Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
International Journal of Oncology
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1019-6439 Online ISSN: 1791-2423
Journal Cover
June-2014 Volume 44 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
June-2014 Volume 44 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Cover Legend PDF

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

The novel bladder preservation therapy BOAI-CDDP-radiation (OMC-regimen): A new treatment option for invasive bladder cancer patients with lymph node metastasis

  • Authors:
    • Haruhito Azuma
    • Teruo Inamoto
    • Kiyoshi Takahara
    • Hayahito Nomi
    • Hajime Hirano
    • Naokazu Ibuki
    • Hiroshi Uehara
    • Kazumasa Komura
    • Koichiro Minami
    • Taizo Uchimoto
    • Kenkichi Saito
    • Tomoaki Takai
    • Naoki Tanda
    • Kazuhiro Yamamoto
    • Yoshihumi Narumi
    • Satoshi Kiyama
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki City, Osaka 569-8686, Japan, Department of Radiology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki City, Osaka 569-8686, Japan
  • Pages: 1895-1903
    |
    Published online on: April 10, 2014
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2378
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

We have developed a novel bladder preservation therapy for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer and lymph node metastasis: balloon-occluded arterial infusion (BOAI) of cisplatin/gemcitabine, with concomitant hemodialysis and irradiation [the so-called ‘OMC (Osaka Medical College) regimen’]. The OMC regimen delivers an extremely high concentration of anticancer agent to the site of the tumor, as well as the pelvic area, without causing any adverse systemic effects. In this study, we investigated the efficiency of the OMC regimen in 34 patients who underwent BOAI with cisplatin (100, 200 or 300 mg) along with 60 Gy of irradiation; patients who failed to achieve CR underwent secondary BOAI with gemcitabine (1,600 mg). The overall clinical response was 73.5% (CR: 35.3%; PR: 17.6%; SD: 20.6%). The 5-year overall and progression-free survival rates were 54.4% and 52.5%, respectively. For treatment failure, N2 stage was selected as a significant risk factor by simple and multiple logistic regression analyses. Cox proportional hazards analyses showed that N2 stage, T4 stage and the presence of hydronephrosis were significant risk factors for overall survival. Indeed, 55.6% of patients with N1 stage achieved a complete response (CR) (vs. 12.5% for N2 patients, p=0.0151), and 90% (9/10) of the CR patients survived without recurrence with an intact bladder after a mean follow-up of 85 (range 7-193) weeks. The 3-year progrssion-free survival rate with an intact bladder was 65.8% (vs. 37.5% for N2, p=0.034), and the 5-year overall survival rate was 71.8% (vs. 30.6% for N2, p=0.004). No patients suffered severe toxicities of Grade II or more; the oldest patient, aged 85 years, successfully completed this therapy. In conclusion, the OMC regimen can be regarded as a new option for patients with macroscopic lymph node involvement, especially those at stage N1. Therapy will improve the feasibility of radical cure even without the need for cystectomy in patients for whom surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy would otherwise be necessary, and also facilitate potential cure in patients for whom, otherwise, merely palliative treatment would seem the only option.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

View References

1. 

Stein JP, Lieskovsky G, Cote R, et al: Radical cystectomy in the treatment of invasive bladder cancer: Long-term results in 1,054 patients. J Clin Oncol. 19:666–675. 2001.PubMed/NCBI

2. 

Mills RD, Turner WH, Fleischmann A, Markwalder R, Thalmann GN and Studer UE: Pelvic lymph node metastases from bladder cancer: outcome in 83 patients after radical cystectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy. J Urol. 166:19–23. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3. 

Vieweg J, Gschwend JE, Herr HW and Fair WR: The impact of primary stage on survival in patients with lymph node positive bladder cancer. J Urol. 161:72–76. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4. 

Vieweg J, Gschwend JE, Herr HW and Fair WR: Pelvic lymph node dissection can be curative in patients with node positive bladder cancer. J Urol. 161:449–454. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5. 

Azuma H, Inamoto T, Takahara K, et al: A great option for elderly patients with locally invasive bladder cancer, BOAI-CDDP-radiation (OMC regimen). Int J Oncol. 43:1087–1094. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

6. 

Azuma H, Inamoto T, Takahara K, et al: Effect of a novel bladder preservation therapy, BOAI-CDDP–radiation (OMC-regimen). Int J Oncol. 43:79–87. 2013.

7. 

Azuma H, Inamoto T, Ibuki N, et al: Utility of the novel bladder preservation therapy, BOAI-CDDP-radiation (OMC-regimen), for elderly patients with invasive bladder cancer. Int J Oncol. 38:13–24. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

8. 

Azuma H, Inamoto T, Ibuki N, et al: Novel bladder preservation therapy for locally invasive bladder cancer: combined therapy using balloon-occluded arterial infusion of anticancer agent and hemodialysis with concurrent radiation. Int J Oncol. 37:773–785. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar

9. 

Azuma H, Yamamoto K, Inamoto T, et al: Total cystectomy versus bladder preservation therapy for locally invasive bladder cancer: effect of combined therapy using balloon-occluded arterial infusion of anticancer agent and hemodialysis with concurrent radiation. Am J Clin Oncol. 32:592–606. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar

10. 

Azuma H, Kotake Y, Yamamoto K, et al: Effect of combined therapy using balloon-occluded arterial infusion of cisplatin and hemodialysis with concurrent radiation for locally invasive bladder cancer. Am J Clin Oncol. 31:11–21. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11. 

Greene FL, Page DL and Fleming ID: AJCC Cancer Staging Manual . 6th edition. Springer Verlag; New York: 2002, View Article : Google Scholar

12. 

Bassi P, Ferrante GD, Piazza N, et al: Prognostic factors of outcome after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: a retrospective study of a homogeneous patient cohort. J Urol. 161:1494–1497. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13. 

Madersbacher S, Hochreiter W, Burkhard F, et al: Radical cystectomy for bladder cancer today - a homogeneous series without neoadjuvant therapy. J Clin Oncol. 21:690–696. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14. 

Shariat SF, Karakiewicz PI, Palapattu GS, et al: Outcomes of radical cystectomy for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: a contemporary series from the Bladder Cancer Research Consortium. J Urol. 176:2414–2422. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15. 

Stockle M, Wellek S, Meyenburg W, et al: Radical cystectomy with or without adjuvant polychemotherapy for non-organ-confined transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder: prognostic impact of lymph node involvement. Urology. 48:868–875. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar

16. 

Herr HW, Bochner BH, Dalbagni G, Donat SM, Reuter VE and Bajorin DF: Impact of the number of lymph nodes retrieved on outcome in patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer. J Urol. 167:1295–1298. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar

17. 

Stein JP, Cai J, Groshen S and Skinner DG: Risk factors for patients with pelvic lymph node metastases following radical cystectomy with en bloc pelvic lymphadenectomy: concept of lymph node density. J Urol. 170:35–41. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18. 

Herr HW: Superiority of ratio based lymph node staging for bladder cancer. J Urol. 169:943–945. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19. 

Cheng CW, Ng CF, Chan CK, Wong WS, Hui PE and Wong YF: A fourteen-year review of radical cystectomy for transitional cell carcinoma demonstrating the usefulness of the concept of lymph node density. Int Braz J Urol. 32:536–549. 2006.

20. 

Kassouf W, Agarwal PK, Herr HW, et al: Lymph node density is superior to TNM nodal status in predicting disease-specific survival after radical cystectomy for bladder cancer: analysis of pooled data from MDACC and MSKCC. J Clin Oncol. 26:121–126. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar

21. 

Dhar NB, Klein EA, Reuther AM, Thalmann GN, Madersbacher S and Studer UE: Outcome after radical cystectomy with limited or extended pelvic lymph node dissection. J Urol. 179:873–878. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar

22. 

Konety BR, Joslyn SA and O’Donnell MA: Extent of pelvic lymphadenectomy and its impact on outcome in patients diagnosed with bladder cancer: analysis of data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program data base. J Urol. 169:946–950. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23. 

Leissner J, Ghoneim MA, Abol-Enein H, et al: Extended radical lymphadenectomy in patients with urothelial bladder cancer: results of a prospective multicenter study. J Urol. 171:139–144. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24. 

Koppie TM, Vickers AJ, Vora K, Dalbagni G and Bochner BH: Standardization of pelvic lymphadenectomy performed at radical cystectomy: can we establish a minimum number of lymph nodes that should be removed? Cancer. 107:2368–2374. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25. 

No authors listed: Neoadjuvant cisplatin, methotrexate, and vinblastine chemotherapy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a randomised controlled trial. International collaboration of trialists Lancet. 354:533–540. 1999.

26. 

Grossman HB, Natale RB, Tangen CM, et al: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus cystectomy compared with cystectomy alone for locally advanced bladder cancer. N Engl J Med. 349:859–866. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27. 

Advanced Bladder Cancer Meta-analysis Collaboration: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 361:1927–1934. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28. 

Winquist E, Kirchner TS, Segal R, Chin J and Lukka H: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Urol. 171:561–569. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29. 

Collins JM: Pharmacokinetic rationale for intraarterial therapy. Cancer Chemotherapy, Challenges for the Future. Kimura K: 4. Excepta Medica, Amsterdam; 1989

30. 

Mitsuzane K, Kawabata M, Terada M, Nomura S, Sato M and Yamada R: Balloon-occluded arterial infusion as chemotherapy in bladder cancer-long-term results. Gan To Kagaku Ryoho. 17:1701–1704. 1990.(In Japanese).

31. 

Talley RW, O’Bryan RM, Gutterman JU, Brownlee RW and McCredie KB: Clinical evaluation of toxic effects of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (NSC-119875) - phase I clinical study. Cancer Chemother Rep. 57:465–471. 1973.PubMed/NCBI

32. 

Cvitkovic E, Spaulding J, Bethune V, Martin J and Whitmore WF: Improvement of cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum (NSC 119875): therapeutic index in an animal model. Cancer. 39:1357–1361. 1977. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33. 

Abol-Enein H, El-Baz M, Abd El-Hameed MA, Abdel-Latif M and Ghoneim MA: Lymph node involvement in patients with bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy: a patho-anatomical study - a single center experience. J Urol. 172:1818–1821. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34. 

Vazina A, Dugi D, Shariat SF, Evans J, Link R and Lerner SP: Stage specific lymph node metastasis mapping in radical cystectomy specimens. J Urol. 171:1830–1834. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35. 

Douple EB and Richmond RC: A review of platinum complex biochemistry suggests a rationale for combined platinum-radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 8:1335–1339. 1979. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36. 

Douple EB and Richmond RC: Radiosensitization of hypoxic tumor cells by cis- and trans-dichlorodiammineplatinum (II). Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 5:1369–1372. 1979. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37. 

Abbott DW, Freeman ML and Holt JT: Double-strand break repair deficiency and radiation sensitivity in BRCA2 mutant cancer cells. J Natl Cancer Inst. 90:978–985. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38. 

Brown JM and Wouters BG: Apoptosis, p53, and tumor cell sensitivity to anticancer agents. Cancer Res. 59:1391–1399. 1999.PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Azuma H, Inamoto T, Takahara K, Nomi H, Hirano H, Ibuki N, Uehara H, Komura K, Minami K, Uchimoto T, Uchimoto T, et al: The novel bladder preservation therapy BOAI-CDDP-radiation (OMC-regimen): A new treatment option for invasive bladder cancer patients with lymph node metastasis. Int J Oncol 44: 1895-1903, 2014.
APA
Azuma, H., Inamoto, T., Takahara, K., Nomi, H., Hirano, H., Ibuki, N. ... Kiyama, S. (2014). The novel bladder preservation therapy BOAI-CDDP-radiation (OMC-regimen): A new treatment option for invasive bladder cancer patients with lymph node metastasis. International Journal of Oncology, 44, 1895-1903. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2378
MLA
Azuma, H., Inamoto, T., Takahara, K., Nomi, H., Hirano, H., Ibuki, N., Uehara, H., Komura, K., Minami, K., Uchimoto, T., Saito, K., Takai, T., Tanda, N., Yamamoto, K., Narumi, Y., Kiyama, S."The novel bladder preservation therapy BOAI-CDDP-radiation (OMC-regimen): A new treatment option for invasive bladder cancer patients with lymph node metastasis". International Journal of Oncology 44.6 (2014): 1895-1903.
Chicago
Azuma, H., Inamoto, T., Takahara, K., Nomi, H., Hirano, H., Ibuki, N., Uehara, H., Komura, K., Minami, K., Uchimoto, T., Saito, K., Takai, T., Tanda, N., Yamamoto, K., Narumi, Y., Kiyama, S."The novel bladder preservation therapy BOAI-CDDP-radiation (OMC-regimen): A new treatment option for invasive bladder cancer patients with lymph node metastasis". International Journal of Oncology 44, no. 6 (2014): 1895-1903. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2378
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Azuma H, Inamoto T, Takahara K, Nomi H, Hirano H, Ibuki N, Uehara H, Komura K, Minami K, Uchimoto T, Uchimoto T, et al: The novel bladder preservation therapy BOAI-CDDP-radiation (OMC-regimen): A new treatment option for invasive bladder cancer patients with lymph node metastasis. Int J Oncol 44: 1895-1903, 2014.
APA
Azuma, H., Inamoto, T., Takahara, K., Nomi, H., Hirano, H., Ibuki, N. ... Kiyama, S. (2014). The novel bladder preservation therapy BOAI-CDDP-radiation (OMC-regimen): A new treatment option for invasive bladder cancer patients with lymph node metastasis. International Journal of Oncology, 44, 1895-1903. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2378
MLA
Azuma, H., Inamoto, T., Takahara, K., Nomi, H., Hirano, H., Ibuki, N., Uehara, H., Komura, K., Minami, K., Uchimoto, T., Saito, K., Takai, T., Tanda, N., Yamamoto, K., Narumi, Y., Kiyama, S."The novel bladder preservation therapy BOAI-CDDP-radiation (OMC-regimen): A new treatment option for invasive bladder cancer patients with lymph node metastasis". International Journal of Oncology 44.6 (2014): 1895-1903.
Chicago
Azuma, H., Inamoto, T., Takahara, K., Nomi, H., Hirano, H., Ibuki, N., Uehara, H., Komura, K., Minami, K., Uchimoto, T., Saito, K., Takai, T., Tanda, N., Yamamoto, K., Narumi, Y., Kiyama, S."The novel bladder preservation therapy BOAI-CDDP-radiation (OMC-regimen): A new treatment option for invasive bladder cancer patients with lymph node metastasis". International Journal of Oncology 44, no. 6 (2014): 1895-1903. https://doi.org/10.3892/ijo.2014.2378
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team