Association between CXCL16/CXCR6 expression and the clinicopathological features of patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Ke,Chuangwu; Ren,Yanchen; Lv,Lu; Hu,Weidong; Zhou,Wenhui

doi:10.3892/ol.2017.6088

Association between CXCL16/CXCR6 expression and the clinicopathological features of patients with non-small cell lung cancer

Authors:
- Chuangwu Ke
- Yanchen Ren
- Lu Lv
- Weidong Hu
- Wenhui Zhou
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Affiliations: Department of Thoracic Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China, Medical Center for Human Reproduction, Beijing Chao‑Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, P.R. China
Published online on: April 24, 2017 https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2017.6088
Pages: 4661-4668
Copyright: © Ke et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Lung cancer is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, therefore identifying biomarkers for the early detection, grading or postoperative follow-up of lung cancer is of clinical significance. In the present study, expression of lung tissue (t)‑CXCL16 and t‑CXCR6 was examined in 58 patients with non‑small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using immunohistochemical staining, and serum (s)‑CXCL16 levels were detected in 58 patients with NSCLC and in 32 normal volunteers using an ELISA. A follow‑up was performed every 4 months between January 2014 and January 2015. Compared with the normal volunteers, the s‑CXCL16 concentration in patients with NSCLC significantly increased (329.47±135.38 vs. 572.82±116.05 pg/ml, respectively; P<0.001). When grouped according to TNM stage, the expression of t‑CXCL16 (60 vs. 85.71%; P=0.029), t‑CXCR6 (53.33 vs. 78.57%; P=0.043) and s‑CXCL16 (26.67 vs. 57.14%, P=0.019) in the stage I‑II subgroup was significantly lower compared with that of the stage III‑IV subgroup. The positive expression rate of t‑CXCL16 (91.18%) and t‑CXCR6 (79.41%) in the lymph node metastasis subgroup was significantly higher compared with that of the corresponding non‑lymph node metastasis subgroup (50 and 45.83%, respectively; P<0.01). Additionally, the positive expression rate of t‑CXCL16 in the smoking subgroup was 100%, which was significantly higher compared with that of the non‑smoking subgroup (23.81%) (P<0.001). The follow‑up and mortality rates were 100% (58/58) and 13.79% (8/58), respectively. Within the time period of the present study, the survival time was 4‑18 months, and the mean survival time was 16.6 months. In conclusion, the expression of t‑CXCL16 and t‑CXCR6 is positively correlated with the TNM stage and lymph node metastasis in patients with NSCLC. Additionally, there was a significant increase in s‑CXCL16 levels in patients with NSCLC, suggesting that CXCL16 could be used as a supplementary biomarker for the early detection of NSCLC.

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