Open Access

Potential immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D in the prevention of severe coronavirus disease 2019: An ally for Latin America (Review)

  • Authors:
    • Francisco Javier Turrubiates‑Hernández
    • Gabriela Athziri Sánchez‑Zuno
    • Guillermo González‑Estevez
    • Jorge Hernández‑Bello
    • Gabriela Macedo‑Ojeda
    • José Francisco Muñoz‑Valle
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: February 1, 2021     https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2021.4865
  • Article Number: 32
  • Copyright: © Turrubiates‑Hernández et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Currently, the world is under a pandemic of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2), responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19). This disease is characterized by a respiratory syndrome that can progress to an acute respiratory distress syndrome. To date, limited effective therapies are available for the prevention or treatment of COVID‑19; therefore, it is necessary to propose novel treatment options with immunomodulatory effects. Vitamin D serves functions in bone health and has been recently reported to exert protective effects against respiratory infections. Observational studies have demonstrated an association between vitamin D deficiency and a poor prognosis of COVID‑19; this is alarming as vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem. In Latin America, the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency is unknown, and currently, this region is in the top 10 according to the number of confirmed COVID‑19 cases. Supplementation with vitamin D may be a useful adjunctive treatment for the prevention of COVID‑19 complications. The present review provides an overview of the current knowledge of the potential immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D in the prevention of COVID‑19 and sets out vitamin D recommendations for the Latin American population.
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April-2021
Volume 47 Issue 4

Print ISSN: 1107-3756
Online ISSN:1791-244X

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Spandidos Publications style
Turrubiates‑Hernández FJ, Sánchez‑Zuno GA, González‑Estevez G, Hernández‑Bello J, Macedo‑Ojeda G and Muñoz‑Valle JF: Potential immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D in the prevention of severe coronavirus disease 2019: An ally for Latin America (Review). Int J Mol Med 47: 32, 2021.
APA
Turrubiates‑Hernández, F.J., Sánchez‑Zuno, G.A., González‑Estevez, G., Hernández‑Bello, J., Macedo‑Ojeda, G., & Muñoz‑Valle, J.F. (2021). Potential immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D in the prevention of severe coronavirus disease 2019: An ally for Latin America (Review). International Journal of Molecular Medicine, 47, 32. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2021.4865
MLA
Turrubiates‑Hernández, F. J., Sánchez‑Zuno, G. A., González‑Estevez, G., Hernández‑Bello, J., Macedo‑Ojeda, G., Muñoz‑Valle, J. F."Potential immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D in the prevention of severe coronavirus disease 2019: An ally for Latin America (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 47.4 (2021): 32.
Chicago
Turrubiates‑Hernández, F. J., Sánchez‑Zuno, G. A., González‑Estevez, G., Hernández‑Bello, J., Macedo‑Ojeda, G., Muñoz‑Valle, J. F."Potential immunomodulatory effects of vitamin D in the prevention of severe coronavirus disease 2019: An ally for Latin America (Review)". International Journal of Molecular Medicine 47, no. 4 (2021): 32. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2021.4865