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Review

Primary hyperparathyroidism-related giant parathyroid adenoma (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Adina Ghemigian
    • Alexandra Ioana Trandafir
    • Eugenia Petrova
    • Mara Carsote
    • Ana Valea
    • Alexandru Filipescu
    • Ana-Maria Oproiu
    • Florica Sandru
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Endocrinology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Endocrinology, ‘C.I. Parhon’ National Institute of Endocrinology, 011863 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Endocrinology, ‘I. Hatieganu’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj‑Napoca, Romania, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Dermatology, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
  • Article Number: 88
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    Published online on: November 26, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.11011
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Abstract

Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), an endocrine condition caused by a parathyroid adenoma (PTA) in 80‑85% of the cases, has shifted in the modern era to a mildly symptomatic phenotype due to the prompt recognition of hypercalcemia and to a minimally invasive surgical approach which has a curative potential. Clinical complications of PHTH are either related to high calcium or parathyroid hormone [also parathormone (PTH)] or both, while the originating tumor typically is small, without local mass effects. A distinct entity is represented by giant PTA (GPTA) which is considered at a weight of more than 3 (3.5) grams. The present article is a review of the literature involving practical points of non‑syndromic PHPT‑related GPTA. Most authors agree that pre‑operatory calcium and PTH are higher in GPTA vs. non‑GPTA. However, the clinical presentation of PHPT may be less severe, probably due to local mass effects that bring the patient to an early medical evaluation. Age distribution, sex ratio, rate of successful pre‑operatory location do not differ from non‑giant PTA. Hypovitaminosis D is more frequent in PTA of higher dimensions. Post‑operative hypocalcemia, but not recurrent/persistent PHPT, is expected, even hungry bone disease. A higher rate of atypia is described although the tumor is mostly benign. Unusual presentations such as cystic transformation, initial diagnosis during pregnancy or auto‑infarction have been reported. The ectopic localization of PTA presented in almost 15% of all cases may also be found in GPTA. What are the exact cutoffs for defining GPTA is still an open issue.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Ghemigian A, Trandafir AI, Petrova E, Carsote M, Valea A, Filipescu A, Oproiu A and Sandru F: Primary hyperparathyroidism-related giant parathyroid adenoma (Review). Exp Ther Med 23: 88, 2022.
APA
Ghemigian, A., Trandafir, A.I., Petrova, E., Carsote, M., Valea, A., Filipescu, A. ... Sandru, F. (2022). Primary hyperparathyroidism-related giant parathyroid adenoma (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 23, 88. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.11011
MLA
Ghemigian, A., Trandafir, A. I., Petrova, E., Carsote, M., Valea, A., Filipescu, A., Oproiu, A., Sandru, F."Primary hyperparathyroidism-related giant parathyroid adenoma (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23.1 (2022): 88.
Chicago
Ghemigian, A., Trandafir, A. I., Petrova, E., Carsote, M., Valea, A., Filipescu, A., Oproiu, A., Sandru, F."Primary hyperparathyroidism-related giant parathyroid adenoma (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23, no. 1 (2022): 88. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.11011
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Ghemigian A, Trandafir AI, Petrova E, Carsote M, Valea A, Filipescu A, Oproiu A and Sandru F: Primary hyperparathyroidism-related giant parathyroid adenoma (Review). Exp Ther Med 23: 88, 2022.
APA
Ghemigian, A., Trandafir, A.I., Petrova, E., Carsote, M., Valea, A., Filipescu, A. ... Sandru, F. (2022). Primary hyperparathyroidism-related giant parathyroid adenoma (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 23, 88. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.11011
MLA
Ghemigian, A., Trandafir, A. I., Petrova, E., Carsote, M., Valea, A., Filipescu, A., Oproiu, A., Sandru, F."Primary hyperparathyroidism-related giant parathyroid adenoma (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23.1 (2022): 88.
Chicago
Ghemigian, A., Trandafir, A. I., Petrova, E., Carsote, M., Valea, A., Filipescu, A., Oproiu, A., Sandru, F."Primary hyperparathyroidism-related giant parathyroid adenoma (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 23, no. 1 (2022): 88. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.11011
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