Curcumin inhibits human retinal pigment epithelial cell proliferation

Sun,Yun; You,Zhi-Peng

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2014.1861

Curcumin inhibits human retinal pigment epithelial cell proliferation

Authors:
- Yun Sun
- Zhi-Peng You
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Affiliations: Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
Published online on: July 23, 2014 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2014.1861
Pages: 1013-1019
Copyright: © Sun et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].

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Abstract

Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a common cause of intraoperative failure following retinal reattachment surgery and is mediated in part through the migration, de-differentiation and proliferation of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. Given the cytotoxic effects of curcumin on epithelial and endothelial cells, in this study, we assessed the effects of curcumin on human RPE (hRPE) cell proliferation. WST-1 analysis revealed that curcumin significantly inhibited primary hRPE cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P<0.001) with the greatest inhibition observed at the dose of 15 µg/ml curcumin. Flow cytometric analysis indicated that the cytotoxic effects of curcumin on hRPE cell proliferation were mediated by cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase and the induction of apoptosis (both P<0.001), which was confirmed by ultrastructural analysis using transmission electron microscopy. Furthermore, western blot analysis revealed that curcumin induced p53 and p21WAF1/CIP1 expression with a concomitant decrease in proliferating cell nuclear antigen protein levels (P<0.05). Curcumin effectively inhibited primary hRPE cell proliferation, which may be mediated by the p53 pathway. Further in vivo studies are required in order to fully explore the therapeutic potential of curcumin for PVR.

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