Open Access

PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Daniela Miricescu
    • Daniela Gabriela Balan
    • Adrian Tulin
    • Ovidiu Stiru
    • Ileana Adela Vacaroiu
    • Doina Andrada Mihai
    • Cristian Constantin Popa
    • Raluca Ioana Papacocea
    • Mihaly Enyedi
    • Nedelea Andrei Sorin
    • Guenadiy Vatachki
    • Dragoș Eugen Georgescu
    • Adriana Elena Nica
    • Constantin Stefani
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: March 23, 2021     https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9972
  • Article Number: 540
  • Copyright: © Miricescu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for over 90% of all renal malignancies, and mainly affects the male population. Obesity and smoking are involved in the pathogenesis of several systemic cancers including RCC. The phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, migration, survival, angiogenesis, and metabolism. Growth factors, hormones, cytokine and many extracellular cues activate PI3K/AKT/mTOR. Dysregulation of this molecular pathway is frequently reported in human cancers including RCC and is associated with aggressive development and poor survival rate. mTOR is the master regulator of cell metabolism and growth, and is activated in many pathological processes such as tumour formation, insulin resistance and angiogenesis. mTOR inhibitors are used at present as drug therapy for RCC to inhibit cell proliferation, growth, survival, and the cell cycle. Temsirolimus and everolimus are two mTOR inhibitors that are currently used for the treatment of RCC. Drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway may be one of the best therapeutic options for RCC.
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May-2021
Volume 21 Issue 5

Print ISSN: 1792-0981
Online ISSN:1792-1015

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Spandidos Publications style
Miricescu D, Balan DG, Tulin A, Stiru O, Vacaroiu IA, Mihai DA, Popa CC, Papacocea RI, Enyedi M, Sorin NA, Sorin NA, et al: PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis (Review). Exp Ther Med 21: 540, 2021
APA
Miricescu, D., Balan, D.G., Tulin, A., Stiru, O., Vacaroiu, I.A., Mihai, D.A. ... Stefani, C. (2021). PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 21, 540. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9972
MLA
Miricescu, D., Balan, D. G., Tulin, A., Stiru, O., Vacaroiu, I. A., Mihai, D. A., Popa, C. C., Papacocea, R. I., Enyedi, M., Sorin, N. A., Vatachki, G., Georgescu, D. E., Nica, A. E., Stefani, C."PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21.5 (2021): 540.
Chicago
Miricescu, D., Balan, D. G., Tulin, A., Stiru, O., Vacaroiu, I. A., Mihai, D. A., Popa, C. C., Papacocea, R. I., Enyedi, M., Sorin, N. A., Vatachki, G., Georgescu, D. E., Nica, A. E., Stefani, C."PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21, no. 5 (2021): 540. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9972