Expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1α is an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer

Song,Ik-Chan; Liang,Zhe-Long; Lee,Jung-Chan; Huang,Song-Mei; Kim,Ha-Yon; Oh,Yoon-Suk; Yun,Hwan-Jung; Sul,Ji-Young; Jo,Deog-Yeon; Kim,Samyong; Kim,Jin-Man; Lee,Hyo-Jin

doi:10.3892/ol.2011.389

Expression of stromal cell-derived factor-1α is an independent risk factor for lymph node metastasis in early gastric cancer

Authors:
- Ik-Chan Song
- Zhe-Long Liang
- Jung-Chan Lee
- Song-Mei Huang
- Ha-Yon Kim
- Yoon-Suk Oh
- Hwan-Jung Yun
- Ji-Young Sul
- Deog-Yeon Jo
- Samyong Kim
- Jin-Man Kim
- Hyo-Jin Lee
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Affiliations: Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea, Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, Daejeon Regional Cancer Center, Infection Signaling Network Research Center, and Chungnam National Univerisity School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea, Department of General Surgery, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
Published online on: August 19, 2011 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2011.389
Pages: 1197-1202

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Abstract

Lymph node metastasis is considered to be a significant prognostic factor for early gastric cancer (EGC). However, no real consensus exists on which patient and/or tumor characteristics are associated with lymph node metastasis. We investigated whether stromal cell-derived factor (SDF)-1α expression correlates with lymph node metastasis in patients with EGC by immunohistochemically examining the expression of SDF-1α in 138 archival tissue specimens of EGC. Of these specimens, 59 (42.8%) and 79 (57.2%) were grouped into SDF-1α-positive and SDF-1α‑negative groups, respectively. No significant differences existed with respect to age, gender, tumor location, proportion of tumors >20 mm in size, macroscopic type, depth of invasion or histology between the SDF-1α-positive and -negative groups. However, the SDF-1α-positive group was significantly correlated with lymphovascular invasion and lymph node metastasis. Results of the univariate analyses indicated that lymphovascular invasion, undifferentiated histology and SDF-1α positivity were statistically significant risk factors affecting lymph node metastasis in patients with EGC. Multivariate analyses showed that lymphovascular invasion [hazard ratio (HR), 8.595; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.694‑43.595; P=0.009], undifferentiated histology (HR, 2.965; 95% CI, 1.037-8.471; P=0.043) and SDF-1α positivity (HR, 2.108; 95% CI, 1.316-10.135; P=0.013) were independent risk factors predicting lymph node metastasis in EGC. In conclusion, these results suggest that SDF-1α expression in tumor cells is a predictive marker of lymph node metastasis in EGC.

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