Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
October-2019 Volume 20 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
October-2019 Volume 20 Issue 4

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Neuroprotective role of icariin in experimental spinal cord injury via its antioxidant, anti‑neuroinflammatory and anti‑apoptotic properties

  • Authors:
    • Guizhi Jia
    • Yuqiang Zhang
    • Weihong Li
    • Hongliang Dai
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Physiology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China, Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China, School of Nursing, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
  • Pages: 3433-3439
    |
    Published online on: July 30, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.10537
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Icariin is a type of flavonoid derived from the Chinese herbal plant Epimedium sagittatum Maxim. Mounting evidence has confirmed the beneficial effects of icariin in neurological diseases, including spinal cord injury (SCI). The aim of the present study was to investigate the neuroprotective effects of icariin in SCI and the precise underlying mechanism. The weight‑drop injury technique was applied to construct an SCI model in Sprague‑Dawley rats. Icariin (35 µmol/kg) was administered orally once daily for 7 consecutive days to examine its neuroprotective effects. The Basso, Beattie and Bresnahan scoring system was used for neurobehavioral evaluation. The water content of the injured spinal cord was measured via the dry‑wet weight method. Biochemical indices were examined by colorimetric assay using commercially available kits. Western blot analysis was used to detect protein expression. Icariin significantly accelerated the recovery of the locomotor function of SCI rats and decreased spinal cord water content. Icariin also attenuated SCI‑induced pro‑apoptotic protein expression and activity, while it increased anti‑apoptotic protein levels. In addition, icariin alleviated oxidative stress in SCI rats and decreased the levels of inflammatory molecules, including interleukin (IL)‑1β, IL‑6, tumor necrosis factor‑α, nitric oxide, nuclear factor‑κB and inducible nitric oxide synthase, and increased the expression of anti‑inflammatory proteins, including NADPH‑quinone oxidoreductase‑1, heme oxygenase‑1 and nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 in the injured spinal cord. Therefore, icariin treatment accelerated locomotor function recovery in SCI, and its protective effects may be mediated via its antioxidant, anti‑inflammatory and anti‑apoptotic bioactivity.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Xu M, Li H, Zhao Z, Yang Y, Sun Z, Han H, Zhang X and Reinhardt JD: Environmental barriers, functioning and quality of life in 2008 Wenchuan earthquake victims with spinal cord injury eight years after the disaster: A cross-sectional study. J Rehabil Med. 50:866–871. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Maitan P, Frigerio S, Conti A, Clari M, Vellone E and Alvaro R: The effect of the burden of caregiving for people with spinal cord injury (SCI): A cross-sectional study. Ann Ist Super Sanita. 54:185–193. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

3 

Quadri SA, Farooqui M, Ikram A, Zafar A, Khan MA, Suriya SS, Claus CF, Fiani B, Rahman M, Ramachandran A, et al: Recent update on basic mechanisms of spinal cord injury. Neurosurg Rev. July 11–2018.(Epub ahead of print). View Article : Google Scholar

4 

Sobrido-Camean D and Barreiro-Iglesias A: Role of Caspase-8 and fas in cell death after spinal cord injury. Front Mol Neurosci. 11:1012018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Rudman MD, Choi JS, Lee HE, Tan SK, Ayad NG and Lee JK: Bromodomain and extraterminal domain-containing protein inhibition attenuates acute inflammation after spinal cord injury. Exp Neurol. 309:181–192. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Donovan J and Kirshblum S: Clinical trials in traumatic spinal cord injury. Neurotherapeutics. 15:654–668. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Jiang Y, Gong FL, Zhao GB and Li J: Chrysin suppressed inflammatory responses and the inducible nitric oxide synthase pathway after spinal cord injury in rats. Int J Mol Sci. 15:12270–12279. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Kang S, Liu S, Li H, Wang D and Qi X: Baicalin effects on rats with spinal cord injury by anti-inflammatory and regulating the serum metabolic disorder. J Cell Biochem. 119:7767–7779. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Zhou L, Ouyang L, Lin S, Chen S, Liu Y, Zhou W and Wang X: Protective role of β-carotene against oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in a rat model of spinal cord injury. Int Immunopharmacol. 61:92–99. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Liu P, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Guo R and Mei W: Lithium chloride facilitates autophagy following spinal cord injury via ERK-dependent pathway. Neurotox Res. 32:535–543. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Silva NA, Sousa N, Reis RL and Salgado AJ: From basics to clinical: A comprehensive review on spinal cord injury. Prog Neurobiol. 114:25–57. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Tohda C and Nagata A: Epimedium koreanum extract and its constituent icariin improve motor dysfunction in spinal cord injury. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012:7312082012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Wang C, Liu C, Gao K, Zhao H, Zhou Z, Shen Z, Guo Y, Li Z, Yao T and Mei X: Metformin preconditioning provide neuroprotection through enhancement of autophagy and suppression of inflammation and apoptosis after spinal cord injury. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 477:534–540. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Yacoub A, Hajec MC, Stanger R, Wan W, Young H and Mathern BE: Neuroprotective effects of perflurocarbon (oxycyte) after contusive spinal cord injury. J Neurotrauma. 31:256–267. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Dai H, Song D, Xu J, Li B, Hertz L and Peng L: Ammonia-induced Na,K-ATPase/ouabain-mediated EGF receptor transactivation, MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT signaling and ROS formation cause astrocyte swelling. Neurochem Int. 63:610–625. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Wang GQ, Li DD, Huang C, Lu DS, Zhang C, Zhou SY, Liu J and Zhang F: Icariin reduces dopaminergic neuronal loss and microglia-mediated inflammation in vivo and in vitro. Front Mol Neurosci. 10:4412018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Zhou J, Wu J, Chen X, Fortenbery N, Eksioglu E, Kodumudi KN, Pk EB, Dong J, Djeu JY and Wei S: Icariin and its derivative, ICT, exert anti-inflammatory, anti-tumor effects, and modulate myeloid derived suppressive cells (MDSCs) functions. Int Immunopharmacol. 11:890–898. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Liu Y, Zuo H, Liu X, Xiong J and Pei X: The antiosteoporosis effect of icariin in ovariectomized rats: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 63:124–131. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Li C, Li Q, Mei Q and Lu T: Pharmacological effects and pharmacokinetic properties of icariin, the major bioactive component in Herba Epimedii. Life Sci. 126:57–68. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Sheng C, Xu P, Zhou K, Deng D, Zhang C and Wang Z: Icariin attenuates synaptic and cognitive deficits in an Aβ1-42-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease. Biomed Res Int. 2017:74648722017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Jin J, Wang H, Hua X, Chen D, Huang C and Chen Z: An outline for the pharmacological effect of icariin in the nervous system. Eur J Pharmacol. 842:20–32. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Chen WF, Wu L, Du ZR, Chen L, Xu AL, Chen XH, Teng JJ and Wong MS: Neuroprotective properties of icariin in MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease: Involvement of PI3K/Akt and MEK/ERK signaling pathways. Phytomedicine. 25:93–99. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Chen XB, Wang ZL, Yang QY, Zhao FY, Qin XL, Tang XE, Du JL, Chen ZH, Zhang K and Huang FJ: Diosgenin glucoside protects against spinal cord injury by regulating autophagy and alleviating apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci. 19(pii): E22742018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Wang Z, Zhou L, Zheng X, Chen G, Pan R, Li J and Liu W: Autophagy protects against PI3K/Akt/mTOR-mediated apoptosis of spinal cord neurons after mechanical injury. Neurosci Lett. 656:158–164. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Zhao H, Chen S, Gao K, Zhou Z, Wang C, Shen Z, Guo Y, Li Z, Wan Z, Liu C and Mei X: Resveratrol protects against spinal cord injury by activating autophagy and inhibiting apoptosis mediated by the SIRT1/AMPK signaling pathway. Neuroscience. 348:241–251. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Qian ZQ, Wang YW, Li YL, Li YQ, Ling-Zhu and Yang DL: Icariin prevents hypertension-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. Biomed Pharmacother. 88:823–831. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Wang Q, Hao J, Pu J, Zhao L, Lü Z, Hu J, Yu Q, Wang Y, Xie Y and Li G: Icariin induces apoptosis in mouse MLTC-10 Leydig tumor cells through activation of the mitochondrial pathway and down-regulation of the expression of piwil4. Int J Oncol. 39:973–980. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

28 

Li S, Dong P, Wang J, Zhang J, Gu J, Wu X, Wu W, Fei X, Zhang Z, Wang Y, et al: Icariin, a natural flavonol glycoside, induces apoptosis in human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells via a ROS/JNK-dependent mitochondrial pathway. Cancer Lett. 298:222–230. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Li H, Zhang X, Zhu X, Qi X, Lin K and Cheng L: The effects of icariin on enhancing motor recovery through attenuating pro-inflammatory factors and oxidative stress via mitochondrial apoptotic pathway in the mice model of spinal cord injury. Front Physiol. 9:16172018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Kong G, Huang Z, Ji W, Wang X, Liu J, Wu X, Huang Z, Li R and Zhu Q: The ketone metabolite β-hydroxybutyrate attenuates oxidative stress in spinal cord injury by suppression of class I histone deacetylases. JJ Neurotrauma. 34:2645–2655. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar

31 

Cong L and Chen W: Neuroprotective effect of ginsenoside Rd in spinal cord injury rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol. 119:193–201. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Sun S, Liu L, Tian X, Guo Y, Cao Y, Mei Y and Wang C: Icariin attenuates high glucose-induced apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammation in human umbilical venous endothelial cells. Planta Med. 85:473–482. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Zheng Y, Zhu G, He J, Wang G, Li D and Zhang F: Icariin targets Nrf2 signaling to inhibit microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. Int Immunopharmacol. 73:304–311. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Xu G, Shi D, Zhi Z, Ao R and Yu B: Melatonin ameliorates spinal cord injury by suppressing the activation of inflammasomes in rats. J Cell Biochem. 120:5183–5192. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Li Z, Yao F, Cheng L, Cheng W, Qi L, Yu S, Zhang L, Zha X and Jing J: Low frequency pulsed electromagnetic field promotes the recovery of neurological function after spinal cord injury in rats. J Orthop Res. 37:449–456. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Park SY, Kim YH and Park G: Cucurbitacins attenuate microglial activation and protect from neuroinflammatory injury through Nrf2/ARE activation and STAT/NF-κB inhibition. Neurosci Lett. 609:129–136. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Wei W, Shurui C, Zipeng Z, Hongliang D, Hongyu W, Yuanlong L, Kang Z, Zhaoliang S, Yue G, Chang L and Mei X: Aspirin suppresses neuronal apoptosis, reduces tissue inflammation, and restrains astrocyte activation by activating the Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Neuroreport. 29:524–531. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Xia P, Gao X, Duan L, Zhang W and Sun YF: Mulberrin (Mul) reduces spinal cord injury (SCI)-induced apoptosis, inflammation and oxidative stress in rats via miroRNA-337 by targeting Nrf-2. Biomed Pharmacother. 107:1480–1487. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Kim Y, Kim J, Ahn M and Shin T: Lithium ameliorates rat spinal cord injury by suppressing glycogen synthase kinase-3β and activating heme oxygenase-1. Anat Cell Biol. 50:207–213. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Kong L, Liang X, Liu A, Yang X, Luo Q, Lv Y and Dong J: Icariin inhibits inflammation via immunomodulation of the cutaneous hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis in vitro. Clin Exp Dermatol. 44:144–152. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Hua W, Zhang Y, Wu X, Kang L, Tu J, Zhao K, Li S, Wang K, Song Y, Luo R, et al: Icariin attenuates interleukin-1β-induced inflammatory response in human nucleus pulposus cells. Curr Pharm Des. 23:6071–6078. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Chen S, Ye J, Chen X, Shi J, Wu W, Lin W, Lin W, Li Y, Fu H and Li S: Valproic acid attenuates traumatic spinal cord injury-induced inflammation via STAT1 and NF-κB pathway dependent of HDAC3. J Neuroinflammation. 15:1502018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Hwang E, Lin P, Ngo HTT, Gao W, Wang YS, Yu HS and Yi TH: Icariin and icaritin recover UVB-induced photoaging by stimulating Nrf2/ARE and reducing AP-1 and NF-κB signaling pathways: A comparative study on UVB-irradiated human keratinocytes. Photochem Photobiol Sci. 17:1396–1408. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Wang S and Ren D: Allicin protects traumatic spinal cord injury through regulating the HSP70/Akt/iNOS pathway in mice. Mol Med Rep. 14:3086–3092. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Li Z, Du J, Sun H, Mang J, He J, Wang J, Liu H and Xu Z: Effects of the combination of methylprednisolone with aminoguanidine on functional recovery in rats following spinal cord injury. Exp Ther Med. 7:1605–1610. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Ren XS, Ding W and Yang XY: Neuroprotective effect of icariin on spinal cord injury in rats. Zhongguo Gu Shang. 31:1054–1060. 2018.(In Chinese). PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Jia G, Zhang Y, Li W and Dai H: Neuroprotective role of icariin in experimental spinal cord injury via its antioxidant, anti‑neuroinflammatory and anti‑apoptotic properties. Mol Med Rep 20: 3433-3439, 2019.
APA
Jia, G., Zhang, Y., Li, W., & Dai, H. (2019). Neuroprotective role of icariin in experimental spinal cord injury via its antioxidant, anti‑neuroinflammatory and anti‑apoptotic properties. Molecular Medicine Reports, 20, 3433-3439. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.10537
MLA
Jia, G., Zhang, Y., Li, W., Dai, H."Neuroprotective role of icariin in experimental spinal cord injury via its antioxidant, anti‑neuroinflammatory and anti‑apoptotic properties". Molecular Medicine Reports 20.4 (2019): 3433-3439.
Chicago
Jia, G., Zhang, Y., Li, W., Dai, H."Neuroprotective role of icariin in experimental spinal cord injury via its antioxidant, anti‑neuroinflammatory and anti‑apoptotic properties". Molecular Medicine Reports 20, no. 4 (2019): 3433-3439. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.10537
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Jia G, Zhang Y, Li W and Dai H: Neuroprotective role of icariin in experimental spinal cord injury via its antioxidant, anti‑neuroinflammatory and anti‑apoptotic properties. Mol Med Rep 20: 3433-3439, 2019.
APA
Jia, G., Zhang, Y., Li, W., & Dai, H. (2019). Neuroprotective role of icariin in experimental spinal cord injury via its antioxidant, anti‑neuroinflammatory and anti‑apoptotic properties. Molecular Medicine Reports, 20, 3433-3439. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.10537
MLA
Jia, G., Zhang, Y., Li, W., Dai, H."Neuroprotective role of icariin in experimental spinal cord injury via its antioxidant, anti‑neuroinflammatory and anti‑apoptotic properties". Molecular Medicine Reports 20.4 (2019): 3433-3439.
Chicago
Jia, G., Zhang, Y., Li, W., Dai, H."Neuroprotective role of icariin in experimental spinal cord injury via its antioxidant, anti‑neuroinflammatory and anti‑apoptotic properties". Molecular Medicine Reports 20, no. 4 (2019): 3433-3439. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2019.10537
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team