Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
September-2019 Volume 18 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
September-2019 Volume 18 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article

Bioinformatics analysis identifies potential chemoresistance‑associated genes across multiple types of cancer

  • Authors:
    • Jingsheng Yuan
    • Lulu Tan
    • Zhijie Yin
    • Kaixiong Tao
    • Guobing Wang
    • Wenjia Shi
    • Jinbo Gao
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
  • Pages: 2576-2583
    |
    Published online on: June 27, 2019
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10533
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Despite the fact that studies have revealed mechanisms underlying tumor chemoresistance, the functions of numerous potential chemoresistance‑associated genes have yet to be elucidated. A bioinformatics analysis was conducted to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across four types of chemoresistant tumors and functional enrichment analysis was used to examine the biological significance of these genes. Furthermore, a gene network was constructed using weighted gene co‑expression network analysis to identify hub genes. A total of 6,015, 2,074, 2,141 and 954 differentially expressed genes were identified in estrogen receptor‑negative breast cancer, ovarian cancer, rectal cancer and gastric cancer, respectively; however, only five of these DEGs were dysregulated in all four types of cancer. Functional enrichment analysis of the DEGs suggested that genomic stability and immune response are crucial determinants of tumor chemoresistance. In addition, 14, 8, 6 and 1 co‑expressed gene modules were identified in estrogen receptor‑negative breast cancer, ovarian cancer, rectal cancer and gastric cancer, respectively, and protein‑protein interaction networks were created. The analysis identified only calcium‑calmodulin‑dependent protein kinase kinase 2, erythropoietin receptor, mitochondrial poly(A) RNA polymerase, α‑parvin, and zinc finger and BTB domain‑containing protein 44 to be dysregulated in all four cancer types, indicating varying mechanisms of chemoresistance in different tumor types. Furthermore, our analysis suggests that type I collagen α1, fibroblast growth factor 14 and major histocompatibility complex, class II, DR β1 potentially serve key roles in the development of chemoresistance. In conclusion, the present study proposes a simple and effective strategy for identifying genes involved in chemoresistance and predicting their potential functional roles, which may guide subsequent experimental studies.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

View References

1 

Zhang D and Fan D: New insights into the mechanisms of gastric cancer multidrug resistance and future perspectives. Future Oncol. 6:527–537. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Kathawala RJ, Gupta P, Ashby CR Jr and Chen ZS: The modulation of ABC transporter-mediated multidrug resistance in cancer: A review of the past decade. Drug Resist Updat. 18:1–17. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Holohan C, Van Schaeybroeck S, Longley DB and Johnston PG: Cancer drug resistance: An evolving paradigm. Nat Rev Cancer. 13:714–726. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Yook SH, Oltvai ZN and Barabási AL: Functional and topological characterization of protein interaction networks. Proteomics. 4:928–942. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Barabási AL and Oltvai ZN: Network biology: Understanding the cell's functional organization. Nat Rev Genet. 5:101–113. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Desmedt C, Di Leo A, de Azambuja E, Larsimont D, Haibe-Kains B, Selleslags J, Delaloge S, Duhem C, Kains JP, Carly B, et al: Multifactorial approach to predicting resistance to anthracyclines. J Clin Oncol. 29:1578–1586. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Ferriss JS, Kim Y, Duska L, Birrer M, Levine DA, Moskaluk C, Theodorescu D and Lee JK: Multi-gene expression predictors of single drug responses to adjuvant chemotherapy in ovarian carcinoma: Predicting platinum resistance. PLoS One. 7:e305502012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Agostini M, Zangrando A, Pastrello C, D'Angelo E, Romano G, Giovannoni R, Giordan M, Maretto I, Bedin C, Zanon C, et al: A functional biological network centered on XRCC3: A new possible marker of chemoradiotherapy resistance in rectal cancer patients. Cancer Biol Ther. 16:1160–1171. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Kim HK, Choi IJ, Kim CG, Kim HS, Oshima A, Michalowski A and Green JE: A gene expression signature of acquired chemoresistance to cisplatin and fluorouracil combination chemotherapy in gastric cancer patients. PLoS One. 6:e166942011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Huang da W, Sherman BT and Lempicki RA: Bioinformatics enrichment tools: Paths toward the comprehensive functional analysis of large gene lists. Nucleic Acids Res. 37:1–13. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Huang da W, Sherman BT and Lempicki RA: Systematic and integrative analysis of large gene lists using DAVID bioinformatics resources. Nat Protoc. 4:44–57. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Langfelder P and Horvath S: WGCNA: An R package for weighted correlation network analysis. BMC Bioinformatics. 9:5592008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Bindea G, Mlecnik B, Hackl H, Charoentong P, Tosolini M, Kirilovsky A, Fridman WH, Pagès F, Trajanoski Z and Galon J: ClueGO: A Cytoscape plug-in to decipher functionally grouped gene ontology and pathway annotation networks. Bioinformatics. 25:1091–1093. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Bindea G, Galon J and Mlecnik B: CluePedia Cytoscape plugin: Pathway insights using integrated experimental and in silico data. Bioinformatics. 29:661–663. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Du X, Zhao YP, Zhang TP, Zhou L, Chen G, Wang TX, You L and Shu H: Alteration of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway is involved in Notch-induced chemoresistance to gemcitabine in pancreatic cancer. Arch Med Res. 45:15–20. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Grossi V, Peserico A, Tezil T and Simone C: p38α MAPK pathway: A key factor in colorectal cancer therapy and chemoresistance. World J Gastroenterol. 20:9744–9758. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Yuan J, Yin Z, Tao K, Wang G and Gao J: Function of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor in cancer resistance to chemotherapy. Oncol Lett. 15:41–47. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

18 

Bystrykh L, Weersing E, Dontje B, Sutton S, Pletcher MT, Wiltshire T, Su AI, Vellenga E, Wang J, Manly KF, et al: Uncovering regulatory pathways that affect hematopoietic stem cell function using ‘genetical genomics’. Nat Genet. 37:225–232. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Schadt EE, Lamb J, Yang X, Zhu J, Edwards S, Guhathakurta D, Sieberts SK, Monks S, Reitman M, Zhang C, et al: An integrative genomics approach to infer causal associations between gene expression and disease. Nat Genet. 37:710–717. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Yang Y, Han L, Yuan Y, Li J, Hei N and Liang H: Gene co-expression network analysis reveals common system-level properties of prognostic genes across cancer types. Nat Commun. 5:32312014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Marin JJ, Briz O, Monte MJ, Blazquez AG and Macias RI: Genetic variants in genes involved in mechanisms of chemoresistance to anticancer drugs. Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 12:402–438. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Delitto D, Vertes-George E, Hughes SJ, Behrns KE and Trevino JG: c-Met signaling in the development of tumorigenesis and chemoresistance: Potential applications in pancreatic cancer. World J Gastroenterol. 20:8458–8470. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Yuan X, Wu H, Xu H, Xiong H, Chu Q, Yu S, Wu GS and Wu K: Notch signaling: An emerging therapeutic target for cancer treatment. Cancer Lett. 369:20–27. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Sui X, Kong N, Ye L, Han W, Zhou J, Zhang Q, He C and Pan H: p38 and JNK MAPK pathways control the balance of apoptosis and autophagy in response to chemotherapeutic agents. Cancer Lett. 344:174–179. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Racioppi L: CaMKK2: A novel target for shaping the androgen-regulated tumor ecosystem. Trends Mol Med. 19:83–88. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Lin F, Marcelo KL, Rajapakshe K, Coarfa C, Dean A, Wilganowski N, Robinson H, Sevick E, Bissig KD, Goldie LC, et al: The camKK2/camKIV relay is an essential regulator of hepatic cancer. Hepatology. 62:505–520. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Buemi M, Caccamo C, Nostro L, Cavallaro E, Floccari F and Grasso G: Brain and cancer: The protective role of erythropoietin. Med Res Rev. 25:245–259. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Wyman SK, Knouf EC, Parkin RK, Fritz BR, Lin DW, Dennis LM, Krouse MA, Webster PJ and Tewari M: Post-transcriptional generation of miRNA variants by multiple nucleotidyl transferases contributes to miRNA transcriptome complexity. Genome Res. 21:1450–1461. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Sepulveda JL and Wu C: The parvins. Cell Mol Life Sci. 63:25–35. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Garrisi VM, Strippoli S, De Summa S, Pinto R, Perrone A, Guida G, Azzariti A, Guida M and Tommasi S: Proteomic profile and in silico analysis in metastatic melanoma with and without BRAF mutation. PLoS One. 9:e1120252014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Sun D, Liu Y, Zhang XS and Wu LY: CEA: Combination-based gene set functional enrichment analysis. Sci Rep. 8:130852018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Lemmon MA and Schlessinger J: Cell signaling by receptor tyrosine kinases. Cell. 141:1117–1134. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Witsch E, Sela M and Yarden Y: Roles for growth factors in cancer progression. Physiology (Bethesda). 25:85–101. 2010.PubMed/NCBI

34 

Sun J, Feng C, Liao W, Zhang H and Tang S: Expression of CXC chemokine receptor-4 and forkhead box 3 in neuroblastoma cells and response to chemotherapy. Oncol Lett. 7:2083–2088. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Yang H, Zhang C and Cui S: Expression of hepatocyte growth factor in breast cancer and its effect on prognosis and sensitivity to chemotherapy. Mol Med Rep. 11:1037–1042. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

McGranahan N and Swanton C: Clonal heterogeneity and tumor evolution: Past, present, and the future. Cell. 168:613–628. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Dungrawala H, Bhat KP, Le Meur R, Chazin WJ, Ding X, Sharan SK, Wessel SR, Sathe AA, Zhao R and Cortez D: RADX promotes genome stability and modulates chemosensitivity by regulating RAD51 at replication forks. Mol Cell. 67:374–386.e5. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Juan HC, Lin Y, Chen HR and Fann MJ: Cdk12 is essential for embryonic development and the maintenance of genomic stability. Cell Death Differ. 23:1038–1048. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Mitchem JB, Brennan DJ, Knolhoff BL, Belt BA, Zhu Y, Sanford DE, Belaygorod L, Carpenter D, Collins L, Piwnica-Worms D, et al: Targeting tumor-infiltrating macrophages decreases tumor-initiating cells, relieves immunosuppression, and improves chemotherapeutic responses. Cancer Res. 73:1128–1141. 2013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Genin M, Clement F, Fattaccioli A, Raes M and Michiels C: M1 and M2 macrophages derived from THP-1 cells differentially modulate the response of cancer cells to etoposide. BMC Cancer. 15:5772015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Chen Y, Zhu J, Lum PY, Yang X, Pinto S, MacNeil DJ, Zhang C, Lamb J, Edwards S, Sieberts SK, et al: Variations in DNA elucidate molecular networks that cause disease. Nature. 452:429–435. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yuan J, Tan L, Yin Z, Tao K, Wang G, Shi W and Gao J: Bioinformatics analysis identifies potential chemoresistance‑associated genes across multiple types of cancer. Oncol Lett 18: 2576-2583, 2019.
APA
Yuan, J., Tan, L., Yin, Z., Tao, K., Wang, G., Shi, W., & Gao, J. (2019). Bioinformatics analysis identifies potential chemoresistance‑associated genes across multiple types of cancer. Oncology Letters, 18, 2576-2583. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10533
MLA
Yuan, J., Tan, L., Yin, Z., Tao, K., Wang, G., Shi, W., Gao, J."Bioinformatics analysis identifies potential chemoresistance‑associated genes across multiple types of cancer". Oncology Letters 18.3 (2019): 2576-2583.
Chicago
Yuan, J., Tan, L., Yin, Z., Tao, K., Wang, G., Shi, W., Gao, J."Bioinformatics analysis identifies potential chemoresistance‑associated genes across multiple types of cancer". Oncology Letters 18, no. 3 (2019): 2576-2583. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10533
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yuan J, Tan L, Yin Z, Tao K, Wang G, Shi W and Gao J: Bioinformatics analysis identifies potential chemoresistance‑associated genes across multiple types of cancer. Oncol Lett 18: 2576-2583, 2019.
APA
Yuan, J., Tan, L., Yin, Z., Tao, K., Wang, G., Shi, W., & Gao, J. (2019). Bioinformatics analysis identifies potential chemoresistance‑associated genes across multiple types of cancer. Oncology Letters, 18, 2576-2583. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10533
MLA
Yuan, J., Tan, L., Yin, Z., Tao, K., Wang, G., Shi, W., Gao, J."Bioinformatics analysis identifies potential chemoresistance‑associated genes across multiple types of cancer". Oncology Letters 18.3 (2019): 2576-2583.
Chicago
Yuan, J., Tan, L., Yin, Z., Tao, K., Wang, G., Shi, W., Gao, J."Bioinformatics analysis identifies potential chemoresistance‑associated genes across multiple types of cancer". Oncology Letters 18, no. 3 (2019): 2576-2583. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2019.10533
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team