Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
March-2020 Volume 19 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
March-2020 Volume 19 Issue 3

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

TSP‑1 as a novel biological marker of tumor vasculature normalization in colon carcinoma induced by Endostar

  • Authors:
    • Wende Yang
    • Wei Li
    • Fan Pan
    • Xiao‑Yan Yang
    • Xiaoxu Zhao
    • Li Qin
    • Yunlong Pan
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China, Departments of Histology and Embryology, Medical School of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, P.R. China
    Copyright: © Yang et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Pages: 2107-2114
    |
    Published online on: January 21, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11320
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Blood vessels in tumors often exhibit abnormal morphology and function, which promotes the growth, metastasis and resistance of tumors to conventional therapies. Therefore, vascular normalization is an emerging strategy to enhance the effectiveness of radiotherapy and chemotherapy when used in combination; however, there is a lack of evidence regarding the optimal schedule for the co‑administration of anti‑angiogenic and chemotherapeutic drugs. Scheduling treatment is important as the period for normalization is transient, also known as the ‘time window’; however, no biomarker has been identified to detect this window. In the present study, recombinant human endostatin (rhES) was employed as an anti‑angiogenic agent in xenograft tumor tissue in mice. Following rhES or control (saline) treatment, the density and integrity of tumor vessels were detected by immunofluorescence staining for cluster of differentiation 31 and α‑smooth muscle actin; the level of hypoxia in tumor tissue was examined by immunohistochemistry with pimonidazole; the necrotic area was evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin staining; and the level of thrombospondin‑1 (TSP‑1) in plasma was tested by ELISA. The Cell Counting Kit‑8 assay was also used to evaluate the effect of rhES on the proliferation of colon carcinoma SW620 cells. A ‘time window’ normalized vasculature was determined between day 4 and 6 following rhES treatment, and accompanied by a decrease in hypoxia in tumor tissue. Decreasing plasma TSP‑1 levels were consistent with changes in vascular morphology and hypoxia, which exhibited features of normalization. In addition, rhES had no effect on the proliferation of SW620 cells, suggesting that the reduction in TSP‑1 was associated with increased oxygen content during vascular normalization, rather than inhibited cell proliferation. In conclusion, TSP‑1 may be a potential biomarker for predicting the normalization window of colon cancer vessels.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

View References

1 

Folkman J: Tumor angiogenesis: Therapeutic implications. N Engl J Med. 285:1182–1186. 1971. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

2 

Rupaimoole R, Ivan C, Yang D, Gharpure KM, Wu SY, Pecot CV, Previs RA, Nagaraja AS, Armaiz-Pena GN, McGuire M, et al: Hypoxia-upregulated microRNA-630 targets Dicer, leading to increased tumor progression. Oncogene. 35:4312–4320. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Adapala RK, Thoppil RJ, Ghosh K, Cappelli HC, Dudley AC, Paruchuri S, Keshamouni V, Klagsbrun M, Meszaros JG, Chilian WM, et al: Activation of mechanosensitive ion channel TRPV4 normalizes tumor vasculature and improves cancer therapy. Oncogene. 35:314–322. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Shin DH, Choi YJ and Park JW: SIRT1 and AMPK mediate hypoxia-induced resistance of non-small cell lung cancers to cisplatin and doxorubicin. Cancer Res. 74:298–308. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Sen A, Capitano ML, Spernyak JA, Schueckler JT, Thomas S, Singh AK, Evans SS, Hylander BL and Repasky EA: Mild elevation of body temperature reduces tumor interstitial fluid pressure and hypoxia and enhances efficacy of radiotherapy in murine tumor models. Cancer Res. 71:3872–3880. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

6 

Ashton TM, Fokas E, Kunz-Schughart LA, Folkes LK, Anbalagan S, Huether M, Kelly CJ, Pirovano G, Buffa FM, Hammond EM, et al: The anti-malarial atovaquone increases radiosensitivity by alleviating tumour hypoxia. Nat Commun. 7:123082016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Meijer TW, Kaanders JH, Span PN and Bussink J: Targeting hypoxia, HIF-1, and tumor glucose metabolism to improve radiotherapy efficacy. Clin Cancer Res. 18:5585–5594. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Zhang HM, Ren Y, Tang XJ, Wang K, Liu Y, Zhang L, Li X, Liu P, Zhao C and He J: Vascular normalization induced by sinomenine hydrochloride results in suppressed mammary tumor growth and metastasis. Sci Rep. 5:88882015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Jain RK: Normalizing tumor vasculature with anti-angiogenic therapy: A new paradigm for combination therapy. Nat Med. 7:987–989. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Chatterjee S, Wieczorek C, Schöttle J, Siobal M, Hinze Y, Franz T, Florin A, Adamczak J, Heukamp LC, Neumaier B and Ullrich RT: Transient antiangiogenic treatment improves delivery of cytotoxic compounds and therapeutic outcome in lung cancer. Cancer Res. 74:2816–2824. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Ader I, Gstalder C, Bouquerel P, Golzio M, Andrieu G, Zalvidea S, Richard S, Sabbadini RA, Malavaud B and Cuvillier O: Neutralizing S1P inhibits intratumoral hypoxia, induces vascular remodelling and sensitizes to chemotherapy in prostate cancer. Oncotarget. 6:13803–13821. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Goel S, Duda DG, Xu L, Munn LL, Boucher Y, Fukumura D and Jain RK: Normalization of the vasculature for treatment of cancer and other diseases. Physiol Rev. 91:1071–1121. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Schneider BP, Wang M, Radovich M, Sledge GW, Badve S, Thor A, Flockhart DA, Hancock B, Davidson N, Gralow J, et al: Association of vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 genetic polymorphisms with outcome in a trial of paclitaxel compared with paclitaxel plus bevacizumab in advanced breast cancer: ECOG 2100. J Clin Oncol. 26:4672–4678. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

Schneider Duda DG, Willett CG, Ancukiewicz M, di Tomaso E, Shah M, Czito BG, Bentley R, Poleski M, Lauwers GY, Carroll M, et al: Plasma soluble VEGFR-1 is a potential dual biomarker of response and toxicity for bevacizumab with chemoradiation in locally advanced rectal cancer. Oncologist. 15:577–583. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Lassau N, Coiffier B, Kind M, Vilgrain V, Lacroix J, Cuinet M, Taieb S, Aziza R, Sarran A, Labbe-Devilliers C, et al: Selection of an early biomarker for vascular normalization using dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasonography to predict outcomes of metastatic patients treated with bevacizumab. Ann Oncol. 27:1922–1928. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Good DJ, Polverini PJ, Rastinejad F, Le Beau MM, Lemons RS, Frazier WA and Bouck NP: A tumor suppressor-dependent inhibitor of angiogenesis is immunologically and functionally indistinguishable from a fragment of thrombospondin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 87:6624–6628. 1990. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Takahashi K, Sumarriva K, Kim R, Jiang R, Brantley-Sieders DM, Chen J, Mernaugh RL and Takahashi T: Determination of the CD148-interacting region in thrombospondin-1. PLoS One. 11:e01549162016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Hamano Y, Sugimoto H, Soubasakos MA, Kieran M, Olsen BR, Lawler J, Sudhakar A and Kalluri R: Thrombospondin-1 associated with tumor microenvironment contributes to low-dose cyclophosphamide-mediated endothelial cell apoptosis and tumor growth suppression. Cancer Res. 64:1570–1574. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Bocci G, Francia G, Man S, Lawler J and Kerbel RS: Thrombospondin 1, a mediator of the antiangiogenic effects of low-dose metronomic chemotherapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 100:12917–12922. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Firlej V, Mathieu JR, Gilbert C, Lemonnier L, Nakhlé J, Gallou-Kabani C, Guarmit B, Morin A, Prevarskaya N, Delongchamps NB and Cabon F: Thrombospondin-1 triggers cell migration and development of advanced prostate tumors. Cancer Res. 71:7649–7658. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Ohta M, Kawabata T, Yamamoto M, Tanaka T, Kikuchi H, Hiramatsu Y, Kamiya K, Baba M and Konno H: TSU68, an antiangiogenic receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, induces tumor vascular normalization in a human cancer xenograft nude mouse model. Surg Today. 39:1046–1053. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

22 

Meng MB, Zaorsky NG, Deng L, Wang HH, Chao J, Zhao LJ, Yuan ZY and Ping W: Pericytes: Adouble-edged sword in cancer therapy. Future Oncol. 11:169–179. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Gaustad JV, Simonsen TG, Andersen LM and Rofstad EK: Thrombospondin-1 domain-containing peptide properdistatin improves vascular function in human melanoma xenografts. Microvasc Res. 98:159–165. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Dawes J, Clemetson KJ, Gogstad GO, McGregor J, Clezardin P, Prowse CV and Pepper DS: A radioimmunoassay for thrombospondin, used in a comparative study of thrombospondin, beta-thromboglobulin and platelet factor 4 in healthy volunteers. Thromb Res. 29:569–581. 1983. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

25 

Phelan MW, Forman LW, Perrine SP and Faller DV: Hypoxia increases thrombospondin-1 transcript and protein in cultured endothelial cells. J Lab Clin Med. 132:519–529. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Jain RK: Normalization of tumor vasculature: An emerging concept in antiangiogenic therapy. Science. 307:58–62. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Giantonio BJ, Catalano PJ, Meropol NJ, O'Dwyer PJ, Mitchell EP, Alberts SR, Schwartz MA and Benson AB III; Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Study E3200, : Bevacizumab in combination with oxaliplatin, fluorouracil, and leucovorin (FOLFOX4) for previously treated metastatic colorectal cancer: Results from the Eastern cooperative oncology group study E3200. J Clin Oncol. 25:1539–1544. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Browder T, Butterfield CE, Kräling BM, Shi B, Marshall B, O'Reilly MS and Folkman J: Antiangiogenic scheduling of chemotherapy improves efficacy against experimental drug-resistant cancer. Cancer Res. 60:1878–1886. 2000.PubMed/NCBI

29 

Segers J, Di Fazio V, Ansiaux R, Martinive P, Feron O, Wallemacq P and Gallez B: Potentiation of cyclophosphamide chemotherapy using the anti-angiogenic drug thalidomide: Importance of optimal scheduling to exploit the ‘normalization’ window of the tumor vasculature. Cancer Lett. 244:129–135. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Dickson PV, Hamner JB, Sims TL, Fraga CH, Ng CY, Rajasekeran S, Hagedorn NL, McCarville MB, Stewart CF and Davidoff AM: Bevacizumab-induced transient remodeling of the vasculature in neuroblastoma xenografts results in improved delivery and efficacy of systemically administered chemotherapy. Clin Cancer Res. 13:3942–3950. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Jain RK, Duda DG, Willett CG, Sahani DV, Zhu AX, Loeffler JS, Batchelor TT and Sorensen AG: Biomarkers of response and resistance to antiangiogenic therapy. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 6:327–338. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

Facciabene A, Peng XH, Hagemann IS, Balint K, Barchetti A, Wang LP, Gimotty PA, Gilks CB, Lal P, Zhang L and Coukos G: Tumour hypoxia promotes tolerance and angiogenesis via CCL28 and T-(reg) cells. Nature. 475:226–230. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Chouaib S, Messai Y, Couve S, Escudier B, Hasmim M and Noman MZ: Hypoxia promotes tumor growth in linking angiogenesis to immune escape. Front Immunol. 3:212012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Jia Y, Liu M, Huang W, Wang Z, He Y, Wu J, Ren S, Ju Y, Geng R and Li Z: Recombinant human endostatin endostar inhibits tumor growth and metastasis in a mouse xenograft model of colon cancer. Pathol Oncol Res. 18:315–323. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Sorensen AG, Batchelor TT, Zhang WT, Chen PJ, Yeo P, Wang MY, Jennings D, Wen PY, Lahdenranta J, Ancukiewicz M, et al: A ‘Vascular Normalization Index’ as potential mechanistic biomarker to predict survival after a single dose of cediranib in recurrent glioblastoma patients. Cancer Res. 69:5296–5300. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Yang W, Li W, Pan F, Yang XY, Zhao X, Qin L and Pan Y: TSP‑1 as a novel biological marker of tumor vasculature normalization in colon carcinoma induced by Endostar. Oncol Lett 19: 2107-2114, 2020.
APA
Yang, W., Li, W., Pan, F., Yang, X., Zhao, X., Qin, L., & Pan, Y. (2020). TSP‑1 as a novel biological marker of tumor vasculature normalization in colon carcinoma induced by Endostar. Oncology Letters, 19, 2107-2114. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11320
MLA
Yang, W., Li, W., Pan, F., Yang, X., Zhao, X., Qin, L., Pan, Y."TSP‑1 as a novel biological marker of tumor vasculature normalization in colon carcinoma induced by Endostar". Oncology Letters 19.3 (2020): 2107-2114.
Chicago
Yang, W., Li, W., Pan, F., Yang, X., Zhao, X., Qin, L., Pan, Y."TSP‑1 as a novel biological marker of tumor vasculature normalization in colon carcinoma induced by Endostar". Oncology Letters 19, no. 3 (2020): 2107-2114. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11320
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Yang W, Li W, Pan F, Yang XY, Zhao X, Qin L and Pan Y: TSP‑1 as a novel biological marker of tumor vasculature normalization in colon carcinoma induced by Endostar. Oncol Lett 19: 2107-2114, 2020.
APA
Yang, W., Li, W., Pan, F., Yang, X., Zhao, X., Qin, L., & Pan, Y. (2020). TSP‑1 as a novel biological marker of tumor vasculature normalization in colon carcinoma induced by Endostar. Oncology Letters, 19, 2107-2114. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11320
MLA
Yang, W., Li, W., Pan, F., Yang, X., Zhao, X., Qin, L., Pan, Y."TSP‑1 as a novel biological marker of tumor vasculature normalization in colon carcinoma induced by Endostar". Oncology Letters 19.3 (2020): 2107-2114.
Chicago
Yang, W., Li, W., Pan, F., Yang, X., Zhao, X., Qin, L., Pan, Y."TSP‑1 as a novel biological marker of tumor vasculature normalization in colon carcinoma induced by Endostar". Oncology Letters 19, no. 3 (2020): 2107-2114. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.11320
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team