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Article Open Access

Agmatine protects Müller cells from high‑concentration glucose‑induced cell damage via N‑methyl‑D‑aspartic acid receptor inhibition

  • Authors:
    • Ning Han
    • Li Yu
    • Zhidu Song
    • Lifu Luo
    • Yazhen Wu
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China, Department of Ocular Fundus Disease, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130041, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Han et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License [CC BY_NC 3.0].
  • Pages: 1098-1106
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    Published online on: March 24, 2015
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3540
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Abstract

Neural injury is associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy. Müller cells provide structural and metabolic support for retinal neurons. High glucose concentrations are known to induce Müller cell activity. Agmatine is an endogenous polyamine, which is enzymatically formed in the mammalian brain and has exhibited neuroprotective effects in a number of experimental models. The aims of the present study were to investigate whether agmatine protects Müller cells from glucose‑induced damage and to explore the mechanisms underlying this process. Lactate dehydrogenase activity and tumor necrosis factor‑α mRNA expression were significantly reduced in Müller cells exposed to a high glucose concentration, following agmatine treatment, compared with cells not treated with agmatine. In addition, agmatine treatment inhibited glucose‑induced Müller cell apoptosis, which was associated with the regulation of Bax and Bcl‑2 expression. Agmatine treatment suppressed glucose‑induced phosphorylation of mitogen‑activated protein kinase (MAPK) protein in Müller cells. The present study demonstrated that the protective effects of agmatine on Müller cells were inhibited by N‑methyl‑D‑aspartic acid (NMDA). The results of the present study suggested that agmatine treatment protects Müller cells from high‑concentration glucose‑induced cell damage. The underlying mechanisms may relate to the anti‑inflammatory and antiapoptotic effects of agmatine, as well as to the inhibition of the MAPK pathway, via NMDA receptor suppression. Agmatine may be of use in the development of novel therapeutic approaches for patients with diabetic retinopathy.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Han N, Yu L, Song Z, Luo L and Wu Y: Agmatine protects Müller cells from high‑concentration glucose‑induced cell damage via N‑methyl‑D‑aspartic acid receptor inhibition. Mol Med Rep 12: 1098-1106, 2015.
APA
Han, N., Yu, L., Song, Z., Luo, L., & Wu, Y. (2015). Agmatine protects Müller cells from high‑concentration glucose‑induced cell damage via N‑methyl‑D‑aspartic acid receptor inhibition. Molecular Medicine Reports, 12, 1098-1106. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3540
MLA
Han, N., Yu, L., Song, Z., Luo, L., Wu, Y."Agmatine protects Müller cells from high‑concentration glucose‑induced cell damage via N‑methyl‑D‑aspartic acid receptor inhibition". Molecular Medicine Reports 12.1 (2015): 1098-1106.
Chicago
Han, N., Yu, L., Song, Z., Luo, L., Wu, Y."Agmatine protects Müller cells from high‑concentration glucose‑induced cell damage via N‑methyl‑D‑aspartic acid receptor inhibition". Molecular Medicine Reports 12, no. 1 (2015): 1098-1106. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3540
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Han N, Yu L, Song Z, Luo L and Wu Y: Agmatine protects Müller cells from high‑concentration glucose‑induced cell damage via N‑methyl‑D‑aspartic acid receptor inhibition. Mol Med Rep 12: 1098-1106, 2015.
APA
Han, N., Yu, L., Song, Z., Luo, L., & Wu, Y. (2015). Agmatine protects Müller cells from high‑concentration glucose‑induced cell damage via N‑methyl‑D‑aspartic acid receptor inhibition. Molecular Medicine Reports, 12, 1098-1106. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3540
MLA
Han, N., Yu, L., Song, Z., Luo, L., Wu, Y."Agmatine protects Müller cells from high‑concentration glucose‑induced cell damage via N‑methyl‑D‑aspartic acid receptor inhibition". Molecular Medicine Reports 12.1 (2015): 1098-1106.
Chicago
Han, N., Yu, L., Song, Z., Luo, L., Wu, Y."Agmatine protects Müller cells from high‑concentration glucose‑induced cell damage via N‑methyl‑D‑aspartic acid receptor inhibition". Molecular Medicine Reports 12, no. 1 (2015): 1098-1106. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2015.3540
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