Open Access

Effect of xylitol on low‑density lipoprotein‑stimulated oxidative stress in THP‑1 cells

  • Authors:
    • Zile Huang
    • Anke Li
    • Rui Huang
    • Mengmeng Shi
    • Rujing Yang
    • Wenyan Wang
    • Zhen Huang
    • Yanhong Liu
    • Junzhu Wu
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: May 2, 2025     https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2025.13555
  • Article Number: 190
  • Copyright: © Huang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by oxidative stress and the oxidation of low‑density lipoprotein (LDL). Xylitol, a widely used sugar substitute, has antioxidant potential; however, its effects on LDL‑induced oxidative stress in AS remain unclear. Using western blot, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, flow cytometry and so on, the present study investigated the role of xylitol in mitigating oxidative stress induced by high levels of LDL in Tohoku Hospital Pediatrics‑1 (THP‑1) human monocytic cell line), a model for studying AS. Xylitol significantly alleviated high LDL‑induced oxidative stress in THP‑1 cells and decreased reactive oxygen species levels, malondialdehyde content and the expression of NADPH oxidase family enzymes. Concurrently, xylitol enhanced the activity and expression of superoxide dismutase and increased the glutathione levels. Mechanistically, xylitol activated the nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2)/heme oxygenase‑1 (HO‑1) axis by increasing the NADPH/NADP+ ratio via the regulation of the pentose phosphate pathway via the Nrf2 transcription factor. This led to a decrease in LDL oxidative modification in THP‑1 cells (Figs. 6,7). Overall, xylitol attenuates high LDL level‑induced oxidative stress in THP‑1 cells by modulating the Nrf2‑mediated pentose phosphate pathway and activating the Nrf2/HO‑1 axis, highlighting its potential for the prevention and treatment of AS.
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July-2025
Volume 32 Issue 1

Print ISSN: 1791-2997
Online ISSN:1791-3004

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Copy and paste a formatted citation
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Spandidos Publications style
Huang Z, Li A, Huang R, Shi M, Yang R, Wang W, Huang Z, Liu Y and Wu J: Effect of xylitol on low‑density lipoprotein‑stimulated oxidative stress in THP‑1 cells. Mol Med Rep 32: 190, 2025.
APA
Huang, Z., Li, A., Huang, R., Shi, M., Yang, R., Wang, W. ... Wu, J. (2025). Effect of xylitol on low‑density lipoprotein‑stimulated oxidative stress in THP‑1 cells. Molecular Medicine Reports, 32, 190. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2025.13555
MLA
Huang, Z., Li, A., Huang, R., Shi, M., Yang, R., Wang, W., Huang, Z., Liu, Y., Wu, J."Effect of xylitol on low‑density lipoprotein‑stimulated oxidative stress in THP‑1 cells". Molecular Medicine Reports 32.1 (2025): 190.
Chicago
Huang, Z., Li, A., Huang, R., Shi, M., Yang, R., Wang, W., Huang, Z., Liu, Y., Wu, J."Effect of xylitol on low‑density lipoprotein‑stimulated oxidative stress in THP‑1 cells". Molecular Medicine Reports 32, no. 1 (2025): 190. https://doi.org/10.3892/mmr.2025.13555