Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-0981 Online ISSN: 1792-1015
Journal Cover
March-2021 Volume 21 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
March-2021 Volume 21 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on perioperative immune function and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing radical mastectomy: A randomized controlled trial

  • Authors:
    • Li Ao
    • Jinlin Shi
    • Yaowu Bai
    • Shan Zhang
    • Jianhui Gan
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Anesthesiology, Tangshan Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China, Department of Anesthesiology, Tangshan People's Hospital and Tangshan Cancer Hospital, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, P.R. China, Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Ao et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 184
    |
    Published online on: January 7, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9615
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Radical mastectomy may lead to suppression of cellular immune function in patients with malignant tumors. Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) is widely used in clinical practice. However, there have been relatively few studies on the effects of TEAS on postoperative analgesia and immune function. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of TAES on postoperative pain and immune function in patients undergoing radical mastectomy. A total of 65 patients were enrolled and allocated to either receive TEAS or sham TEAS. TEAS was implemented on bilateral Hegu (LI4), Neiguan (PC6) and Zusanli (ST36) acupoints simultaneously for 30 min before induction of anesthesia at 4 and 12 h post‑operation. The primary outcomes included visual analogue scale (VAS) scores at 4 h (T1), 12 h  T2), 24 h (T3) and 48 h (T4) post‑operation, and serum levels of IL‑2, IL‑4, IFN‑γ and the IL‑2/IL‑4 ratio at 30 min before TEAS (T0), T1, T2, T3 and T4. Secondary outcomes included the cumulative time of rescue analgesia within 48 h post‑surgery, as well as the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and pruritus. Compared with the sham TEAS group, postoperative VAS scores at T2 and T3, the total consumption of opioids in the patient‑controlled analgesia (PCA) pump, pressing times of the PCA pump and the incidences of PONV and headache were significantly lower in the TEAS group. The serum levels of IFN‑γ at T3 and T4, and the serum levels of IL‑2 and the IL‑2/IL‑4 ratio at T2, T3 and T4 were higher in the TEAS group compared with the sham TEAS group. By contrast, the serum levels of IL‑4 were lower at T2, T3 and T4 in the TEAS group compared with the sham TEAS group. The results indicated that TEAS could improve postoperative analgesia, reduce postoperative consumption of opioids and alleviate postoperative side effects. Simultaneously, TEAS was able to reverse decreased serum levels of IL‑2 and IFN‑γ, reduce the level of IL‑4 and restore the balance of Th1/Th2, thereby partially attenuating perioperative immune function depression in patients with breast cancer. The current trial was registered prior to participant enrollment at www.chictr.org.cn (Clinical Trial no. ChiCTR1800017768).
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Torre LA, Siegel RL, Ward EM and Jemal A: Global cancer incidence and mortality rates and trends-an update. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 25:16–27. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Kurosawa S: Anesthesia in patients with cancer disorders. Curr Opin Anaesthesiol. 25:376–384. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

3 

Neeman E and Ben-Eliyahu S: The perioperative period and promotion of cancer metastasis: New outlooks on mediating mechanisms and immune involvement. Brain Behav Immun. 30 (Suppl):S32–S40. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Green JS and Tsui BC: Impact of anesthesia for cancer surgery: Continuing professional development. Can J Anaesth. 60:1248–1269. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Boland JW, McWilliams K, Ahmedzai SH and Pockley AG: Effects of opioids on immunologic parameters that are relevant to anti-tumour immune potential in patients with cancer: A systematic literature review. Br J Cancer. 111:866–873. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

6 

Cho JS, Lee MH, Kim SI, Park S, Park HS, Oh E, Lee JH and Koo BN: The Effects of perioperative anesthesia and analgesia on immune function in patients undergoing breast cancer resection: A prospective randomized study. Int J Med Sci. 14:970–976. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Bobocea AC, Trandafir B, Bolca C and Cordoş I: Minimally invasive surgery in cancer. Immunological response. Chirurgia (Bucur). 107:154–157. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

8 

Leaver HA, Craig SR, Yap PL and Walker WS: Lymphocyte responses following open and minimally invasive thoracic surgery. Eur J Clin Invest. 30:230–238. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Page GG, Blakely WP and Ben-Eliyahu S: Evidence that postoperative pain is a mediator of the tumor-promoting effects of surgery in rats. Pain. 90:191–199. 2001.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Rawal N: Current issues in postoperative pain management. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 33:160–171. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

11 

Wei G, Moss J and Yuan CS: Opioid-induced immunosuppression: Is it centrally mediated or peripherally mediated? Biochem Pharmacol. 65:1761–1766. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Alonzo NC and Bayer BM: Opioids, immunology, and host defenses of intravenous drug abusers. Infect Dis Clin North Am. 16:553–569. 2002.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

13 

Chiu HY, Hsieh YJ and Tsai PS: Systematic review and meta-analysis of acupuncture to reduce cancer-related pain. Eur J Cancer Care (Engl): Feb 7, 2017 (Epub ahead of print). doi: 10.1111/ecc.12457.

14 

Gavronsky S, Koeniger-Donohue R, Steller J and Hawkins JW: Postoperative pain: Acupuncture versus percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Pain Manag Nurs. 13:150–156. 2012.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

15 

Chernyak GV and Sessler DI: Perioperative acupuncture and related techniques. Anesthesiology. 102:1031–1049. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Yao Y, Zhao Q, Gong C, Wu Y and Chen Y, Qiu L, Wu X and Chen Y: Transcutaneous electrical Acupoint stimulation improves the postoperative quality of recovery and analgesia after gynecological laparoscopic surgery: A randomized controlled trial. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2015(324360)2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

17 

Grech D, Li Z, Morcillo P, Kalyoussef E, Kim DD, Bekker A and Ulloa L: Intraoperative low-frequency electroacupuncture under general anesthesia improves postoperative recovery in a randomized trial. J Acupunct Meridian Stud. 9:234–241. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

18 

Enwere EK, Kornaga EN, Dean M, Koulis TA, Phan T, Kalantarian M, Köbel M, Ghatage P, Magliocco AM, Lees-Miller SP and Doll CM: Expression of PD-L1 and presence of CD8-positive T cells in pre-treatment specimens of locally advanced cervical cancer. Mod Pathol. 30:577–586. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Schreiber RD, Old LJ and Smyth MJ: Cancer immunoediting: Integrating immunity's roles in cancer suppression and promotion. Science. 331:1565–1570. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

20 

Bradley LM, Dalton DK and Croft M: A direct role for IFN-gamma in regulation of Th1 cell development. J Immunol. 157:1350–1358. 1996.PubMed/NCBI

21 

Liao W, Lin JX and Leonard WJ: IL-2 family cytokines: New insights into the complex roles of IL-2 as a broad regulator of T helper cell differentiation. Curr Opin Immunol. 23:598–604. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Ellyard JI, Simson L and Parish CR: Th2-mediated anti-tumour immunity: Friend or foe? Tissue Antigens. 70:1–11. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Han YF, Zhao J, Ma LY, Yin JH, Chang WJ, Zhang HW and Cao GW: Factors predicting occurrence and prognosis of hepatitis-B-virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol. 17:4258–4270. 2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

24 

International Conference on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Pharmaceuticals for Human Use. ICH Harmonized Tripartite Guideline. [Accessed May 12, 2015]; Guideline for Good Clinical Practice E6(R1) 1996 Available from: http://www.ich.org/fileadmin/Public_Web_Site/ICH_Products/Guidelines/Efficacy/E6/E6_R1_Guideline.pdf.

25 

American Society of Anesthesiologists: ASA physical status classification system. [Accessed 23 Nov 2018] Available from: https://www.asahq.org/resources/ American Society of Anesthesiologists.

26 

Huang S, Peng W, Tian X, Liang H, Jia Z, Lo T, He M and Feng Y: Effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation at different frequencies on perioperative anesthetic dosage, recovery, complications, and prognosis in video-assisted thoracic surgical lobectomy: A randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. J Anesth. 31:58–65. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Tu Q, Gan J, Shi J, Yu H, He S and Zhang J: Effect of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on postoperative analgesia after ureteroscopic lithotripsy: A randomized controlled trial. Urolithiasis. 47:279–287. 2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

28 

Qu F, Li R, Sun W, Lin G, Zhang R, Yang J, Tian L, Xing GG, Jiang H, Gong F, et al: Use of electroacupuncture and transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation in reproductive medicine: A group consensus. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B. 18:186–193. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Tu Q, Yang Z, Gan J, Zhang J, Que B, Song Q and Wang Y: Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation improves immunological function during the perioperative period in patients with non-small cell lung cancer undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgical lobectomy. Technol Cancer Res Treat: Jan 1, 2018 (Epub ahead of print). doi: 10.1177/1533033818806477.

30 

Oliveira CR, Bernardo WM and Nunes VM: Benefit of general anesthesia monitored by bispectral index compared with monitoring guided only by clinical parameters. Systematic review and meta-analysis. Braz J Anesthesiol. 67:72–84. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Huskisson E: Measurement of pain. Lancet. 2:1127–1131. 1974.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

32 

Cata JP, Bauer M, Sokari T, Ramirez MF, Mason D, Plautz G and Kurz A: Effects of surgery, general anesthesia, and perioperative epidural analgesia on the immune function of patients with non-small cell lung cancer. J Clin Anesth. 25:255–262. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

33 

Fiona Desmond J, McCormack N, Mulligan M, Stokes   and Donal JB: Effect of anesthetic technique on immune cell infiltrationin breast cancer: A follow-up pilot analysis of a prospective, randomised, investigator-masked study. Anticancer Res. 35:1311–1319. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

34 

Buckley A, McQuaid S, Johnson P and Buggy DJ: Effect of anaesthetic technique on the natural killer cell anti-tumour activity of serum from women undergoing breast cancer surgery: A pilot study. Br J Anaesth. 113 (Suppl 1):i56–i62. 2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

35 

Pérez-González O, Cuéllar-Guzmán LF, Soliz J and Cata JP: Impact of regional anesthesia on recurrence, metastasis, and immune response in breast cancer surgery: A systematic review of the literature. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 42:751–756. 2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

36 

Kim SY, Kim NK, Baik SH, Min BS, Hur H, Lee J, Noh HY, Lee JH and Koo BN: Effects of postoperative pain management on immune function after laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer: A Randomized Study. Medicine (Baltimore). 95(e3602)2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Fallon M, Giusti R, Aielli F, Hoskin P, Rolke R, Sharma M and Ripamonti CI: ESMO Guidelines Committee: Electronic address: Clinicalguidelines@esmo.org. Management of cancer pain in adult patients: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines. Ann Oncol. 29 (Suppl 4):iv166–iv191. 2018.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

38 

Suzuki M, Sakurada T, Gotoh K, Watanabe S and Satoh N: Correlation between the administration of morphine or oxycodone and the development of infections in patients with cancer pain. Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 30:712–716. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

39 

Sacerdote P, Bianchi M, Gaspani L, Manfredi B, Maucione A, Terno G, Ammatuna M and Panerai AE: The effects of tramadol and morphine on immune responses and pain after surgery in cancer patients. Anesth Analg. 90:1411–1414. 2000.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

40 

Narahara H, Kadoi Y, Hinohara H, Kunimoto F and Saito S: Comparative effects of flurbiprofen and fentanyl on natural killer cell cytotoxicity, lymphocyte subsets and cytokine concentrations in post-surgical intensive care unit patients: Prospective, randomized study. J Anesth. 27:676–683. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Chen Y, Wu W, Yao Y, Yang Y, Zhao Q and Qiu L: Transcutaneous electric acupoint stimulation at Jiaji points reduce abdominal pain after colonoscopy: A randomized controlled trial. Int J Clin Exp Med. 8:5972–5977. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

42 

Bjordal JM, Johnson MI and Ljunggreen AE: Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) can reduce postoperative analgesic consumption. A meta-analysis with assessment of optimal treatment parameters for postoperative pain. Eur J Pain. 7:181–188. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

43 

Liang Y, Bao G, Gong L, Zhou J, Kong X, Ran R, Shao X, Jiang Y, Zhang W, Liu B, et al: Evaluating the analgesic effect and advantage of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation combined with opioid drugs for moderate to severe cancer-related pain: A study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials. 20(40)2019.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

44 

Lee A and Fan LT: Stimulation of the wrist acupuncture point P6 for preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting. Cochrane Database Syst Rev: April 15, 2009 (Epub ahead of print). doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003281.pub.

45 

Cooke M, Rickard C, Rapchuk I, Shekar K, Marshall AP, Comans T, Doi S, McDonald J and Spooner A: PC6 acupoint stimulation for the prevention of postcardiac surgery nausea and vomiting: A protocol for a two-group, parallel, superiority randomised clinical trial. BMJ Open. 4(e006179)2014.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

46 

Lee S, Lee MS, Choi DH and Lee SK: Electroacupuncture on PC6 prevents opioid-induced nausea and vomiting after laparoscopic surgery. Chin J Integr Med. 19:277–281. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

47 

Shen YF and Goddard G: The short-term effects of acupuncture on myofascial pain patients after clenching. Pain Pract. 7:256–264. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

48 

Witt CM, Reinhold T, Jena S, Brinkhaus B and Willich SN: Cost-effectiveness of acupuncture treatment in patients with headache. Cephalalgia. 28:334–345. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

49 

Lai M, Wang SM, Wang Y, Tang CL, Kong LW and Xu XY: Effects of electroacupuncture of ‘Zusanli’ (ST 36), ‘Hegu’ (LI 4) and/or ‘Sanyinjiao’ (SP 9) on immunofunction in gastric carcinectomy rats. Zhen Ci Yan Jiu. 33:245–249. 2008.PubMed/NCBI(In Chinese).

50 

Yim YK, Lee H, Hong KE, Kim YI, Lee BR, Son CG and Kim JE: Electro-acupuncture at acupoint ST36 reduces inflammation and regulates immune activity in Collagen-Induced Arthritic Mice. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 4:51–57. 2007.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

51 

Kagitani F, Uchida S, Hotta H and Aikawa Y: Manual acupuncture needle stimulation of the rat hindlimb activates groups I, II, III and IV single afferent nerve fibers in the dorsal spinal roots. Jpn J Physiol. 55:149–155. 2005.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

52 

Han JS: Acupuncture: Neuropeptide release produced by electrical stimulation of different frequencies. Trends Neurosci. 26:17–22. 2003.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

53 

Acar HV: Acupuncture and related techniques during perioperative period: A literature review. Complement Ther Med. 29:48–55. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

54 

Zhao ZQ: Neural mechanism underlying acupuncture analgesia. Prog. Neurobiol. 85:355–375. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

55 

Lin L, Skakavac N, Lin X, Lin D, Borlongan MC, Borlongan CV and Cao C: Acupuncture-induced analgesia: The role of microglial inhibition. Cell Transplant. 25:621–628. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

56 

Goldman N, Chen M, Fujita T, Xu Q, Peng W, Liu W, Jensen TK, Pei Y, Wang F, Han X, et al: Adenosine A1 receptors mediate local anti-nociceptive effects of acupuncture. Nat Neurosci. 13:883–888. 2010.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

57 

Chen L, Xu A, Yin N, Zhao M, Wang Z, Chen T, Gao Y and Chen Z: Enhancement of immune cytokines and splenic CD4+ T cells by electroacupuncture at ST36 acupoint of SD rats. PLoS One. 12(e0175568)2017.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

58 

Wang K, Wu H, Wang G, Li M, Zhang Z and Gu G: The effects of electroacupuncture on TH1/TH2 cytokine mRNA expression and mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways in the splenic T cells of traumatized rats. Anesth Analg. 109:1666–1673. 2009.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

59 

Wu H, Wang K, Li G, Meng D, Han J, Wang G and Li YU: Effects of transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation on the imbalance of Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg cells following thoracotomy of patients with lung cancer. Exp Ther Med. 11:495–502. 2016.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

60 

Li G, Li S, Wang B and An L: The effect of electroacupuncture on postoperative immunoinflammatory response in patients undergoing supratentorial craniotomy. Exp Ther Med. 6:699–702. 2013.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

61 

Hao CJ, Li J, Liu P, Li XL, Hu YQ, Sun JC and Wei Y: Effects of the balance between type 1 and type 2 T helper cells on ovarian cancer. Genet Mol Res: Jun 3, 2016 (Epub ahead of print). doi: 10.4238/gmr.15027936.

62 

Woo JH, Baik HJ, Kim CH, Chung RK, Kim DY, Lee GY and Chun EH: Effect of propofol and desflurane on immune cell populations in breast cancer patients: A randomized trial. J Korean Med Sci. 30:1503–1508. 2015.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

63 

Su TF, Zhang LH, Peng M, Wu CH, Pan W, Tian B, Shi J, Pan HL and Li M: Cannabinoid CB2 receptors contribute to upregulation of β-endorphin in inflamed skin tissues by electroacupuncture. Mol Pain. 7(98)2011.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

64 

Cabioğlu MT and Cetin BE: Acupuncture and immunomodulation. Am J Chin Med. 36:25–36. 2008.PubMed/NCBI View Article : Google Scholar

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Ao L, Shi J, Bai Y, Zhang S and Gan J: Effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on perioperative immune function and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing radical mastectomy: A randomized controlled trial. Exp Ther Med 21: 184, 2021.
APA
Ao, L., Shi, J., Bai, Y., Zhang, S., & Gan, J. (2021). Effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on perioperative immune function and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing radical mastectomy: A randomized controlled trial. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 21, 184. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9615
MLA
Ao, L., Shi, J., Bai, Y., Zhang, S., Gan, J."Effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on perioperative immune function and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing radical mastectomy: A randomized controlled trial". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21.3 (2021): 184.
Chicago
Ao, L., Shi, J., Bai, Y., Zhang, S., Gan, J."Effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on perioperative immune function and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing radical mastectomy: A randomized controlled trial". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21, no. 3 (2021): 184. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9615
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Ao L, Shi J, Bai Y, Zhang S and Gan J: Effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on perioperative immune function and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing radical mastectomy: A randomized controlled trial. Exp Ther Med 21: 184, 2021.
APA
Ao, L., Shi, J., Bai, Y., Zhang, S., & Gan, J. (2021). Effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on perioperative immune function and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing radical mastectomy: A randomized controlled trial. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 21, 184. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9615
MLA
Ao, L., Shi, J., Bai, Y., Zhang, S., Gan, J."Effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on perioperative immune function and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing radical mastectomy: A randomized controlled trial". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21.3 (2021): 184.
Chicago
Ao, L., Shi, J., Bai, Y., Zhang, S., Gan, J."Effects of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation on perioperative immune function and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing radical mastectomy: A randomized controlled trial". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21, no. 3 (2021): 184. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9615
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team