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Serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 overexpression promotes tumor development and aggression in breast cancer cells

  • Authors:
    • Xiaojie Sun
    • Xiucai Liu
    • Bo Liu
    • Shuyan Li
    • Dongmei Zhang
    • Hongyan Guo
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Biochemistry, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161000, P.R. China, Qiqihar Medical University Library, Qiqihar, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Sun et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 437-444
    |
    Published online on: May 26, 2016
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4638
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Abstract

Serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 (SGK3) is critical for tumor survival, proliferation and invasion. In the present study we evaluated SGK3 expression in breast tissues and investigated alterations in SGK3 levels in tumor multiplication, progression and apoptosis. Tissue microarray analyses were performed to examine SGK3 expression in breast cancer samples, as well as in adjacent noncancerous and normal tissues. The pEGFP‑N1‑SGK3 plasmid was transfected into MDA‑MB‑231 cells to generate SGK3‑overexpressing cells. Cell growth assays, colony formation assays, cell cycle analyses, horizontal and vertical migration tests, reverse transcription‑polymerase chain reaction and western blot assays were employed to investigate the biological behavior of SGK3‑overexpressing cells. SGK3 levels were significantly higher in breast cancer samples compared with adjacent noncancerous and normal tissues. Cell growth curves revealed increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis in SGK3-overexpressing cells. SGK3-overexpressing cells also demonstrated enhanced invasion and migration abilities. SGK3‑overexpressing cells had high levels of an apoptosis-related gene (bcl‑xl) and invasion‑related genes (mmp2 and mmp9), and decreased levels of an anti‑apoptosis gene (bad). Phosphorylation of GSK‑3β, which is downstream in the phosphoinositide 3‑kinase signaling pathway, was activated by SGK3 overexpression. β‑catenin phosphorylation did not differ between the SGK3‑overexpressing and non-SGK3-overexpressing cells. SGK3 overexpression induces GSK‑3β phosphorylation, enhancing apoptosis‑ and invasion‑related genes and proteins and thereby leading to tumor development and aggression in breast cancer cells.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Sun X, Liu X, Liu B, Li S, Zhang D and Guo H: Serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 overexpression promotes tumor development and aggression in breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 12: 437-444, 2016.
APA
Sun, X., Liu, X., Liu, B., Li, S., Zhang, D., & Guo, H. (2016). Serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 overexpression promotes tumor development and aggression in breast cancer cells. Oncology Letters, 12, 437-444. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4638
MLA
Sun, X., Liu, X., Liu, B., Li, S., Zhang, D., Guo, H."Serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 overexpression promotes tumor development and aggression in breast cancer cells". Oncology Letters 12.1 (2016): 437-444.
Chicago
Sun, X., Liu, X., Liu, B., Li, S., Zhang, D., Guo, H."Serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 overexpression promotes tumor development and aggression in breast cancer cells". Oncology Letters 12, no. 1 (2016): 437-444. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4638
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Sun X, Liu X, Liu B, Li S, Zhang D and Guo H: Serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 overexpression promotes tumor development and aggression in breast cancer cells. Oncol Lett 12: 437-444, 2016.
APA
Sun, X., Liu, X., Liu, B., Li, S., Zhang, D., & Guo, H. (2016). Serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 overexpression promotes tumor development and aggression in breast cancer cells. Oncology Letters, 12, 437-444. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4638
MLA
Sun, X., Liu, X., Liu, B., Li, S., Zhang, D., Guo, H."Serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 overexpression promotes tumor development and aggression in breast cancer cells". Oncology Letters 12.1 (2016): 437-444.
Chicago
Sun, X., Liu, X., Liu, B., Li, S., Zhang, D., Guo, H."Serum- and glucocorticoid-regulated protein kinase 3 overexpression promotes tumor development and aggression in breast cancer cells". Oncology Letters 12, no. 1 (2016): 437-444. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2016.4638
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