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Article

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor induces autophagy to resist hypoxia/serum deprivation‑induced apoptosis via the AMP‑activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway

  • Authors:
    • Wenzheng Xia
    • Meng Hou
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China, Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
  • Pages: 2619-2626
    |
    Published online on: February 3, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.4847
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Abstract

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is an anti‑apoptotic agent in various cell types and protects the heart from stress‑induced injury by modulating autophagy. Autophagy, a conserved pathway for bulk degradation of intracellular proteins and organelles, helps to preserve and recycle energy and nutrients for cells to survive during starvation. The present study hypothesized that MIF protects bone marrow‑derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from apoptosis by modulating autophagy via the AMP‑activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin (AMPK/mTOR) signaling pathway. MSCs were obtained from rat bone marrow and cultured. Apoptosis was induced by hypoxia/serum deprivation for 24 h and was assessed using flow cytometry. MIF protected MSCs from apoptosis by modulating autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway resulting in increased expression of autophagy‑associated proteins (including LC3BI/LC3BII, Beclin‑1 and autophagy protein 5), and by increased phosphorylation of AMPK and decreased phosphorylation of mTOR. The MIF anti‑apoptotic effects were blocked by autophagy inhibitor, 3‑methyladenine or AMPK inhibitor, Compound C. These results indicate that MIF exerts a permissive role in protecting MSCs from apoptosis by regulation of autophagy via the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Xia W and Hou M: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor induces autophagy to resist hypoxia/serum deprivation‑induced apoptosis via the AMP‑activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 13: 2619-2626, 2016.
APA
Xia, W., & Hou, M. (2016). Macrophage migration inhibitory factor induces autophagy to resist hypoxia/serum deprivation‑induced apoptosis via the AMP‑activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. Molecular Medicine Reports, 13, 2619-2626. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.4847
MLA
Xia, W., Hou, M."Macrophage migration inhibitory factor induces autophagy to resist hypoxia/serum deprivation‑induced apoptosis via the AMP‑activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway". Molecular Medicine Reports 13.3 (2016): 2619-2626.
Chicago
Xia, W., Hou, M."Macrophage migration inhibitory factor induces autophagy to resist hypoxia/serum deprivation‑induced apoptosis via the AMP‑activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway". Molecular Medicine Reports 13, no. 3 (2016): 2619-2626. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.4847
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Xia W and Hou M: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor induces autophagy to resist hypoxia/serum deprivation‑induced apoptosis via the AMP‑activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 13: 2619-2626, 2016.
APA
Xia, W., & Hou, M. (2016). Macrophage migration inhibitory factor induces autophagy to resist hypoxia/serum deprivation‑induced apoptosis via the AMP‑activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway. Molecular Medicine Reports, 13, 2619-2626. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.4847
MLA
Xia, W., Hou, M."Macrophage migration inhibitory factor induces autophagy to resist hypoxia/serum deprivation‑induced apoptosis via the AMP‑activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway". Molecular Medicine Reports 13.3 (2016): 2619-2626.
Chicago
Xia, W., Hou, M."Macrophage migration inhibitory factor induces autophagy to resist hypoxia/serum deprivation‑induced apoptosis via the AMP‑activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway". Molecular Medicine Reports 13, no. 3 (2016): 2619-2626. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2016.4847
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