu
    • Qi Yu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases and Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, P.R. China, Preventive Dentistry, The Fourth Military Medical University Stomatological Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China, Department of Anesthesiology, The Fourth Military Medical University Stomatological Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710032, P.R. China, Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Guan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 637
    |
    Published online on: April 15, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10069
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Secreted frizzled‑related protein 4 (SFRP4) is a member of the SFRP family that contains a cysteine‑rich domain homologous to the putative Wnt‑binding site of frizzled proteins. In the present report, the effects of SFRP4 on murine brown adipocyte differentiation were evaluated, which exhibited an intrinsic capacity to differentiate with high efficiency. Brown preadipocytes were isolated from the scapular region of brown adipose tissue, which showed that the overexpression of recombinant active SFRP4 protein at three concentrations (1, 10 and 100 ng/ml) significantly increased the expression of adipocyte differentiation‑associated genes (C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, UCP‑1, PRDM16, PGC1α and GLUT4) in a dose‑dependent manner compared with the control group. Secondly, adiponectin protein expression was significantly inhibited in a dose‑independent manner, while leptin was increased in brown adipocytes by incubation with the high concentration (100 ng/ml) of SFRP4. Thirdly, the role of interleukin‑1β (IL‑1β) was investigated in brown adipocytes and discovered that IL‑1β cannot induce SFRP4 mRNA expression in brown adipocytes, similar to human islet cells. These data suggested that SFRP4‑treated brown adipocytes represent a valuable in vitro model for the study of adipogenesis and indicated that SFRP4 served various functions during brown adipocyte differentiation.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

View References

1 

Murawska-Cialowicz E: Adipose tissue-morphological and biochemical characteristic of different depots. Postepy Hig Med Dosw (Online). 71:466–484. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Cinti S: The adipose organ at a glance. Dis Model Mech. 5:588–594. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Ibrahim MM: Subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue: Structural and functional differences. Obes Rev. 11:11–18. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Marlatt KL and Ravussin E: Brown adipose tissue: An update on recent findings. Curr Obes Rep. 6:389–396. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Yu Q, Wang F, Meng X, Gong Y, Wang Y, Xu C and Wang S: Short-term use of atorvastatin affects glucose homeostasis and suppresses the expression of LDL receptors in the pancreas of mice. Mol Med Rep. 18:2780–2788. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Virtanen KA, Lidell ME, Orava J, Heglind M, Westergren R, Niemi T, Taittonen M, Laine J, Savisto NJ, Enerbäck S and Nuutila P: Functional brown adipose tissue in healthy adults. N Engl J Med. 360:1518–1525. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Ode KL, Frohnert BI and Nathan BM: Identification and treatment of metabolic complications in pediatric obesity. Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 10:167–188. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Pawar NM and Rao P: Secreted frizzled related protein 4 (sFRP4) update: A brief review. Cell Signal. 45:63–70. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Mastaitis J, Eckersdorff M, Min S, Xin Y, Cavino K, Aglione J, Okamoto H, Na E, Stitt T, Dominguez MG, et al: Loss of SFRP4 alters body size, food intake and energy expenditure in diet-induced obese male mice. Endocrinology. 156:4502–4510. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Liu F, Qu H, Li Y, Tang Q, Yang Z, Wang H and Deng H: Relationship between serum secreted frizzled-related protein 4 levels and the first-phase of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in individuals with different glucose tolerance. Endocr J. 62:733–740. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Mahdi T, Hänzelmann S, Salehi A, Muhammed SJ, Reinbothe TM, Tang Y, Axelsson AS, Zhou Y, Jing X, Almgren P, et al: Secreted frizzled-related protein 4 reduces insulin secretion and is overexpressed in type 2 diabetes. Cell Metab. 16:625–633. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Li XJ, Yang H, Li GX, Zhang GH, Cheng J, Guan H and Yang GS: Transcriptome profile analysis of porcine adipose tissue by high-throughput sequencing. Anim Genet. 43:144–152. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Guan H, Zhang Y, Gao S, Bai L, Zhao S, Cheng XW, Fan J and Liu E: Differential patterns of secreted frizzled-related protein 4 (SFRP4) in adipocyte differentiation: Adipose depot specificity. Cell Physiol Biochem. 46:2149–2164. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

14 

Gao W, Kong X and Yang Q: Isolation, primary culture, and differentiation of preadipocytes from mouse brown adipose tissue. Methods Mol Biol. 1566:3–8. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Barthold SW, Bayne KA, Davis MA, Everitt JI, Fox JG, Garnett NL, Gauda EB, Kemnitz JW, Clark JAM, McClintock MK, et al: Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. 8th edition. National Institutes of Health (NIH), 2008.

16 

Frontini A and Cinti S: Distribution and development of brown adipocytes in the murine and human adipose organ. Cell Metab. 11:253–256. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Alomar SY, Zaibi MS, Kępczyńska MA, Gentili A, Alkhuriji A, Mansour L, Dar JA and Trayhurn P: PCR array and protein array studies demonstrate that IL-1β (interleukin-1β) stimulates the expression and secretion of multiple cytokines and chemokines in human adipocytes. Arch Physiol Biochem. 121:187–193. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Withrow D and Alter DA: The economic burden of obesity worldwide: A systematic review of the direct costs of obesity. Obes Rev. 12:131–141. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Hankir MK: Loading and firing the brown adipocyte. Adipocyte. 7:4–11. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Giralt M and Villarroya F: White, brown, beige/brite: Different adipose cells for different functions? Endocrinology. 154:2992–3000. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

21 

Xiong W, Zhao X, Villacorta L, Rom O, Garcia-Barrio MT, Guo Y, Fan Y, Zhu T, Zhang J, Zeng R, et al: Brown adipocyte-specific PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ) deletion impairs perivascular adipose tissue development and enhances atherosclerosis in mice. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 38:1738–1747. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Scheideler M, Herzig S and Georgiadi A: Endocrine and autocrine/paracrine modulators of brown adipose tissue mass and activity as novel therapeutic strategies against obesity and type 2 diabetes. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig: Aug 29, 2017 (Epub ahead of print). doi: 10.1515/hmbci-2017-0043.

23 

White JD, Dewal RS and Stanford KI: The beneficial effects of brown adipose tissue transplantation. Mol Aspects Med. 68:74–81. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Villarroya F, Cereijo R, Villarroya J and Giralt M: Brown adipose tissue as a secretory organ. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 13:26–35. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Tsai YS and Maeda N: PPARgamma: A critical determinant of body fat distribution in humans and mice. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 15:81–85. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

26 

Nedergaard J, Petrovic N, Lindgren EM, Jacobsson A and Cannon B: PPARgamma in the control of brown adipocyte differentiation. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1740:293–304. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Ramji DP and Foka P: CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteins: Structure, function and regulation. Biochem J. 365:561–575. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Yubero P, Manchado C, Cassard-Doulcier AM, Mampel T, Vinas O, Iglesias R, Giralt M and Villarroya F: CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins alpha and beta are transcriptional activators of the brown fat uncoupling protein gene promoter. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 198:653–659. 1994.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Seale P, Kajimura S, Yang W, Chin S, Rohas LM, Uldry M, Tavernier G, Langin D and Spiegelman BM: Transcriptional control of brown fat determination by PRDM16. Cell Meta. 6:38–54. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

30 

Puigserver P, Wu Z, Park CW, Graves R, Wright M and Spiegelman BM: A cold-inducible coactivator of nuclear receptors linked to adaptive thermogenesis. Cell. 92:829–839. 1998.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Tiraby C, Tavernier G, Lefort C, Larrouy D, Bouillaud F, Ricquier D and Langin D: Acquirement of brown fat cell features by human white adipocytes. J Biol Chem. 278:33370–33376. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Kiess W, Petzold S, Töpfer M, Garten A, Blüher S, Kapellen T, Körner A and Kratzsch J: Adipocytes and adipose tissue. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab. 22:135–153. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Jash S, Banerjee S, Lee MJ, Farmer SR and Puri V: CIDEA transcriptionally regulates UCP1 for britening and thermogenesis in human fat cells. iScience. 20:73–89. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Villarroya J, Cereijo R, Gavalda-Navarro A, Peyrou M, Giralt M and Villarroya F: New insights into the secretory functions of brown adipose tissue. J Endocrinol. 243:R19–R27. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Paz G, Mastronardi CA and Licinio J: Leptin treatment: Facts and expectations. Metabolism. 64:146–156. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Wang J, Ge J, Cao H, Zhang X, Guo Y, Li X, Xia B, Yang G and Shi X: Leptin promotes white adipocyte browning by inhibiting the HH signaling pathway. Cells. 8(372)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Pandit R, Beerens S and Adan RAH: Role of leptin in energy expenditure: The hypothalamic perspective. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 312:R938–R947. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Qiao L, Yoo HS, Bosco C, Lee B, Feng GS, Schaack J, Chi NW and Shao J: Adiponectin reduces thermogenesis by inhibiting brown adipose tissue activation in mice. Diabetologia. 57:1027–1036. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Song G, Zong C, Zhang Z, Yu Y, Yao S, Jiao P, Tian H, Zhai L, Zhao H, Tian S, et al: Molecular hydrogen stabilizes atherosclerotic plaque in low-density lipoprotein receptor-knockout mice. Free Radic Biol Med. 87:58–68. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Jing L, Wang Y, Zhao XM, Zhao B, Han JJ, Qin SC and Sun XJ: Cardioprotective effect of hydrogen-rich saline on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in rats. Heart Lung Circ. 24:602–610. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Stolarczyk E: Adipose tissue inflammation in obesity: A metabolic or immune response? Curr Opin Pharmacol. 37:35–40. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

42 

Villarroya F, Cereijo R, Gavalda-Navarro A, Villarroya J and Giralt M: Inflammation of brown/beige adipose tissues in obesity and metabolic disease. J Intern Med. 284:492–504. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

43 

Nøhr MK, Bobba N, Richelsen B, Lund S and Pedersen SB: Inflammation downregulates UCP1 expression in brown adipocytes potentially via SIRT1 and DBC1 interaction. Int J Mol Sci. 18(1006)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Goto T, Naknukool S, Yoshitake R, Hanafusa Y, Tokiwa S, Li Y, Sakamoto T, Nitta T, Kim M, Takahashi N, et al: Proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1β suppresses cold-induced thermogenesis in adipocytes. Cytokine. 77:107–114. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Guan H, Zheng H, Zhang J, Xiang A, Li Y, Zheng H, Xu L, Liu E and Yu Q: Secreted frizzled‑related protein 4 promotes brown adipocyte differentiation. Exp Ther Med 21: 637, 2021.
APA
Guan, H., Zheng, H., Zhang, J., Xiang, A., Li, Y., Zheng, H. ... Yu, Q. (2021). Secreted frizzled‑related protein 4 promotes brown adipocyte differentiation. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 21, 637. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10069
MLA
Guan, H., Zheng, H., Zhang, J., Xiang, A., Li, Y., Zheng, H., Xu, L., Liu, E., Yu, Q."Secreted frizzled‑related protein 4 promotes brown adipocyte differentiation". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21.6 (2021): 637.
Chicago
Guan, H., Zheng, H., Zhang, J., Xiang, A., Li, Y., Zheng, H., Xu, L., Liu, E., Yu, Q."Secreted frizzled‑related protein 4 promotes brown adipocyte differentiation". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21, no. 6 (2021): 637. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10069
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Guan H, Zheng H, Zhang J, Xiang A, Li Y, Zheng H, Xu L, Liu E and Yu Q: Secreted frizzled‑related protein 4 promotes brown adipocyte differentiation. Exp Ther Med 21: 637, 2021.
APA
Guan, H., Zheng, H., Zhang, J., Xiang, A., Li, Y., Zheng, H. ... Yu, Q. (2021). Secreted frizzled‑related protein 4 promotes brown adipocyte differentiation. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 21, 637. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10069
MLA
Guan, H., Zheng, H., Zhang, J., Xiang, A., Li, Y., Zheng, H., Xu, L., Liu, E., Yu, Q."Secreted frizzled‑related protein 4 promotes brown adipocyte differentiation". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21.6 (2021): 637.
Chicago
Guan, H., Zheng, H., Zhang, J., Xiang, A., Li, Y., Zheng, H., Xu, L., Liu, E., Yu, Q."Secreted frizzled‑related protein 4 promotes brown adipocyte differentiation". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21, no. 6 (2021): 637. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.10069
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team