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Antiproliferative and antimigratory activities of bisphosphonates in human breast cancer cell line MCF‑7

  • Authors:
    • Benjaporn Buranrat
    • Supavadee Bootha
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
    Copyright: © Buranrat et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 1246-1258
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    Published online on: June 5, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10438
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Abstract

Bisphosphonates (BPs) are antiresorptive drugs that act as effective inhibitors of cancer cell proliferation. However, not all bisphosphonates are equally effective against breast cancer cells in vitro. The present study investigated the extent to which three BPs decrease the viability of MCF‑7 human breast cancer cells, stimulate cell apoptosis and inhibit cell migration by modulating proteins in the mevalonate pathway. The three BPs exerted direct anticancer effects against MCF‑7 cells in a dose‑ and time‑dependent manner, with pamidronate demonstrating the highest efficacy. In addition, the BPs inhibited colony formation ability. The activity of BPs against MCF‑7 cells was inhibited by the mevalonate product geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate, which was potentiated by doxorubicin. It was also identified that BPs modulated Ras‑related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1, Ras homolog gene family member A and cell division control protein 42 homolog gene expression. Consistent with the observed growth inhibitory effects, BPs also inhibited the cell cycle by promoting G1 phase arrest and the downregulation of cyclin D1 and upregulation of p21. Additionally, BPs were revealed to induce reactive oxygen species expression, caspase‑3 activity and increase the mitochondrial transmembrane potential, which was associated with apoptosis. BP‑induced cancer cell apoptosis was detected by acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining and flow cytometry analysis, and was identified to be associated with the induction of caspase‑3 and cytochrome c protein expression. Furthermore, BPs significantly decreased cancer cell migration in a dose‑dependent manner and reduced matrix metallopeptidase‑9 protein expression. In summary, the current study demonstrated that BPs exhibited a direct anticancer effect and an antimigratory effect on MCF‑7 cells. These findings suggest that BPs may be developed as a therapeutic option for breast cancer and may serve as sensitizing chemotherapeutic agents.
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Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Buranrat B and Bootha S: Antiproliferative and antimigratory activities of bisphosphonates in human breast cancer cell line MCF‑7. Oncol Lett 18: 1246-1258, 2019.
APA
Buranrat, B., & Bootha, S. (2019). Antiproliferative and antimigratory activities of bisphosphonates in human breast cancer cell line MCF‑7. Oncology Letters, 18, 1246-1258. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10438
MLA
Buranrat, B., Bootha, S."Antiproliferative and antimigratory activities of bisphosphonates in human breast cancer cell line MCF‑7". Oncology Letters 18.2 (2019): 1246-1258.
Chicago
Buranrat, B., Bootha, S."Antiproliferative and antimigratory activities of bisphosphonates in human breast cancer cell line MCF‑7". Oncology Letters 18, no. 2 (2019): 1246-1258. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10438
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Buranrat B and Bootha S: Antiproliferative and antimigratory activities of bisphosphonates in human breast cancer cell line MCF‑7. Oncol Lett 18: 1246-1258, 2019.
APA
Buranrat, B., & Bootha, S. (2019). Antiproliferative and antimigratory activities of bisphosphonates in human breast cancer cell line MCF‑7. Oncology Letters, 18, 1246-1258. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10438
MLA
Buranrat, B., Bootha, S."Antiproliferative and antimigratory activities of bisphosphonates in human breast cancer cell line MCF‑7". Oncology Letters 18.2 (2019): 1246-1258.
Chicago
Buranrat, B., Bootha, S."Antiproliferative and antimigratory activities of bisphosphonates in human breast cancer cell line MCF‑7". Oncology Letters 18, no. 2 (2019): 1246-1258. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10438
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