Elevated matrix metalloproteinase‑9 expression may contribute to the pathogenesis of bladder cancer

Zeng,Fan‑Chang; Cen,Song; Tang,Zheng‑Yan; Kang,Xin‑Li

doi:10.3892/ol.2016.4187

Elevated matrix metalloproteinase‑9 expression may contribute to the pathogenesis of bladder cancer

Authors:
- Fan‑Chang Zeng
- Song Cen
- Zheng‑Yan Tang
- Xin‑Li Kang
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Affiliations: Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China, Department of Urology, People's Hospital of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan 570311, P.R. China
Published online on: February 4, 2016 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4187
Pages: 2213-2222

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Abstract

The present study investigated the potential association between matrix metalloproteinase‑9 (MMP‑9) expression and the pathogenesis of bladder cancer. The present study reviewed previous studies published in Chinese and English using predefined selection criteria, which identified high‑quality studies concerning MMP‑9 and bladder cancer. Statistical analyses of the data were conducted using Comprehensive Meta‑Analysis software version 2.0. In total, 23 case‑control studies were selected, which consisted of 1,040 bladder cancer patients and 244 healthy controls. The expression rates and protein levels of MMP‑9 were significantly increased in bladder cancer patients compared with the healthy controls, which was demonstrated using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay‑based methods. Furthermore, the expression rate of MMP‑9 in histological G1/G2 grade bladder cancer tumors was significantly decreased compared with G3 tumors. Subgroup analysis based on ethnicity demonstrated that the rate of MMP‑9 protein expression between bladder cancer patients and healthy controls was significantly different in African, Asian and Caucasian patients, which was identified using IHC. The MMP‑9 protein levels in bladder cancer patients and healthy controls were significantly different between Asian and Caucasian patients, but not African patients. The differences between MMP‑9 expression in ethnic groups were also evident in the expression rate of MMP‑9 identified in histological G1/G2 grade tumors in Asian and Caucasian patients compared with G3 grade tumors, which was not evident in African patients. In conclusion, the present meta‑analysis results markedly indicate that MMP‑9 expression is associated with clinicopathological features of bladder cancer, suggesting that MMP‑9 may be a useful biomarker in the diagnosis and clinical management of bladder cancer, and may be a valuable therapeutic target.

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