The role of the Golgi apparatus in disease (Review)

Liu,Jianyang; Huang,Yan; Li,Ting; Jiang,Zheng; Zeng,Liuwang; Hu,Zhiping

doi:10.3892/ijmm.2021.4871

The role of the Golgi apparatus in disease (Review)

Authors:
- Jianyang Liu
- Yan Huang
- Ting Li
- Zheng Jiang
- Liuwang Zeng
- Zhiping Hu
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Affiliations: Department of Neurology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
Published online on: February 4, 2021 https://doi.org/10.3892/ijmm.2021.4871
Article Number: 38
Copyright: © Liu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 4.0].

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Abstract

The Golgi apparatus is known to underpin many important cellular homeostatic functions, including trafficking, sorting and modifications of proteins or lipids. These functions are dysregulated in neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, infectious diseases and cardiovascular diseases, and the number of disease‑related genes associated with Golgi apparatus is on the increase. Recently, many studies have suggested that the mutations in the genes encoding Golgi resident proteins can trigger the occurrence of diseases. By summarizing the pathogenesis of these genetic diseases, it was found that most of these diseases have defects in membrane trafficking. Such defects typically result in mislocalization of proteins, impaired glycosylation of proteins, and the accumulation of undegraded proteins. In the present review, we aim to understand the patterns of mutations in the genes encoding Golgi resident proteins and decipher the interplay between Golgi resident proteins and membrane trafficking pathway in cells. Furthermore, the detection of Golgi resident protein in human serum samples has the potential to be used as a diagnostic tool for diseases, and its central role in membrane trafficking pathways provides possible targets for disease therapy. Thus, we also introduced the clinical value of Golgi apparatus in the present review.

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