Open Access

Therapeutic plasma exchange as a first‑choice therapy for axonal Guillain‑Barré syndrome: A case‑based review of the literature (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Adina Stoian
    • Georgiana Șerban
    • Zoltan Bajko
    • Sebastian Andone
    • Oana Mosora
    • Adrian Bălașa
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  • Published online on: January 25, 2021     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9696
  • Article Number: 265
  • Copyright: © Stoian et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Guillain‑Barré syndrome is an acute immune‑mediated disease that affects the peripheral nervous system, with progressive motor deficit in the limbs, sometimes involvement of the cranial nerves and possible impairment of the autonomic nervous system. Due to the respiratory and autonomic nervous dysfunction, the disease has the potential to be fatal. Although modern methods of treatment have significantly improved patient prognosis, many patients nevertheless experience significant neurological sequelae. The practical applicability of plasmapheresis was illustrated in our case report. We report the case of a 27‑year‑old man who had a mild viral respiratory tract infection 1 week prior to the onset of disease with gradual development of a motor deficit, urinary retention, slight swallowing difficulties and mild respiratory dysfunction. Nerve conduction studies were performed and the diagnosis of acute motor axonal neuropathy phenotypic variant of Guillain‑Barré syndrome was established. Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, infectious diseases, endocrinopathies, neoplastic diseases, intoxications, metabolic diseases and vitamin deficiencies were ruled out. Our patient attended four sessions of therapeutic plasma exchange performed using peripheral venous approach with two needles with significant recovery of the motor deficit. The patient was discharged 1 week later on maintenance kinetotherapy with further favorable evolution. In conclusion, we report a good evolution as a result of therapeutic plasma exchange in a patient with acute motor axonal neuropathy phenotypic variant of Guillain‑Barré syndrome. The procedure is well‑tolerated and can be performed safely by peripheral approach not only in the intensive care unit but also in a neurology clinic.
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March-2021
Volume 21 Issue 3

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Stoian A, Șerban G, Bajko Z, Andone S, Mosora O and Bălașa A: Therapeutic plasma exchange as a first‑choice therapy for axonal Guillain‑Barré syndrome: A case‑based review of the literature (Review). Exp Ther Med 21: 265, 2021
APA
Stoian, A., Șerban, G., Bajko, Z., Andone, S., Mosora, O., & Bălașa, A. (2021). Therapeutic plasma exchange as a first‑choice therapy for axonal Guillain‑Barré syndrome: A case‑based review of the literature (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 21, 265. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9696
MLA
Stoian, A., Șerban, G., Bajko, Z., Andone, S., Mosora, O., Bălașa, A."Therapeutic plasma exchange as a first‑choice therapy for axonal Guillain‑Barré syndrome: A case‑based review of the literature (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21.3 (2021): 265.
Chicago
Stoian, A., Șerban, G., Bajko, Z., Andone, S., Mosora, O., Bălașa, A."Therapeutic plasma exchange as a first‑choice therapy for axonal Guillain‑Barré syndrome: A case‑based review of the literature (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21, no. 3 (2021): 265. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9696