Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
March-2016 Volume 11 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
March-2016 Volume 11 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase π 1 and toll-like receptors 2 and 9: Association with breast cancer susceptibility

  • Authors:
    • Mohammad F. Al‑Harras
    • Maha E. Houssen
    • Mohamed E. Shaker
    • Kamel Farag
    • Omar Farouk
    • Rehan Monir
    • Rasha El‑Mahdy
    • Ekbal M. Abo‑Hashem
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour 71515, Egypt, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt, Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt, Surgical Oncology and Breast Surgery, Oncology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt, Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
  • Pages: 2182-2188
    |
    Published online on: January 28, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4159
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Polymorphisms in antioxidant enzymes and innate immune receptors have been implicated in the development of various types of cancer. The present study aimed to investigate whether polymorphisms of glutathione S‑transferase π 1 (GSTP1) and toll‑like receptors (TLRs) 2 and 9 are associated with susceptibility to breast cancer among females. The study was conducted on 72 Egyptian female patients with breast cancer, along with 100 healthy volunteers. Polymorphisms of GSTP1 (codon 105 Ile/Val) and TLR9 rs187084 (1237T/C) genes were assessed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)‑restriction fragment length polymorphism, while the -196 to ‑174 deletion/insertion (del/ins) polymorphism of TLR2 was detected by PCR. The results indicated a decrease in GSTP1 Val allele frequency in breast cancer patients compared with healthy controls, at rates of 22.9 vs. 32.5%, respectively. In addition, the breast cancer group demonstrated a decreased TLR9 C allele frequency compared with the control group, at rates of 36.1 vs. 51.5%, respectively (P=0.0047). A non‑significant difference was detected in the frequency of the TLR2 ‑196 to ‑174 del allele in breast cancer patients when compared to normal controls. In conclusion, these results suggested that the GSTP1 Val and TLR9 1237C alleles, but not TLR2 -196 to ‑174 del, are likely to be associated with breast cancer development among females.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

View References

1 

Ferlay J, Soerjomataram I, Dikshit R, Eser S, Mathers C, Rebelo M, Parkin DM, Forman D and Bray F: Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. Int J Cancer. 136:E359–E386. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Howard JH and Bland KI: Current management and treatment strategies for breast cancer. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 24:44–48. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Itano JK, Brant J, Conde F and Saria M: Breast Cancer. Core Curriculum for Oncology Nursing (5th). (Philadelphia, PA). Elsevier Health Sciences. 752015.

4 

Weigelt B, Peterse JL and van't Veer LJ: Breast cancer metastasis: Markers and models. Nat Rev Cancer. 5:591–602. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Ulrich CM, Robien K and McLeod HL: Cancer pharmacogenetics: Polymorphisms, pathways and beyond. Nat Rev Cancer. 3:912–920. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Klaunig JE, Kamendulis LM and Hocevar BA: Oxidative stress and oxidative damage in carcinogenesis. Toxicol Pathol. 38:96–109. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Hayes JD and Pulford DJ: The glutathione S-transferase supergene family: Regulation of GST and the contribution of the isoenzymes to cancer chemoprotection and drug resistance. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol. 30:445–600. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Yang G, Shu XO, Ruan ZX, Cai QY, Jin F, Gao YT and Zheng W: Genetic polymorphisms in glutathione-S-transferase genes (GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1) and survival after chemotherapy for invasive breast carcinoma. Cancer. 103:52–58. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Johansson AS, Stenberg G, Widersten M and Mannervik B: Structure-activity relationships and thermal stability of human glutathione transferase P1-1 governed by the H-site residue 105. J Mol Biol. 278:687–698. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Zhang BL, Sun T, Zhang BN, Zheng S, Lü N, Xu BH, Wang X, Chen GJ, Yu DK and Lin DX: Polymorphisms of GSTP1 is associated with differences of chemotherapy response and toxicity in breast cancer. Chin Med J (Engl). 124:199–204. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

11 

Medvedev AE: Toll-like receptor polymorphisms, inflammatory and infectious diseases, allergies, and cancer. J Interferon Cytokine Res. 33:467–484. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Xie W, Wang Y, Huang Y, Yang H, Wang J and Hu Z: Toll-like receptor 2 mediates invasion via activating NF-kappaB in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 379:1027–1032. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Huang B, Zhao J, Unkeless JC, Feng ZH and Xiong H: TLR signaling by tumor and immune cells: A double-edged sword. Oncogene. 27:218–224. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Noguchi E, Nishimura F, Fukai H, Kim J, Ichikawa K, Shibasaki M and Arinami T: An association study of asthma and total serum immunoglobin E levels for Toll-like receptor polymorphisms in a Japanese population. Clin Exp Allergy. 34:177–183. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Nischalke HD, Coenen M, Berger C, Aldenhoff K, Müller T, Berg T, Krämer B, Körner C, Odenthal M, Schulze F, et al: The toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) −196 to −174 del ins polymorphism affects viral loads and susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic hepatitis C. Int J Cancer. 130:1470–1475. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Tahara T, Arisawa T, Wang F, Shibata T, Nakamura M, Sakata M, Hirata I and Nakano H: Toll-like receptor 2–196 to 174del polymorphism influences the susceptibility of Japanese people to gastric cancer. Cancer Sci. 98:1790–1794. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Latz E, Schoenemeyer A, Visintin A, Fitzgerald KA, Monks BG, Knetter CF, Lien E, Nilsen NJ, Espevik T and Golenbock DT: TLR9 signals after translocating from the ER to CpG DNA in the lysosome. Nat Immunol. 5:190–198. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Tian J, Avalos AM, Mao SY, Chen B, Senthil K, Wu H, Parroche P, Drabic S, Golenbock D, Sirois C, et al: Toll-like receptor 9-dependent activation by DNA-containing immune complexes is mediated by HMGB1 and RAGE. Nat Immunol. 8:487–496. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Ilvesaro JM, Merrell MA, Li L, Wakchoure S, Graves D, Brooks S, Rahko E, Jukkola-Vuorinen A, Vuopala KS, Harris KW and Selander KS: Toll-like receptor 9 mediates CpG oligonucleotide-induced cellular invasion. Mol Cancer Res. 6:1534–1543. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Roszak A, Lianeri M, Sowińska A and Jagodziński PP: Involvement of Toll-like receptor 9 polymorphism in cervical cancer development. Mol Biol Rep. 39:8425–8430. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Kutikhin AG: Association of polymorphisms in TLR genes and in genes of the Toll-like receptor signaling pathway with cancer risk. Hum Immunol. 72:1095–1116. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Zhang L, Qin H, Guan X, Zhang K and Liu Z: The TLR9 gene polymorphisms and the risk of cancer: Evidence from a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 8:e717852013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Robinson IA, McKee G, Nicholson A, D'Arcy J, Jackson PA, Cook MG and Kissin MW: Prognostic value of cytological grading of fine-needle aspirates from breast carcinomas. Lancet. 343:947–949. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Singletary SE and Connolly JL: Breast cancer staging: Working with the sixth edition of the AJCC Cancer Staging Manual. CA Cancer J. Clin. 56:37–47. 2006.

25 

Høgdall EV, Christensen L, Høgdall CK, Blaakaer J, Gayther S, Jacobs IJ, Christensen IJ and Kjaer SK: Prognostic value of estrogen receptor and progesterone receptor tumor expression in Danish ovarian cancer patients: From the 'MALOVA' ovarian cancer study. Oncol Rep. 18:1051–1059. 2007.PubMed/NCBI

26 

Wolff AC, Hammond ME, Hicks DG, Dowsett M, McShane LM, Allison KH, Allred DC, Bartlett JM, Bilous M, Fitzgibbons P, et al: American Society of Clinical Oncology; College of American Pathologists: Recommendations for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 testing in breast cancer: American Society of Clinical Oncology/College of American Pathologists clinical practice guideline update. J. Clin Oncol. 31:3997–4013. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar

27 

Harries LW, Stubbins MJ, Forman D, Howard G and Wolf CR: Identification of genetic polymorphisms at the glutathione S-transferase Pi locus and association with susceptibility to bladder, testicular and prostate cancer. Carcinogenesis. 18:641–644. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

de Oliveira JG and Silva AE: Polymorphisms of the TLR2 and TLR4 genes are associated with risk of gastric cancer in a Brazilian population. World J Gastroenterol. 18:1235–1242. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Etem EO, Elyas H, Ozgocmen S, Yildirim A and Godekmerdan A: The investigation of toll-like receptor 3, 9 and 10 gene polymorphisms in Turkish rheumatoid arthritis patients. Rheumatol Int. 31:1369–1374. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Shea TC, Claflin G, Comstock KE, Sanderson BJ, Burstein NA, Keenan EJ, Mannervik B and Henner WD: Glutathione transferase activity and isoenzyme composition in primary human breast cancers. Cancer Res. 50:6848–6853. 1990.PubMed/NCBI

31 

Sharma A, Pandey A, Sharma S, Chatterjee I, Mehrotra R, Sehgal A and Sharma JK: Genetic polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) in Delhi population and comparison with other global populations. Meta Gene. 2:134–142. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Holley SL, Fryer AA, Haycock JW, Grubb SE, Strange RC and Hoban PR: Differential effects of glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTP1) haplotypes on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Carcinogenesis. 28:2268–2273. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Adler V and Pincus MR: Effector peptides from glutathione-S-transferase-pi affect the activation of jun by jun-N-terminal kinase. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 34:35–46. 2004.PubMed/NCBI

34 

Etokebe GE, Knezević J, Petricević B, Pavelić J, Vrbanec D and Dembić Z: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes encoding toll-like receptor −2,-3,-4 and −9 in case-control study with breast cancer. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers. 13:729–734. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Theodoropoulos GE, Saridakis V, Karantanos T, Michalopoulos NV, Zagouri F, Kontogianni P, Lymperi M, Gazouli M and Zografos GC: Toll-like receptors gene polymorphisms may confer increased susceptibility to breast cancer development. Breast. 21:534–538. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Ng CK, Pemberton HN and Reis-Filho JS: Breast cancer intratumor genetic heterogeneity: Causes and implications. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther. 12:1021–1032. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Novak N, Yu CF, Bussmann C, Maintz L, Peng WM, Hart J, Hagemann T, Diaz-Lacava A, Baurecht HJ, Klopp N, et al: Putative association of a TLR9 promoter polymorphism with atopic eczema. Allergy. 62:766–772. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Ashton KA, Proietto A, Otton G, Symonds I, McEvoy M, Attia J and Scott RJ: Toll-like receptor (TLR) and nucleosome-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) gene polymorphisms and endometrial cancer risk. BMC Cancer. 10:3822010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Al‑Harras MF, Houssen ME, Shaker ME, Farag K, Farouk O, Monir R, El‑Mahdy R and Abo‑Hashem EM: Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase π 1 and toll-like receptors 2 and 9: Association with breast cancer susceptibility. Oncol Lett 11: 2182-2188, 2016.
APA
Al‑Harras, M.F., Houssen, M.E., Shaker, M.E., Farag, K., Farouk, O., Monir, R. ... Abo‑Hashem, E.M. (2016). Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase π 1 and toll-like receptors 2 and 9: Association with breast cancer susceptibility. Oncology Letters, 11, 2182-2188. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4159
MLA
Al‑Harras, M. F., Houssen, M. E., Shaker, M. E., Farag, K., Farouk, O., Monir, R., El‑Mahdy, R., Abo‑Hashem, E. M."Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase π 1 and toll-like receptors 2 and 9: Association with breast cancer susceptibility". Oncology Letters 11.3 (2016): 2182-2188.
Chicago
Al‑Harras, M. F., Houssen, M. E., Shaker, M. E., Farag, K., Farouk, O., Monir, R., El‑Mahdy, R., Abo‑Hashem, E. M."Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase π 1 and toll-like receptors 2 and 9: Association with breast cancer susceptibility". Oncology Letters 11, no. 3 (2016): 2182-2188. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4159
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Al‑Harras MF, Houssen ME, Shaker ME, Farag K, Farouk O, Monir R, El‑Mahdy R and Abo‑Hashem EM: Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase π 1 and toll-like receptors 2 and 9: Association with breast cancer susceptibility. Oncol Lett 11: 2182-2188, 2016.
APA
Al‑Harras, M.F., Houssen, M.E., Shaker, M.E., Farag, K., Farouk, O., Monir, R. ... Abo‑Hashem, E.M. (2016). Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase π 1 and toll-like receptors 2 and 9: Association with breast cancer susceptibility. Oncology Letters, 11, 2182-2188. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4159
MLA
Al‑Harras, M. F., Houssen, M. E., Shaker, M. E., Farag, K., Farouk, O., Monir, R., El‑Mahdy, R., Abo‑Hashem, E. M."Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase π 1 and toll-like receptors 2 and 9: Association with breast cancer susceptibility". Oncology Letters 11.3 (2016): 2182-2188.
Chicago
Al‑Harras, M. F., Houssen, M. E., Shaker, M. E., Farag, K., Farouk, O., Monir, R., El‑Mahdy, R., Abo‑Hashem, E. M."Polymorphisms of glutathione S-transferase π 1 and toll-like receptors 2 and 9: Association with breast cancer susceptibility". Oncology Letters 11, no. 3 (2016): 2182-2188. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4159
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team