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Article

Prenatally diagnosed intra‑abdominal testicular teratoma managed with single‑stage Fowler‑Stephens orchiopexy postnatally: A case report and literature review

  • Authors:
    • Honggang Fang
    • Guangbei Peng
    • Xing Liu
    • Shengde Wu
    • Yi Hua
    • Guanghui Wei
    • Deying Zhang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Urology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Structural Birth Defect and Reconstruction, Chongqing 400014, P.R. China, Department of Urology, Jiangxi Children's Medical Center, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330200, P.R. China
  • Article Number: 43
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    Published online on: December 2, 2025
       https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2025.13038
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Abstract

Fetal intra‑abdominal testicular tumors diagnosed prenatally are exceedingly rare. However, the increasing utilization of prenatal ultrasound has led to the identification of these uncommon neoplasms. The present study reports the case of a 1‑month‑old male infant in whom an intra‑abdominal mass was first identified on a fetal ultrasound performed at 28 weeks of gestation. Postnatally, the patient underwent complete tumor excision followed by single‑stage Fowler‑Stephens orchiopexy. The 7 months postoperative follow‑up revealed normal findings. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of prenatally diagnosed intra‑abdominal cryptorchidism associated with a mature teratoma, successfully managed with testis‑sparing surgery (TSS) using Fowler‑Stephens orchiopexy. The present study represents the ninth such case reported worldwide. Although neonatal testicular tumors generally require surgical excision, intraoperative frozen section analysis combined with TSS can effectively prevent unnecessary orchiectomy and enable the potential for bilateral fertility preservation.
View Figures

Figure 1

Prenatal, postnatal and postoperative
sonographic findings of an intra-abdominal undescended testis with
teratoma. Prenatal ultrasound at 28 weeks of gestation. (A)
Transabdominal ultrasound showed a heterogeneous,
well-circumscribed mass (arrow) in the right lower abdomen. (B)
CDFI demonstrates scattered flow signals within the hyperechoic
areas. Postnatal ultrasound at 1 month of age. (C) Ultrasound shows
the persistence of the complex mass (arrow), consistent with an
undescended testis associated with a teratoma. (D) CDFI reveals
detectable blood flow signals within the medium-echoic areas.
Follow-up ultrasound at 1 month after surgery. (E) Ultrasound shows
a small testicular structure located above the scrotum. (F) CDFI
shows scattered blood flow signals (arrows).

Figure 2

Right tumor excision and right
laparoscopic Fowler-Stephens procedure. (A) Intact delivery of the
testis and tumor via the testicular gubernaculum (arrow 1). (B)
Completely excised tumor specimen (arrow 2). (C) After thorough
mobilization, the testis reaches only the mid-inguinal region;
spermatic vessels were ligated (arrow 3) before performing
Fowler-Stephens orchiopexy.

Figure 3

Intraoperative frozen section and
postoperative H&E staining of tumor and peritumoral tissue. (A)
Intraoperative frozen section showing mature elements from all
three germ layers, including (A1) abundant glial tissue and (A2)
cartilage cells. (B) H&E staining of tumor tissue demonstrating
(B1) abundant cartilage and (B2) glial tissue. (C) H&E staining
of peritumoral tissue showing testicular tissue without evident
tumor involvement. (C1) magnified view.
View References

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Fang H, Peng G, Liu X, Wu S, Hua Y, Wei G and Zhang D: Prenatally diagnosed intra‑abdominal testicular teratoma managed with single‑stage Fowler‑Stephens orchiopexy postnatally: A case report and literature review. Exp Ther Med 31: 43, 2026.
APA
Fang, H., Peng, G., Liu, X., Wu, S., Hua, Y., Wei, G., & Zhang, D. (2026). Prenatally diagnosed intra‑abdominal testicular teratoma managed with single‑stage Fowler‑Stephens orchiopexy postnatally: A case report and literature review. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 31, 43. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2025.13038
MLA
Fang, H., Peng, G., Liu, X., Wu, S., Hua, Y., Wei, G., Zhang, D."Prenatally diagnosed intra‑abdominal testicular teratoma managed with single‑stage Fowler‑Stephens orchiopexy postnatally: A case report and literature review". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 31.2 (2026): 43.
Chicago
Fang, H., Peng, G., Liu, X., Wu, S., Hua, Y., Wei, G., Zhang, D."Prenatally diagnosed intra‑abdominal testicular teratoma managed with single‑stage Fowler‑Stephens orchiopexy postnatally: A case report and literature review". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 31, no. 2 (2026): 43. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2025.13038
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Fang H, Peng G, Liu X, Wu S, Hua Y, Wei G and Zhang D: Prenatally diagnosed intra‑abdominal testicular teratoma managed with single‑stage Fowler‑Stephens orchiopexy postnatally: A case report and literature review. Exp Ther Med 31: 43, 2026.
APA
Fang, H., Peng, G., Liu, X., Wu, S., Hua, Y., Wei, G., & Zhang, D. (2026). Prenatally diagnosed intra‑abdominal testicular teratoma managed with single‑stage Fowler‑Stephens orchiopexy postnatally: A case report and literature review. Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine, 31, 43. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2025.13038
MLA
Fang, H., Peng, G., Liu, X., Wu, S., Hua, Y., Wei, G., Zhang, D."Prenatally diagnosed intra‑abdominal testicular teratoma managed with single‑stage Fowler‑Stephens orchiopexy postnatally: A case report and literature review". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 31.2 (2026): 43.
Chicago
Fang, H., Peng, G., Liu, X., Wu, S., Hua, Y., Wei, G., Zhang, D."Prenatally diagnosed intra‑abdominal testicular teratoma managed with single‑stage Fowler‑Stephens orchiopexy postnatally: A case report and literature review". Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine 31, no. 2 (2026): 43. https://doi.org/10.3892/etm.2025.13038
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