Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Molecular Medicine Reports
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1791-2997 Online ISSN: 1791-3004
Journal Cover
May-2021 Volume 23 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
May-2021 Volume 23 Issue 5

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML

  • Supplementary Files
    • Supplementary_Data.pdf
Article Open Access

miR-93-5p promotes insulin resistance to regulate type 2 diabetes progression in HepG2 cells by targeting HGF

  • Authors:
    • Man Zhou
    • Yilin Hou
    • Jun Wu
    • Guangli Li
    • Ping Cao
    • Wan Chen
    • Lingli Hu
    • Dingyun Gan
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Endocrinology, Wuhan Third Hospital, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Zhou et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 329
    |
    Published online on: March 8, 2021
       https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.11968
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Insulin resistance is a common feature of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the mechanisms underlying insulin resistance are not completely understood. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of microRNA (miR)‑93‑5p on insulin resistance in T2DM cells. Human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; HepG2) cells were cultured in medium with high glucose content (30 mM glucose) to establish an in vitro insulin‑resistant cell model (IR group). Glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis assays were performed to assess glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis, respectively. By performing immunoprecipitation assays, the abundance of the Met‑insulin receptor complex was detected in HepG2 cells. miR‑93‑5p and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mRNA expression levels were measured via reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, and HGF protein expression levels were measured via western blotting. A dual‑luciferase reporter assay was conducted to investigate the interaction between miR‑93‑5p and HGF. Cell Counting Kit‑8, BrdU and caspase‑3 activity assays were performed to evaluate cell viability, proliferation and apoptosis, respectively, in insulin‑resistant HepG2 cells following transfection with small interfering RNA‑HGF, HGF overexpression vector, miR‑93‑5p mimic or miR‑93‑5p inhibitor. The results demonstrated that miR‑93‑5p expression was significantly increased and HGF expression was significantly decreased in HCC tissues isolated from patients with or without T2DM compared with adjacent healthy tissues isolated from patients without T2DM. Compared with the IR group, miR‑93‑5p overexpression significantly increased cell proliferation, glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis, but significantly inhibited apoptosis in insulin‑resistant HepG2 cells. By contrast, compared with the IR group, HGF overexpression significantly inhibited cell proliferation, glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis, but significantly enhanced cell apoptosis in insulin‑resistant HepG2 cells. Following co‑transfection with HGF overexpression vector and miR‑93‑5p mimic, miR‑93‑5p mimic‑mediated induction of HepG2 cell proliferation, glucose consumption and glycogen synthesis in insulin‑resistant HepG2 cells was inhibited. Collectively, the results of the present study indicated that miR‑93‑5p enhanced insulin resistance to regulate T2DM progression in HepG2 cells by targeting HGF.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

View References

1 

Triplitt CL: Examining the mechanisms of glucose regulation. Am J Manag Care. 18 (Suppl 1):S4–S10. 2012.PubMed/NCBI

2 

Chatterjee S, Khunti K and Davies MJ: Type 2 diabetes. Lancet. 389:2239–2251. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Petersen MC and Shulman GI: Mechanisms of insulin action and insulin resistance. Physiol Rev. 98:2133–2223. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Chan JC, Malik V, Jia W, Kadowaki T, Yajnik CS, Yoon KH and Hu FB: Diabetes in Asia: Epidemiology, risk factors, and pathophysiology. JAMA. 301:2129–2140. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Riddy DM, Delerive P, Summers RJ, Sexton PM and Langmead CJ: G Protein-coupled receptors targeting insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pharmacol Rev. 70:39–67. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Li G, Zhou F, Chen Y, Zhang W and Wang N: Kukoamine A attenuates insulin resistance and fatty liver through downregulation of Srebp-1c. Biomed Pharmacother. 89:536–543. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

von Horn C and Minor T: Modern concepts for the dynamic preservation of the liver and kidneys in the context of transplantation. Pathologe. 40:292–298. 2019.(In German). View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

El-Serag HB, Hampel H and Javadi F: The association between diabetes and hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 4:369–380. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Polesel J, Zucchetto A, Montella M, Dal Maso L, Crispo A, La Vecchia C, Serraino D, Franceschi S and Talamini R: The impact of obesity and diabetes mellitus on the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Oncol. 20:353–357. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Ueki T, Kaneda Y, Tsutsui H, Nakanishi K, Sawa Y, Morishita R, Matsumoto K, Nakamura T, Takahashi H, Okamoto E, et al: Hepatocyte growth factor gene therapy of liver cirrhosis in rats. Nat Med. 5:226–230. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Fafalios A, Ma J, Tan X, Stoops J, Luo J, Defrances MC and Zarnegar R: A hepatocyte growth factor receptor (Met)-insulin receptor hybrid governs hepatic glucose metabolism. Nat Med. 17:1577–1584. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Zhang YY, Li C, Yao GF, Du LJ, Liu Y, Zheng XJ, Yan S, Sun JY, Liu Y, Liu MZ, et al: Deletion of Macrophage Mineralocorticoid Receptor Protects Hepatic Steatosis and Insulin Resistance Through ERα/HGF/Met Pathway. Diabetes. 66:1535–1547. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Oliveira AG, Araújo TG, Carvalho BM, Rocha GZ, Santos A and Saad MJ: The role of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in insulin resistance and diabetes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 9:5032018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Li Z, Xu R and Li N: MicroRNAs from plants to animals, do they define a new messenger for communication? Nutr Metab (Lond). 15:682018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Reinhart BJ, Weinstein EG, Rhoades MW, Bartel B and Bartel DP: MicroRNAs in plants. Genes Dev. 16:1616–1626. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Nicolai S, Pieraccioli M, Smirnov A, Pitolli C, Anemona L, Mauriello A, Candi E, Annicchiarico-Petruzzelli M, Shi Y, Wang Y, et al: ZNF281/Zfp281 is a target of miR-1 and counteracts muscle differentiation. Mol Oncol. 14:294–308. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Bartel DP: MicroRNAs: Genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function. Cell. 116:281–297. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Fischer C, Seki T, Lim S, Nakamura M, Andersson P, Yang Y, Honek J, Wang Y, Gao Y, Chen F, et al: A miR-327-FGF10-FGFR2-mediated autocrine signaling mechanism controls white fat browning. Nat Commun. 8:20792017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Trajkovski M, Hausser J, Soutschek J, Bhat B, Akin A, Zavolan M, Heim MH and Stoffel M: MicroRNAs 103 and 107 regulate insulin sensitivity. Nature. 474:649–653. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Pardo F, Villalobos-Labra R, Sobrevia B, Toledo F and Sobrevia L: Extracellular vesicles in obesity and diabetes mellitus. Mol Aspects Med. 60:81–91. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Thurnherr T, Mah WC, Lei Z, Jin Y, Rozen SG and Lee CG: Differentially expressed miRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma target genes in the genetic information processing and metabolism pathways. Sci Rep. 6:200652016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Wang X, Liao Z, Bai Z, He Y, Duan J and Wei L: MiR-93-5p Promotes cell proliferation through down-regulating PPARGC1A in hepatocellular carcinoma cells by bioinformatics analysis and experimental verification. Genes (Basel). 9:92018. View Article : Google Scholar

23 

Aravinthan A, Challis B, Shannon N, Hoare M, Heaney J and Alexander GJ: Selective insulin resistance in hepatocyte senescence. Exp Cell Res. 331:38–45. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Williams JF and Olefsky JM: Defective insulin receptor function in down-regulated HepG2 cells. Endocrinology. 127:1706–1717. 1990. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Wang H, Huo X, Yang XR, He J, Cheng L, Wang N, Deng X, Jin H, Wang N, Wang C, et al: STAT3-mediated upregulation of lncRNA HOXD-AS1 as a ceRNA facilitates liver cancer metastasis by regulating SOX4. Mol Cancer. 16:1362017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Darpolor MM, Basu SS, Worth A, Nelson DS, Clarke-Katzenberg RH, Glickson JD, Kaplan DE and Blair IA: The aspartate metabolism pathway is differentiable in human hepatocellular carcinoma: Transcriptomics and (13) C-isotope based metabolomics. NMR Biomed. 27:381–389. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Schmidt JA, Avarbock MR, Tobias JW and Brinster RL: Identification of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor-regulated genes important for spermatogonial stem cell self-renewal in the rat. Biol Reprod. 81:56–66. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Zhu HR, Yu XN, Zhang GC, Shi X, Bilegsaikhan E, Guo HY, Liu LL, Cai Y, Song GQ, Liu TT, et al: Comprehensive analysis of long non coding RNA messenger RNA microRNA co expression network identifies cell cycle related lncRNA in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Mol Med. 44:1844–1854. 2019.PubMed/NCBI

29 

Livak KJ and Schmittgen TD: Analysis of relative gene expression data using real-time quantitative PCR and the 2(-Delta Delta C(T)) method. Methods. 25:402–408. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Tsai S, Clemente-Casares X, Zhou AC, Lei H, Ahn JJ, Chan YT, Choi O, Luck H, Woo M, Dunn SE, et al: Insulin Receptor-Mediated Stimulation Boosts T Cell Immunity during Inflammation and Infection. Cell Metab. 28:922–934.e4. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Mantovani A and Targher G: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: Spotlight on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Ann Transl Med. 5:2702017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Sim WJ, Iyengar PV, Lama D, Lui SKL, Ng HC, Haviv-Shapira L, Domany E, Kappei D, Tan TZ, Saei A, et al: c-Met activation leads to the establishment of a TGFβ-receptor regulatory network in bladder cancer progression. Nat Commun. 10:43492019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Hartmann S, Bhola NE and Grandis JR: HGF/Met Signaling in head and neck cancer: Impact on the tumor microenvironment. Clin Cancer Res. 22:4005–4013. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Boromand N, Hasanzadeh M, ShahidSales S, Farazestanian M, Gharib M, Fiuji H, Behboodi N, Ghobadi N, Hassanian SM, Ferns GA, et al: Clinical and prognostic value of the C-Met/HGF signaling pathway in cervical cancer. J Cell Physiol. 233:4490–4496. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Coudriet GM, Stoops J, Orr AV, Bhushan B, Koral K, Lee S, Previte DM, Dong HH, Michalopoulos GK, Mars WM, et al: A noncanonical role for plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 in obesity-induced diabetes. Am J Pathol. 189:1413–1422. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Muratsu J, Iwabayashi M, Sanada F, Taniyama Y, Otsu R, Rakugi H and Morishita R: Hepatocyte growth factor prevented high-fat diet-induced obesity and improved insulin resistance in mice. Sci Rep. 7:1302017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Bertola A, Bonnafous S, Cormont M, Anty R, Tanti JF, Tran A, Le Marchand -Brustel Y and Gual P: Hepatocyte growth factor induces glucose uptake in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through A Gab1/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Glut4 pathway. J Biol Chem. 282:10325–10332. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Calin GA and Croce CM: MicroRNA signatures in human cancers. Nat Rev Cancer. 6:857–866. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Ma DH, Li BS, Liu JJ, Xiao YF, Yong X, Wang SM, Wu YY, Zhu HB, Wang DX and Yang SM: miR-93-5p/IFNAR1 axis promotes gastric cancer metastasis through activating the STAT3 signaling pathway. Cancer Lett. 408:23–32. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Huang W, Yang Y, Wu J, Niu Y, Yao Y, Zhang J, Huang X, Liang S, Chen R, Chen S, et al: Circular RNA cESRP1 sensitises small cell lung cancer cells to chemotherapy by sponging miR-93-5p to inhibit TGF-β signalling. Cell Death Differ. 27:1709–1727. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Zhang S, He Y, Liu C, Li G, Lu S, Jing Q, Chen X, Ma H, Zhang D, Wang Y, et al: miR-93-5p enhances migration and invasion by targeting RGMB in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. J Cancer. 11:3871–3881. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Chen C, Zheng Q, Kang W and Yu C: Long non-coding RNA LINC00472 suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation, migration and invasion through miR-93-5p/PDCD4 pathway. Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol. 43:436–445. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

43 

Vauthey JN, Lauwers GY, Esnaola NF, Do KA, Belghiti J, Mirza N, Curley SA, Ellis LM, Regimbeau JM, Rashid A, et al: Simplified staging for hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Oncol. 20:1527–1536. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Zhou M, Hou Y, Wu J, Li G, Cao P, Chen W, Hu L and Gan D: miR-93-5p promotes insulin resistance to regulate type 2 diabetes progression in HepG2 cells by targeting HGF. Mol Med Rep 23: 329, 2021.
APA
Zhou, M., Hou, Y., Wu, J., Li, G., Cao, P., Chen, W. ... Gan, D. (2021). miR-93-5p promotes insulin resistance to regulate type 2 diabetes progression in HepG2 cells by targeting HGF. Molecular Medicine Reports, 23, 329. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.11968
MLA
Zhou, M., Hou, Y., Wu, J., Li, G., Cao, P., Chen, W., Hu, L., Gan, D."miR-93-5p promotes insulin resistance to regulate type 2 diabetes progression in HepG2 cells by targeting HGF". Molecular Medicine Reports 23.5 (2021): 329.
Chicago
Zhou, M., Hou, Y., Wu, J., Li, G., Cao, P., Chen, W., Hu, L., Gan, D."miR-93-5p promotes insulin resistance to regulate type 2 diabetes progression in HepG2 cells by targeting HGF". Molecular Medicine Reports 23, no. 5 (2021): 329. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.11968
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Zhou M, Hou Y, Wu J, Li G, Cao P, Chen W, Hu L and Gan D: miR-93-5p promotes insulin resistance to regulate type 2 diabetes progression in HepG2 cells by targeting HGF. Mol Med Rep 23: 329, 2021.
APA
Zhou, M., Hou, Y., Wu, J., Li, G., Cao, P., Chen, W. ... Gan, D. (2021). miR-93-5p promotes insulin resistance to regulate type 2 diabetes progression in HepG2 cells by targeting HGF. Molecular Medicine Reports, 23, 329. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.11968
MLA
Zhou, M., Hou, Y., Wu, J., Li, G., Cao, P., Chen, W., Hu, L., Gan, D."miR-93-5p promotes insulin resistance to regulate type 2 diabetes progression in HepG2 cells by targeting HGF". Molecular Medicine Reports 23.5 (2021): 329.
Chicago
Zhou, M., Hou, Y., Wu, J., Li, G., Cao, P., Chen, W., Hu, L., Gan, D."miR-93-5p promotes insulin resistance to regulate type 2 diabetes progression in HepG2 cells by targeting HGF". Molecular Medicine Reports 23, no. 5 (2021): 329. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2021.11968
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team