Open Access

Enhanced anticancer effect of oncostatin M combined with salinomycin in CD133+ HepG2 liver cancer cells

  • Authors:
    • Changhao Fu
    • Lu Wang
    • Geer Tian
    • Chen Zhang
    • Yuanyuan Zhao
    • Hao Xu
    • Manman Su
    • Yi Wang
  • View Affiliations

  • Published online on: December 5, 2018     https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.9796
  • Pages: 1798-1806
  • Copyright: © Fu et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.

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Abstract

Oncostatin M (OSM) induces the differentiation of liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) and increases sensitivity to the chemotherapeutic agent 5‑fluorouracil, whereas salinomycin (Sal) induces apoptosis in cancer stem cells and inhibits the proliferation of liver cancer cells. However, there have been no studies investigating the anticancer effects of combination treatment with OSM and Sal. In the present study, we investigated the synergistic effects of OSM and Sal on LCSCs, the CD133+ subpopulations from HepG2 human liver cancer cells. CD133+ LCSCs were isolated using an immunomagnetic bead technique and identified through colony formation. After incubating with OSM and Sal, the ability of LCSC proliferation and invasion, as well as apoptosis rates were evaluated, and the expression of stemness‑related genes was examined by quantitative real‑time polymerase chain reaction. Additionally, the secretion of α‑fetoprotein (AFP) and albumin (ALB) were analyzed by enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay. Our results indicated that OSM combined with Sal significantly suppressed LCSC proliferation and invasion and induced apoptosis, as determined by flow cytometry and increases in cleaved caspase‑3 levels detected by western blotting. The results of the JC‑1 staining assay indicated that this effect involved the mitochondrial pathway. Moreover, combination treatment reduced the expression of CD133 in LCSCs and suppressed stemness‑related gene expression. Furthermore, the LCSCs produced lower levels of AFP and higher levels of ALB following combination treatment. In all experiments, combination treatment elicited more efficient anticancer effects on LCSCs as compared with single‑drug treatment; therefore, our results demonstrated that combined treatment with OSM and Sal inhibited proliferation and induced differentiation and apoptosis in LCSCs, suggesting combined use of OSM and Sal as a therapeutic strategy for liver cancer.
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February-2019
Volume 17 Issue 2

Print ISSN: 1792-1074
Online ISSN:1792-1082

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Spandidos Publications style
Fu C, Wang L, Tian G, Zhang C, Zhao Y, Xu H, Su M and Wang Y: Enhanced anticancer effect of oncostatin M combined with salinomycin in CD133+ HepG2 liver cancer cells. Oncol Lett 17: 1798-1806, 2019
APA
Fu, C., Wang, L., Tian, G., Zhang, C., Zhao, Y., Xu, H. ... Wang, Y. (2019). Enhanced anticancer effect of oncostatin M combined with salinomycin in CD133+ HepG2 liver cancer cells. Oncology Letters, 17, 1798-1806. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.9796
MLA
Fu, C., Wang, L., Tian, G., Zhang, C., Zhao, Y., Xu, H., Su, M., Wang, Y."Enhanced anticancer effect of oncostatin M combined with salinomycin in CD133+ HepG2 liver cancer cells". Oncology Letters 17.2 (2019): 1798-1806.
Chicago
Fu, C., Wang, L., Tian, G., Zhang, C., Zhao, Y., Xu, H., Su, M., Wang, Y."Enhanced anticancer effect of oncostatin M combined with salinomycin in CD133+ HepG2 liver cancer cells". Oncology Letters 17, no. 2 (2019): 1798-1806. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2018.9796