Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
Journal Cover
November-2017 Volume 40 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
November-2017 Volume 40 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

A support vector machine classifier for the prediction of osteosarcoma metastasis with high accuracy

  • Authors:
    • Yunfei He
    • Jun Ma
    • Xiaojian Ye
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Orthopaedics, Changzheng Hospital Αffiliated to Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, P.R. China
    Copyright: © He et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 1357-1364
    |
    Published online on: September 7, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3126
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

In this study, gene expression profiles of osteosarcoma (OS) were analyzed to identify critical genes associated with metastasis. Five gene expression datasets were screened and downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Following assessment by MetaQC, the dataset GSE9508 was excluded for poor quality. Subsequently, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between metastatic and non-metastatic OS were identified using meta‑analysis. A protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed with information from Human Protein Reference Database (HPRD) for the DEGs. Betweenness centrality (BC) was calculated for each node in the network and top featured genes ranked by BC were selected out to construct support vector machine (SVM) classifier using the training set GSE21257, which was then validated using the other three independent datasets. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed for the featured genes using Fisher's exact test. A total of 353 DEGs were identified and a PPI network including 164 nodes and 272 edges was then constructed. The top 64 featured genes ranked by BC were included in the SVM classifier. The SVM classifier exhibited high prediction accuracies in all of the 4 datasets, with accuracies of 100, 100, 92.6 and 100%, respectively. Further analysis of the featured genes revealed that 11 Gene Ontology (GO) biological pathways and 5 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways were significantly over-represented, including the regulation of cell proliferation, regulation of apoptosis, pathways in cancer, regulation of actin cytoskeleton and the TGF-β signaling pathway. On the whole, an SVM classifier with high prediction accuracy was constructed and validated, in which key genes associated with metastasis in OS were also revealed. These findings may promote the development of genetic diagnostic methods and may enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the metastasis of OS.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

View References

1 

Jaffe N, Bruland OS and Bielack S: Pediatric and Adolescent Osteosarcoma. Springer; pp. 152Berlin: 2010

2 

Hou CH, Lin FL, Tong KB, Hou SM and Liu JF: Transforming growth factor alpha promotes osteosarcoma metastasis by ICAM-1 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Biochem Pharmacol. 89:453–463. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Dong Y, Liang G, Yuan B, Yang C, Gao R and Zhou X: MALAT1 promotes the proliferation and metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Tumour Biol. 36:1477–1486. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Guo YS, Zhao R, Ma J, Cui W, Sun Z, Gao B, He S, Han YH, Fan J, Yang L, et al: βig-h3 promotes human osteosarcoma cells metastasis by interacting with integrin α2β1 and activating PI3K signaling pathway. PLoS One. 9:e902202014. View Article : Google Scholar

5 

Liao D, Zhong L, Duan T, Zhang RH, Wang X, Wang G, Hu K, Lv X and Kang T: Aspirin suppresses the growth and metastasis of osteosarcoma through the NF-κB pathway. Clin Cancer Res. 21:5349–5359. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Zhang P, Yang Y, Zweidler-McKay P and Hughes DPM: Retraction: Critical role of notch signaling in osteosarcoma invasion and metastasis. Clin Cancer Res. 19:5256–5257. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Guan G, Zhang Y, Lu Y, Liu L, Shi D, Wen Y, Yang L, Ma Q, Liu T, Zhu X, et al: The HIF-1α/CXCR4 pathway supports hypoxia-induced metastasis of human osteosarcoma cells. Cancer Lett. 357:254–264. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

8 

Khanna C, Wan X, Bose S, Cassaday R, Olomu O, Mendoza A, Yeung C, Gorlick R, Hewitt SM and Helman LJ: The membrane-cytoskeleton linker ezrin is necessary for osteosarcoma metastasis. Nat Med. 10:182–186. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Ren L, Hong SH, Cassavaugh J, Osborne T, Chou AJ, Kim SY, Gorlick R, Hewitt SM and Khanna C: The actin-cytoskeleton linker protein ezrin is regulated during osteosarcoma metastasis by PKC. Oncogene. 28:792–802. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Wan X, Kim SY, Guenther LM, Mendoza A, Briggs J, Yeung C, Currier D, Zhang H, Mackall C, Li WJ, et al: Beta4 integrin promotes osteosarcoma metastasis and interacts with ezrin. Oncogene. 28:3401–3411. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Long F, Cai X, Luo W, Chen L and Li K: Role of aldolase A in osteosarcoma progression and metastasis: In vitro and in vivo evidence. Oncol Rep. 32:2031–2037. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Qu L and Liu B: Cyclooxygeanse-2 promotes metastasis in osteosarcoma. Cancer Cell Int. 15:692015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Su Y, Wagner ER, Luo Q, Huang J, Chen L, He BC, Zuo GW, Shi Q, Zhang BQ, Zhu G, et al: Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 suppresses tumor growth and metastasis of human osteosarcoma. Oncogene. 30:3907–3917. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Namløs HM, Kresse SH, Müller CR, Henriksen J, Holdhus R, Sæter G, Bruland OS, Bjerkehagen B, Steen VM and Myklebost O: Global gene expression profiling of human osteosarcomas reveals metastasis-associated chemokine pattern. Sarcoma. 2012:6390382012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Odagiri H, Kadomatsu T, Endo M, Masuda T, Morioka MS, Fukuhara S, Miyamoto T, Kobayashi E, Miyata K, Aoi J, et al: The secreted protein ANGPTL2 promotes metastasis of osteosarcoma cells through integrin α5β1, p38 MAPK, and matrix metalloproteinases. Sci Signal. 7:ra72014. View Article : Google Scholar

16 

Endo-Munoz L, Cumming A, Rickwood D, Wilson D, Cueva C, Ng C, Strutton G, Cassady AI, Evdokiou A, Sommerville S, et al: Loss of osteoclasts contributes to development of osteosarcoma pulmonary metastases. Cancer Res. 70:7063–7072. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Buddingh EP, Kuijjer ML, Duim RA, Bürger H, Agelopoulos K, Myklebost O, Serra M, Mertens F, Hogendoorn PC, Lankester AC, et al: Tumor-infiltrating macrophages are associated with metastasis suppression in high-grade osteosarcoma: A rationale for treatment with macrophage activating agents. Clin Cancer Res. 17:2110–2119. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Smyth GK: Limma: Linear Models for Microarray Data. Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Solutions Using R and Bioconductor. Gentleman R, Carey VJ, Huber W, Irizarry RA and Dudoit S: Springer; New York, NY: pp. 397–420. 2005, View Article : Google Scholar

19 

Wang X, Kang DD, Shen K, Song C, Lu S, Chang LC, Liao SG, Huo Z, Tang S, Ding Y, et al: An R package suite for microarray meta-analysis in quality control, differentially expressed gene analysis and pathway enrichment detection. Bioinformatics. 28:2534–2536. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Chatr-Aryamontri A, Breitkreutz BJ, Oughtred R, Boucher L, Heinicke S, Chen D, Stark C, Breitkreutz A, Kolas N, O'Donnell L, et al: The BioGRID interaction database: 2015 update. Nucleic Acids Res. 43:D470–D478. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar :

21 

Keshava Prasad TS, Goel R, Kandasamy K, Keerthikumar S, Kumar S, Mathivanan S, Telikicherla D, Raju R, Shafreen B, Venugopal A, et al: Human Protein Reference Database – 2009 update. Nucleic Acids Res. 37:D767–D772. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Xenarios I, Rice DW, Salwinski L, Baron MK, Marcotte EM and Eisenberg D: DIP: The database of interacting proteins. Nucleic Acids Res. 28:289–291. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Smoot ME, Ono K, Ruscheinski J, Wang PL and Ideker T: Cytoscape 2.8: New features for data integration and network visualization. Bioinformatics. 27:431–432. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar :

24 

Kim HS, Park YB, Oh JH, Jeong J, Kim CJ and Lee SH: Expression of CD44 isoforms correlates with the metastatic potential of osteosarcoma. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 396:184–190. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar

25 

Zhao H, Ma B, Wang Y, Han T, Zheng L, Sun C, Liu T, Zhang Y, Qiu X and Fan Q: miR-34a inhibits the metastasis of osteosarcoma cells by repressing the expression of CD44. Oncol Rep. 29:1027–1036. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Fritsche-Guenther R, Noske A, Ungethüm U, Kuban RJ, Schlag PM, Tunn PU, Karle J, Krenn V, Dietel M and Sers C: De novo expression of EphA2 in osteosarcoma modulates activation of the mitogenic signalling pathway. Histopathology. 57:836–850. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Posthumadeboer J, Piersma SR, Pham TV, van Egmond PW, Knol JC, Cleton-Jansen AM, van Geer MA, van Beusechem VW, Kaspers GJ, van Royen BJ, et al: Surface proteomic analysis of osteosarcoma identifies EPHA2 as receptor for targeted drug delivery. Br J Cancer. 109:2142–2154. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Liang G, Xu E, Yang C, Zhang C, Sheng X and Zhou X: Nucleosome-binding protein HMGN2 exhibits antitumor activity in human SaO2 and U2-OS osteosarcoma cell lines. Oncol Rep. 33:1300–1306. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar

29 

Yang J, Annala M, Ji P, Wang G, Zheng H, Codgell D, Du X, Fang Z, Sun B, Nykter M, et al: Recurrent LRP1-SNRNP25 and KCNMB4-CCND3 fusion genes promote tumor cell motility in human osteosarcoma. J Hematol Oncol. 7:762014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Wang J, Xu G, Shen F and Kang Y: miR-132 targeting cyclin E1 suppresses cell proliferation in osteosarcoma cells. Tumour Biol. 35:4859–4865. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Liu J, Gu J, Feng Z, Yang Y, Zhu N, Lu W and Qi F: Both HDAC5 and HDAC6 are required for the proliferation and metastasis of melanoma cells. J Transl Med. 14:72016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Wang XC, Ma Y, Meng PS, Han JL, Yu HY and Bi LJ: miR-433 inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell growth and metastasis by targeting HDAC6. Oral Oncol. 51:674–682. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Guo DL, Zhang J, Yuen ST, Tsui WY, Chan AS, Ho C, Ji J, Leung SY and Chen X: Reduced expression of EphB2 that parallels invasion and metastasis in colorectal tumours. Carcinogenesis. 27:454–464. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

34 

Oshima T, Akaike M, Yoshihara K, Shiozawa M, Yamamoto N, Sato T, Akihito N, Nagano Y, Fujii S, Kunisaki C, et al: Overexpression of EphA4 gene and reduced expression of EphB2 gene correlates with liver metastasis in colorectal cancer. Int J Oncol. 33:573–577. 2008.PubMed/NCBI

35 

Feng X, Wu Z, Wu Y, Hankey W, Prior TW, Li L, Ganju RK, Shen R and Zou X: Cdc25A regulates matrix metalloprotease 1 through Foxo1 and mediates metastasis of breast cancer cells. Mol Cell Biol. 31:3457–3471. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Zurita M, Lara PC, del Moral R, Torres B, Linares-Fernández JL, Arrabal SR, Martínez-Galán J, Oliver FJ and Ruiz de Almodóvar JM: Hypermethylated 14-3-3-σ and ESR1 gene promoters in serum as candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment efficacy of breast cancer metastasis. BMC Cancer. 10:2172010. View Article : Google Scholar

37 

Sonaglio V, de Carvalho AC, Toledo SR, Salinas-Souza C, Carvalho AL, Petrilli AS, de Camargo B and Vettore AL: Aberrant DNA methylation of ESR1 and 14ARF genes could be useful as prognostic indicators in osteosarcoma. Onco Targets Ther. 6:713–723. 2013.

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
He Y, Ma J and Ye X: A support vector machine classifier for the prediction of osteosarcoma metastasis with high accuracy. Int J Mol Med 40: 1357-1364, 2017.
APA
He, Y., Ma, J., & Ye, X. (2017). A support vector machine classifier for the prediction of osteosarcoma metastasis with high accuracy. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 40, 1357-1364. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3126
MLA
He, Y., Ma, J., Ye, X."A support vector machine classifier for the prediction of osteosarcoma metastasis with high accuracy". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 40.5 (2017): 1357-1364.
Chicago
He, Y., Ma, J., Ye, X."A support vector machine classifier for the prediction of osteosarcoma metastasis with high accuracy". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 40, no. 5 (2017): 1357-1364. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3126
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
He Y, Ma J and Ye X: A support vector machine classifier for the prediction of osteosarcoma metastasis with high accuracy. Int J Mol Med 40: 1357-1364, 2017.
APA
He, Y., Ma, J., & Ye, X. (2017). A support vector machine classifier for the prediction of osteosarcoma metastasis with high accuracy. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 40, 1357-1364. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3126
MLA
He, Y., Ma, J., Ye, X."A support vector machine classifier for the prediction of osteosarcoma metastasis with high accuracy". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 40.5 (2017): 1357-1364.
Chicago
He, Y., Ma, J., Ye, X."A support vector machine classifier for the prediction of osteosarcoma metastasis with high accuracy". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 40, no. 5 (2017): 1357-1364. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3126
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team