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PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Daniela Miricescu
    • Daniela Gabriela Balan
    • Adrian Tulin
    • Ovidiu Stiru
    • Ileana Adela Vacaroiu
    • Doina Andrada Mihai
    • Cristian Constantin Popa
    • Raluca Ioana Papacocea
    • Mihaly Enyedi
    • Nedelea Andrei Sorin
    • Guenadiy Vatachki
    • Dragoș Eugen Georgescu
    • Adriana Elena Nica
    • Constantin Stefani
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania, Discipline of Physiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, ‘Sf. Ioan’ Emergency Clinical Hospital, 042122 Bucharest, Romania, Discipline of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania, Discipline of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania, Division of Urology, ‘Prof. Dr. Agrippa Ionescu’ Clinical Emergency Hospital, 011356 Bucharest, Romania, Department of General Surgery, ‘Fundeni’ Clinical Institute 022328 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Orthopedics, Anesthesia Intensive Care Unit, Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania, Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Base, Dr. Carol Davila Central Military Emergency University Hospital, 010825 Bucharest, Romania
    Copyright: © Miricescu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 540
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    Published online on: March 23, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9972
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Abstract

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for over 90% of all renal malignancies, and mainly affects the male population. Obesity and smoking are involved in the pathogenesis of several systemic cancers including RCC. The phosphoinositide 3‑kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, migration, survival, angiogenesis, and metabolism. Growth factors, hormones, cytokine and many extracellular cues activate PI3K/AKT/mTOR. Dysregulation of this molecular pathway is frequently reported in human cancers including RCC and is associated with aggressive development and poor survival rate. mTOR is the master regulator of cell metabolism and growth, and is activated in many pathological processes such as tumour formation, insulin resistance and angiogenesis. mTOR inhibitors are used at present as drug therapy for RCC to inhibit cell proliferation, growth, survival, and the cell cycle. Temsirolimus and everolimus are two mTOR inhibitors that are currently used for the treatment of RCC. Drugs targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway may be one of the best therapeutic options for RCC.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Miricescu D, Balan DG, Tulin A, Stiru O, Vacaroiu IA, Mihai DA, Popa CC, Papacocea RI, Enyedi M, Sorin NA, Sorin NA, et al: PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis (Review). Exp Ther Med 21: 540, 2021.
APA
Miricescu, D., Balan, D.G., Tulin, A., Stiru, O., Vacaroiu, I.A., Mihai, D.A. ... Stefani, C. (2021). PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 21, 540. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9972
MLA
Miricescu, D., Balan, D. G., Tulin, A., Stiru, O., Vacaroiu, I. A., Mihai, D. A., Popa, C. C., Papacocea, R. I., Enyedi, M., Sorin, N. A., Vatachki, G., Georgescu, D. E., Nica, A. E., Stefani, C."PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21.5 (2021): 540.
Chicago
Miricescu, D., Balan, D. G., Tulin, A., Stiru, O., Vacaroiu, I. A., Mihai, D. A., Popa, C. C., Papacocea, R. I., Enyedi, M., Sorin, N. A., Vatachki, G., Georgescu, D. E., Nica, A. E., Stefani, C."PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21, no. 5 (2021): 540. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9972
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Miricescu D, Balan DG, Tulin A, Stiru O, Vacaroiu IA, Mihai DA, Popa CC, Papacocea RI, Enyedi M, Sorin NA, Sorin NA, et al: PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis (Review). Exp Ther Med 21: 540, 2021.
APA
Miricescu, D., Balan, D.G., Tulin, A., Stiru, O., Vacaroiu, I.A., Mihai, D.A. ... Stefani, C. (2021). PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis (Review). Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 21, 540. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9972
MLA
Miricescu, D., Balan, D. G., Tulin, A., Stiru, O., Vacaroiu, I. A., Mihai, D. A., Popa, C. C., Papacocea, R. I., Enyedi, M., Sorin, N. A., Vatachki, G., Georgescu, D. E., Nica, A. E., Stefani, C."PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21.5 (2021): 540.
Chicago
Miricescu, D., Balan, D. G., Tulin, A., Stiru, O., Vacaroiu, I. A., Mihai, D. A., Popa, C. C., Papacocea, R. I., Enyedi, M., Sorin, N. A., Vatachki, G., Georgescu, D. E., Nica, A. E., Stefani, C."PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway involvement in renal cell carcinoma pathogenesis (Review)". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 21, no. 5 (2021): 540. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2021.9972
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