Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Molecular Medicine
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1107-3756 Online ISSN: 1791-244X
Journal Cover
March-2018 Volume 41 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
March-2018 Volume 41 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Cardioprotection by exenatide: A novel mechanism via improving mitochondrial function involving the GLP-1 receptor/cAMP/PKA pathway

  • Authors:
    • Guanglei Chang
    • Jian Liu
    • Shu Qin
    • Youqin Jiang
    • Peng Zhang
    • Hui Yu
    • Kai Lu
    • Nan Zhang
    • Li Cao
    • Ying Wang
    • Yong Li
    • Dongying Zhang
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, Sichuan 400016, P.R. China, Center for Perinatal Biology, Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA
  • Pages: 1693-1703
    |
    Published online on: December 12, 2017
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3318
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Accumulating evidence suggests that glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its analogues exert cardioprotective effects via modulating cardiomyocyte metabolism. Mitochondria play a pivotal role in the regulation of cell metabolism. It was hypothesized that treatment with exenatide, a GLP-1 analogue, may exert cardioprotective effects by improving mitochondrial function in an in vitro model of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). H9c2 cells were employed to establish an in vitro model of H/R. Exenatide was added to the cells for 30 min prior to exposure to hypoxia. The GLP-1 receptor antagonist exendin‑(9‑39), the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) inhibitor Rp-cAMPS and the protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor H-89 were added to the cells for 10 min prior to treatment with exenatide. The release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) and cardiomyocyte apoptosis were evaluated. The characteristics of mitochondrial morphology and functions, including ATP synthesis, membrane potential (ΔΨm), mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP), mitochondrial ATPase activity and oxidative stress, were determined. the mitochondrial uncoupling protein-3 (UCP-3) and nuclear respiratory factor-1 (Nrf-1) were also investigated by western blot analysis. Exenatide pretreatment significantly decreased LDH and CK-MB release and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in H9c2 cells subjected to H/R. More importantly, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of exenatide pretreatment decreasing mitochondrial abnormalities and reducing oxidative stress, while enhancing ATP synthesis, mitochondrial ATPase activity and ΔΨm in H9c2 cells subjected to H/R. Exenatide pretreatment also decreased mitochondrial calcium overload and inhibited the opening of mPTP in H9c2 cells subjected to H/R. Furthermore, exenatide pretreatment upregulated UCP-3 and Nrf-1 expression in H9c2 cells subjected to H/R. However, the abovementioned observed effects of exenatide were all abolished when exenatide was co-administered with exendin‑(9‑39), Rp-cAMPS and̸or H-89. Therefore, the GLP-1 analogue exenatide was found to exert cardioprotective effects in an in vitro model of H/R, and this cardioprotection may be attributed to the improvement of mitochondrial function. These effects are most likely associated with the activation of the GLP-1 receptor/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

View References

1 

Braunwald E and Kloner RA: Myocardial reperfusion: A double-edged sword? J Clin Invest. 76:1713–1719. 1985. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Acar E, Ural D, Bildirici U, Sahin T and Yılmaz I: Diabetic cardiomyopathy. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg. 11:732–737. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

3 

Ong SB and Gustafsson AB: New roles for mitochondria in cell death in the reperfused myocardium. Cardiovasc Res. 94:190–196. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar :

4 

Honda HM, Korge P and Weiss JN: Mitochondria and ischemia/reperfusion injury. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1047:248–258. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Lesnefsky EJ and Hoppel CL: Ischemia-reperfusion injury in the aged heart: Role of mitochondria. Arch Biochem Biophys. 420:287–297. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Sun L, Zhao M, Yu XJ, Wang H, He X, Liu JK and Zang WJ: Cardioprotection by acetylcholine: A novel mechanism via mitochondrial biogenesis and function involving the PGC-1α pathway. J Cell Physiol. 228:1238–1248. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

7 

Yue R, Hu H, Yiu KH, Luo T, Zhou Z, Xu L, Zhang S, Li K and Yu Z: Lycopene protects against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis by preventing mitochondrial dysfunction in primary neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes. PLoS One. 7:e507782012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Rehman H, Shi Y and Zhong Z: Ischemia/reperfusion inhibits mitochondrial biogenesis after partial hepatectomy in mice: 1738. Transplantation. 90:8392010. View Article : Google Scholar

9 

Ren J, Pulakat L, Whaley-Connell A and Sowers JR: Mitochondrial biogenesis in the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. J Mol Med (Berl). 88:993–1001. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

10 

Rimbaud S, Garnier A and Ventura-Clapier R: Mitochondrial biogenesis in cardiac pathophysiology. Pharmacol Rep. 61:131–138. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Garber AJ: Novel GLP-1 receptor agonists for diabetes. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 21:45–57. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar

12 

Mundil D, Cameron-Vendrig A and Husain M: GLP-1 receptor agonists: A clinical perspective on cardiovascular effects. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 9:95–108. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Baggio LL and Drucker DJ: Biology of incretins: GLP-1 and GIP. Gastroenterology. 132:2131–2157. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Wei Y and Mojsov S: Tissue-specific expression of the human receptor for glucagon-like peptide-I: Brain, heart and pancreatic forms have the same deduced amino acid sequences. FEBS Lett. 358:219–224. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Chinda K, Chattipakorn S and Chattipakorn N: Cardioprotective effects of incretin during ischaemia-reperfusion. Diab Vasc Dis Res. 9:256–269. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Ravassa S, Zudaire A and Díez J: GLP-1 and cardioprotection: From bench to bedside. Cardiovasc Res. 94:316–323. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Bao W, Holt LJ, Prince RD, Jones GX, Aravindhan K, Szapacs M, Barbour AM, Jolivette LJ, Lepore JJ, Willette RN, et al: Novel fusion of GLP-1 with a domain antibody to serum albumin prolongs protection against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in the rat. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 12:1482013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Zhao TC: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and protective effects in cardiovascular disease: A new therapeutic approach for myocardial protection. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 12:902013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Liu Q, Anderson C, Broyde A, Polizzi C, Fernandez R, Baron A and Parkes DG: Glucagon-like peptide-1 and the exenatide analogue AC3174 improve cardiac function, cardiac remodeling, and survival in rats with chronic heart failure. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 9:762010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Brown SB, Libonati JR, Selak MA, Shannon RP and Simmons RA: Neonatal exendin-4 leads to protection from reperfusion injury and reduced rates of oxidative phosphorylation in the adult rat heart. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 24:197–205. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Tomas E, Stanojevic V and Habener JF: GLP-1-derived nonapeptide GLP-1(28-36)amide targets to mitochondria and suppresses glucose production and oxidative stress in isolated mouse hepatocytes. Regul Pept. 167:177–184. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Park M, Youn B, Zheng XL, Wu D, Xu A and Sweeney G: Globular adiponectin, acting via AdipoR1/APPL1, protects H9c2 cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced apoptosis. PLoS One. 6:e191432011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Wang L, Wang ZH, Shen CY, You ML, Xiao JF and Chen GQ: Differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells grown in terpolyesters of 3-hydroxyalkanoates scaffolds into nerve cells. Biomaterials. 31:1691–1698. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

24 

Kumar S, Kain V and Sitasawad SL: High glucose-induced Ca2þ overload and oxidative stress contribute to apoptosis of cardiac cells through mitochondrial dependent and independent pathways. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1820:907–920. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Odagiri K, Katoh H, Kawashima H, Tanaka T, Ohtani H, Saotome M, Urushida T, Satoh H and Hayashi H: Local control of mitochondrial membrane potential, permeability transition pore and reactive oxygen species by calcium and calmodulin in rat ventricular myocytes. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 46:989–997. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Tominaga H, Katoh H, Odagiri K, Takeuchi Y, Kawashima H, Saotome M, Urushida T, Satoh H and Hayashi H: Different effects of palmitoyl-L-carnitine and palmitoyl-CoA on mitochondrial function in rat ventricular myocytes. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 295:H105–H112. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Ong SB, Subrayan S, Lim SY, Yellon DM, Davidson SM and Hausenloy DJ: Inhibiting mitochondrial fission protects the heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury. Circulation. 121:2012–2022. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Halestrap AP, Clarke SJ and Khaliulin I: The role of mitochondria in protection of the heart by preconditioning. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1767:1007–1031. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Li Q, Zhou LY, Gao GF, Jiao JQ and Li PF: Mitochondrial network in the heart. Protein Cell. 3:410–418. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Crow MT, Mani K, Nam YJ and Kitsis RN: The mitochondrial death pathway and cardiac myocyte apoptosis. Circ Res. 95:957–970. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Garlid KD, Costa AD, Quinlan CL, Pierre SV and Dos Santos P: Cardioprotective signaling to mitochondria. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 46:858–866. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Perrelli MG, Pagliaro P and Penna C: Ischemia/reperfusion injury and cardioprotective mechanisms: Role of mitochondria and reactive oxygen species. World J Cardiol. 3:186–200. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Zhao T, Parikh P, Bhashyam S, Bolukoglu H, Poornima I, Shen YT and Shannon RP: Direct effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 on myocardial contractility and glucose uptake in normal and postischemic isolated rat hearts. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. 317:1106–1113. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Nikolaidis LA, Elahi D, Hentosz T, Doverspike A, Huerbin R, Zourelias L, Stolarski C, Shen YT and Shannon RP: Recombinant glucagon-like peptide-1 increases myocardial glucose uptake and improves left ventricular performance in conscious dogs with pacing-induced dilated cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 110:955–961. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Luque MA, González N, Márquez L, Acitores A, Redondo A, Morales M, Valverde I and Villanueva-Peñacarrillo ML: Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose metabolism in human myocytes. J Endocrinol. 173:465–473. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Bao W, Aravindhan K, Alsaid H, Chendrimada T, Szapacs M, Citerone DR, Harpel MR, Willette RN, Lepore JJ and Jucker BM: Albiglutide, a long lasting glucagon-like peptide-1 analog, protects the rat heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury: Evidence for improving cardiac metabolic efficiency. PLoS One. 6:e235702011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Timmers L, Henriques JP, de Kleijn DP, Devries JH, Kemperman H, Steendijk P, Verlaan CW, Kerver M, Piek JJ, Doevendans PA, et al: Exenatide reduces infarct size and improves cardiac function in a porcine model of ischemia and reperfusion injury. J Am Coll Cardiol. 53:501–510. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Ban K, Noyan-Ashraf MH, Hoefer J, Bolz SS, Drucker DJ and Husain M: Cardioprotective and vasodilatory actions of glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor are mediated through both glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor-dependent and -independent pathways. Circulation. 117:2340–2350. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Depre C, Ponchaut S, Deprez J, Maisin L and Hue L: Cyclic AMP suppresses the inhibition of glycolysis by alternative oxidizable substrates in the heart. J Clin Invest. 101:390–397. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

De Rasmo D, Gattoni G, Papa F, Santeramo A, Pacelli C, Cocco T, Micelli L, Sardaro N, Larizza M, Scivetti M, et al: The β-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol promotes the activity of respiratory chain complex I and lowers cellular reactive oxygen species in fibroblasts and heart myoblasts. Eur J Pharmacol. 652:15–22. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar

41 

Acin-Perez R, Salazar E, Kamenetsky M, Buck J, Levin LR and Manfredi G: Cyclic AMP produced inside mitochondria regulates oxidative phosphorylation. Cell Metab. 9:265–276. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Valsecchi F, Ramos-Espiritu LS, Buck J, Levin LR and Manfredi G: cAMP and mitochondria. Physiology (Bethesda). 28:199–209. 2013.

43 

Wang D, Luo P, Wang Y, Li W, Wang C, Sun D, Zhang R, Su T, Ma X, Zeng C, et al: Glucagon-like peptide-1 protects against cardiac microvascular injury in diabetes via a cAMP/PKA/Rho-dependent mechanism. Diabetes. 62:1697–1708. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Xiao YF, Nikolskaya A, Jaye DA and Sigg DC: Glucagon-like peptide-1 enhances cardiac L-type Ca2+ currents via activation of the cAMP-dependent protein kinase A pathway. Cardiovasc Diabetol. 10:62011. View Article : Google Scholar

45 

Bose AK, Mocanu MM, Carr RD and Yellon DM: Glucagon like peptide-1 is protective against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury when given either as a preconditioning mimetic or at reperfusion in an isolated rat heart model. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 19:9–11. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Bose AK, Mocanu MM, Carr RD, Brand CL and Yellon DM: Glucagon-like peptide 1 can directly protect the heart against ischemia/reperfusion injury. Diabetes. 54:146–151. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar

47 

Bose AK, Mocanu MM, Carr RD and Yellon DM: Myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury is attenuated by intact glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the in vitro rat heart and may involve the p70s6K pathway. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther. 21:253–256. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

48 

Krauss S, Zhang CY and Lowell BB: The mitochondrial uncoupling-protein homologues. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 6:248–261. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Teshima Y, Akao M, Jones SP and Marbán E: Uncoupling protein-2 overexpression inhibits mitochondrial death pathway in cardiomyocytes. Circ Res. 93:192–200. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Bienengraeber M, Ozcan C and Terzic A: Stable transfection of UCP1 confers resistance to hypoxia/reoxygenation in a heart-derived cell line. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 35:861–865. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

Scarpulla RC: Nuclear control of respiratory gene expression in mammalian cells. J Cell Biochem. 97:673–683. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

52 

Scarpulla RC: Nuclear control of respiratory chain expression by nuclear respiratory factors and PGC-1-related coactivator. Ann NY Acad Sci. 1147:321–334. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

53 

Javadov S, Purdham DM, Zeidan A and Karmazyn M: NHE-1 inhibition improves cardiac mitochondrial function through regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis during postinfarction remodeling. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 291:H1722–H1730. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Chang G, Liu J, Qin S, Jiang Y, Zhang P, Yu H, Lu K, Zhang N, Cao L, Wang Y, Wang Y, et al: Cardioprotection by exenatide: A novel mechanism via improving mitochondrial function involving the GLP-1 receptor/cAMP/PKA pathway. Int J Mol Med 41: 1693-1703, 2018.
APA
Chang, G., Liu, J., Qin, S., Jiang, Y., Zhang, P., Yu, H. ... Zhang, D. (2018). Cardioprotection by exenatide: A novel mechanism via improving mitochondrial function involving the GLP-1 receptor/cAMP/PKA pathway. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 41, 1693-1703. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3318
MLA
Chang, G., Liu, J., Qin, S., Jiang, Y., Zhang, P., Yu, H., Lu, K., Zhang, N., Cao, L., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Zhang, D."Cardioprotection by exenatide: A novel mechanism via improving mitochondrial function involving the GLP-1 receptor/cAMP/PKA pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41.3 (2018): 1693-1703.
Chicago
Chang, G., Liu, J., Qin, S., Jiang, Y., Zhang, P., Yu, H., Lu, K., Zhang, N., Cao, L., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Zhang, D."Cardioprotection by exenatide: A novel mechanism via improving mitochondrial function involving the GLP-1 receptor/cAMP/PKA pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41, no. 3 (2018): 1693-1703. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3318
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Chang G, Liu J, Qin S, Jiang Y, Zhang P, Yu H, Lu K, Zhang N, Cao L, Wang Y, Wang Y, et al: Cardioprotection by exenatide: A novel mechanism via improving mitochondrial function involving the GLP-1 receptor/cAMP/PKA pathway. Int J Mol Med 41: 1693-1703, 2018.
APA
Chang, G., Liu, J., Qin, S., Jiang, Y., Zhang, P., Yu, H. ... Zhang, D. (2018). Cardioprotection by exenatide: A novel mechanism via improving mitochondrial function involving the GLP-1 receptor/cAMP/PKA pathway. International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 41, 1693-1703. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3318
MLA
Chang, G., Liu, J., Qin, S., Jiang, Y., Zhang, P., Yu, H., Lu, K., Zhang, N., Cao, L., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Zhang, D."Cardioprotection by exenatide: A novel mechanism via improving mitochondrial function involving the GLP-1 receptor/cAMP/PKA pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41.3 (2018): 1693-1703.
Chicago
Chang, G., Liu, J., Qin, S., Jiang, Y., Zhang, P., Yu, H., Lu, K., Zhang, N., Cao, L., Wang, Y., Li, Y., Zhang, D."Cardioprotection by exenatide: A novel mechanism via improving mitochondrial function involving the GLP-1 receptor/cAMP/PKA pathway". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 41, no. 3 (2018): 1693-1703. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2017.3318
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team