Retrospective analysis of <em>Porphyromonas gingivalis</em> in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in central China

Gu,Bianli; Wang,Yuehui; Huang,Jianwei; Guo,Jingyi; Ma,Lixia; Qi,Yijun; Gao,Shegan

doi:10.3892/mco.2023.2628

Retrospective analysis of Porphyromonas gingivalis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma in central China

Authors:
- Bianli Gu
- Yuehui Wang
- Jianwei Huang
- Jingyi Guo
- Lixia Ma
- Yijun Qi
- Shegan Gao
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Affiliations: Henan Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment; Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital (College of Clinical Medicine) of Henan University of Science and Technology, Jianxi, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China, Department of Otolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China, Department of Pathology, Luoyang Central Hospital Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China, Henan Key Laboratory of Microbiome and Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment; Henan Key Laboratory of Cancer Epigenetics, Cancer Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital (College of Clinical Medicine) of Henan University of Science and Technology, Jianxi, Luoyang, Henan 471003, P.R. China
Published online on: February 23, 2023 https://doi.org/10.3892/mco.2023.2628
Article Number: 32
Copyright: © Gu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Little is known about the presence and possible role of Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), its co‑infection with Epstein‑Barr virus (EBV), or their association with clinical characteristics of patients with NPC in Central China, where NPC is non‑endemic. A total of 45 NPC formalin‑fixed paraffin‑embedded (FFPE) tissues were retrospectively analyzed using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and a nested PCR combined with DNA sequencing to detect the presence of P. gingivalis, and using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR to detect the presence of EBV. Clinical data including EBV and P. gingivalis status were associated with overall survival (OS). All tumors were undifferentiated, non‑keratinizing carcinomas, of which 40/45 (88.9%) were positive for EBV (EBV⁺), 26/45 (57.8%) were positive for P. gingivalis (by IHC), and 7/45 (15.6%) were positive for P. gingivalis DNA (P. gingivalis⁺). All seven P. gingivalis DNA‑positive NPCs were co‑infected with EBV. The 5‑year survival rates of the patients with EBV^‑/P. gingivalis^‑, EBV⁺/P. gingivalis^‑, and EBV⁺/P. gingivalis⁺ tumors were 60.0% (3/5), 39.4% (13/33) and 42.9% (3/7), respectively. No significant difference was found between the OS of NPC patients among the different infection groups (P=0.793). In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to describe and confirm the presence of P. gingivalis in FFPE tissues from patients with NPC. P. gingivalis was found to co‑exist with EBV in NPC tumor tissues, but is not etiologically relevant to NPC in non‑endemic areas, such as Central China.

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