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Article

Expression levels of SOX2, KLF4 and brachyury transcription factors are associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma

  • Authors:
    • Rumi Yoshihama
    • Koujiro Yamaguchi
    • Ikumi Imajyo
    • Mariko Mine
    • Naomi Hiyake
    • Naonari Akimoto
    • Yosuke Kobayashi
    • Satomi Chigita
    • Wataru Kumamaru
    • Tamotsu Kiyoshima
    • Yoshihide Mori
    • Tsuyoshi Sugiura
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan, Department of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Science, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890‑8544, Japan, Department of Oral Pathology, Division of Maxillofacial Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, Graduate School of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812‑8582, Japan
  • Pages: 1435-1446
    |
    Published online on: December 22, 2015
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.4047
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Abstract

The prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients is affected by tumor recurrence and metastasis, and cancer stem cells are hypothesized to be involved in these processes. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine whether the expression levels of five stem cell‑related transcription factors, sex determining region Y‑box 2 (SOX2), octamer‑binding transcription factor 4 (Oct4), avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (c‑Myc), Krüppel‑like factor 4 (KLF4) and brachyury, are associated with metastasis and survival in OSCC. Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze the expression of these proteins in biopsy specimens obtained from 108 OSCC patients. The results revealed that the expression of SOX2, Oct4, KLF4 and brachyury were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (P=0.002, P=0.031, P=0.003 and P=0.007, respectively). In addition, the expression of KLF4 and brachyury were significantly associated with distant metastasis (P=0.014 and P=0.012, respectively). Furthermore, multivariate analysis revealed that SOX2 and KLF4 are predictive factors for lymph node metastasis [odds ratios (ORs), 4.526 and 4.851, respectively], and KLF4 is also a predictive factor for distant metastasis (OR, 9.607). In addition, OSCC patients with low co‑expression of SOX2, KLF4 and brachyury exhibited a significantly lower disease‑specific survival rate (78.6 vs. 100%; P=0.025; χ2=5.033) and disease‑free survival rate (60.7 vs. 90.9%; P=0.015; χ2=5.897) when compared with OSCC patients with high co‑expression of these factors. The results indicate that SOX2, KLF4 and brachyury serve important roles in tumor progression, and these transcription factors may thus represent clinically useful prognostic markers for OSCC.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yoshihama R, Yamaguchi K, Imajyo I, Mine M, Hiyake N, Akimoto N, Kobayashi Y, Chigita S, Kumamaru W, Kiyoshima T, Kiyoshima T, et al: Expression levels of SOX2, KLF4 and brachyury transcription factors are associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 11: 1435-1446, 2016.
APA
Yoshihama, R., Yamaguchi, K., Imajyo, I., Mine, M., Hiyake, N., Akimoto, N. ... Sugiura, T. (2016). Expression levels of SOX2, KLF4 and brachyury transcription factors are associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncology Letters, 11, 1435-1446. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.4047
MLA
Yoshihama, R., Yamaguchi, K., Imajyo, I., Mine, M., Hiyake, N., Akimoto, N., Kobayashi, Y., Chigita, S., Kumamaru, W., Kiyoshima, T., Mori, Y., Sugiura, T."Expression levels of SOX2, KLF4 and brachyury transcription factors are associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma". Oncology Letters 11.2 (2016): 1435-1446.
Chicago
Yoshihama, R., Yamaguchi, K., Imajyo, I., Mine, M., Hiyake, N., Akimoto, N., Kobayashi, Y., Chigita, S., Kumamaru, W., Kiyoshima, T., Mori, Y., Sugiura, T."Expression levels of SOX2, KLF4 and brachyury transcription factors are associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma". Oncology Letters 11, no. 2 (2016): 1435-1446. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.4047
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yoshihama R, Yamaguchi K, Imajyo I, Mine M, Hiyake N, Akimoto N, Kobayashi Y, Chigita S, Kumamaru W, Kiyoshima T, Kiyoshima T, et al: Expression levels of SOX2, KLF4 and brachyury transcription factors are associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 11: 1435-1446, 2016.
APA
Yoshihama, R., Yamaguchi, K., Imajyo, I., Mine, M., Hiyake, N., Akimoto, N. ... Sugiura, T. (2016). Expression levels of SOX2, KLF4 and brachyury transcription factors are associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oncology Letters, 11, 1435-1446. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.4047
MLA
Yoshihama, R., Yamaguchi, K., Imajyo, I., Mine, M., Hiyake, N., Akimoto, N., Kobayashi, Y., Chigita, S., Kumamaru, W., Kiyoshima, T., Mori, Y., Sugiura, T."Expression levels of SOX2, KLF4 and brachyury transcription factors are associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma". Oncology Letters 11.2 (2016): 1435-1446.
Chicago
Yoshihama, R., Yamaguchi, K., Imajyo, I., Mine, M., Hiyake, N., Akimoto, N., Kobayashi, Y., Chigita, S., Kumamaru, W., Kiyoshima, T., Mori, Y., Sugiura, T."Expression levels of SOX2, KLF4 and brachyury transcription factors are associated with metastasis and poor prognosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma". Oncology Letters 11, no. 2 (2016): 1435-1446. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2015.4047
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