Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Oncology Letters
      • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • Information for Authors
    • Information for Reviewers
    • Information for Librarians
    • Information for Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Spandidos Publications Logo
  • About
    • About Spandidos
    • Aims and Scopes
    • Abstracting and Indexing
    • Editorial Policies
    • Reprints and Permissions
    • Job Opportunities
    • Terms and Conditions
    • Contact
  • Journals
    • All Journals
    • Biomedical Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Epigenetics
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Functional Nutrition
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Molecular Medicine
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • International Journal of Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Medicine International
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular and Clinical Oncology
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Molecular Medicine Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Letters
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • Oncology Reports
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
    • World Academy of Sciences Journal
      • Information for Authors
      • Editorial Policies
      • Editorial Board
      • Aims and Scope
      • Abstracting and Indexing
      • Bibliographic Information
      • Archive
  • Articles
  • Information
    • For Authors
    • For Reviewers
    • For Librarians
    • For Advertisers
    • Conferences
  • Language Editing
Login Register Submit
  • This site uses cookies
  • You can change your cookie settings at any time by following the instructions in our Cookie Policy. To find out more, you may read our Privacy Policy.

    I agree
Search articles by DOI, keyword, author or affiliation
Search
Advanced Search
presentation
Oncology Letters
Join Editorial Board Propose a Special Issue
Print ISSN: 1792-1074 Online ISSN: 1792-1082
Journal Cover
December-2020 Volume 20 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

Journals

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine

International Journal of Molecular Medicine is an international journal devoted to molecular mechanisms of human disease.

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology

International Journal of Oncology is an international journal devoted to oncology research and cancer treatment.

Molecular Medicine Reports

Molecular Medicine Reports

Covers molecular medicine topics such as pharmacology, pathology, genetics, neuroscience, infectious diseases, molecular cardiology, and molecular surgery.

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports

Oncology Reports is an international journal devoted to fundamental and applied research in Oncology.

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine

Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine is an international journal devoted to laboratory and clinical medicine.

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters

Oncology Letters is an international journal devoted to Experimental and Clinical Oncology.

Biomedical Reports

Biomedical Reports

Explores a wide range of biological and medical fields, including pharmacology, genetics, microbiology, neuroscience, and molecular cardiology.

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

Molecular and Clinical Oncology

International journal addressing all aspects of oncology research, from tumorigenesis and oncogenes to chemotherapy and metastasis.

World Academy of Sciences Journal

World Academy of Sciences Journal

Multidisciplinary open-access journal spanning biochemistry, genetics, neuroscience, environmental health, and synthetic biology.

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

International Journal of Functional Nutrition

Open-access journal combining biochemistry, pharmacology, immunology, and genetics to advance health through functional nutrition.

International Journal of Epigenetics

International Journal of Epigenetics

Publishes open-access research on using epigenetics to advance understanding and treatment of human disease.

Medicine International

Medicine International

An International Open Access Journal Devoted to General Medicine.

Journal Cover
December-2020 Volume 20 Issue 6

Full Size Image

Sign up for eToc alerts
Recommend to Library

  • Article
  • Citations
    • Cite This Article
    • Download Citation
    • Create Citation Alert
    • Remove Citation Alert
    • Cited By
  • Similar Articles
    • Related Articles (in Spandidos Publications)
    • Similar Articles (Google Scholar)
    • Similar Articles (PubMed)
  • Download PDF
  • Download XML
  • View XML
Article Open Access

Immunohistochemical expression of insulin‑like growth factor‑1Ec in primary endometrial carcinoma: Association with PTEN, p53 and survivin expression

  • Authors:
    • Aggelis Stavropoulos
    • Michail Varras
    • Anastassios Philippou
    • Thivi Vasilakaki
    • Viktoria-Konstantina Varra
    • Fani-Niki Varra
    • Aikaterini Tsavari
    • Andreas C. Lazaris
    • Michael Koutsilieris
  • View Affiliations / Copyright

    Affiliations: Fourth Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, ‘Elena Venizelou’ General Hospital, Athens 11521, Greece, Fifth Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, ‘Elena Venizelou’ General Hospital, Athens 11521, Greece, Department of Physiology, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University, Athens 11527, Greece, Pathology Department, ‘Tzaneio’ General Hospital, Piraeus 18536, Greece, Pharmacy Department, University of Patras, Patra 26504, Greece, Pharmacy Department, Frederick University, Nicosia 1036, Cyprus, First Pathology Department, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University, Athens 11527, Greece
    Copyright: © Stavropoulos et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License.
  • Article Number: 395
    |
    Published online on: October 29, 2020
       https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12258
  • Expand metrics +
Metrics: Total Views: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Metrics: Total PDF Downloads: 0 (Spandidos Publications: | PMC Statistics: )
Cited By (CrossRef): 0 citations Loading Articles...

This article is mentioned in:



Abstract

Chronic hyperinsulinemia due to insulin resistance and elevated levels of insulin‑like growth factor (IGF)‑1 and IGF‑2 are suggestive of a significantly higher risk of endometrial carcinoma. There is a wealth of evidence showing differential expression of IGF‑1 isoforms in various types of cancer. In the present study, 99 archived endometrial carcinoma tissue sections were retrospectively assessed by immunohistochemistry for IGF‑1Ec isoform expression. Expression of IGF‑1Ec was also assessed in nine cases of non‑neoplastic endometrial tissue adjacent to the tumor, in 30 cases with normal endometrium and in 30 cases with endometrial hyperplasia. Furthermore, the association between IGF‑1Ec and the concurrent expression of phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN), p53 or survivin was assessed, as well as their combined expression in association with clinicopathological variables. In endometrial carcinoma, IGF‑1Ec expression was high in non‑endometrioid carcinoma (serous papillary or clear cell carcinoma) compared with that in endometrioid adenocarcinoma. IGF‑1Ec expression was also high in the presence of tumoral necrosis. Furthermore, there was a significant correlation between the histological differentiation and the sum of staining intensity and the number of IGF‑1Ec immunopositive cells in endometrial carcinoma. There was a moderate negative correlation between co‑expression of IGF‑1Ec and PTEN, for both the number of immunopositive cells (P=0.006, ρ=‑0.343) and the sum of staining (scores and intensity; P=0.006, ρ=‑0.343). Furthermore, there was a positive correlation between the sum of staining (scores and intensity) and co‑expression of IGF‑1Ec and survivin (P=0.043, ρ=0.225). However, there was no association between concomitant expression of IGF‑1Ec and p53. These results emphasized the importance of IGF‑1Ec expression during development of non‑estrogen dependent endometrial adenocarcinoma. IGF‑1Ec and PTEN may function opposingly during endometrial carcinogenesis. By contrast, IGF‑1Ec and survivin may share common molecular pathways and may promote, in parallel, tumoral development.
View Figures

Figure 1

Figure 2

Figure 3

Figure 4

Figure 5

Figure 6

Figure 7

Figure 8

Figure 9

Figure 10

Figure 11

Figure 12

Figure 13

View References

1 

Creasman WT, Odicine F, Maisonneuve P, Quinn MA, Beller U, Benedet JL, Heintz AP, Ngan HY and Pecorelli S: Carcinoma of the corpus uteri. FIGO 26th annual report on the results of treatment in gynecological cancer. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 95 (Suppl 1):S105–S143. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar

2 

Jemal A, Siegel R, Xu J and Ward E: Cancer statistics, 2010. CA Cancer J Clin. 60:277–300. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

3 

Doll A, Abal M, Rigau M, Monge M, Gonzalez M, Demajo S, Colás E, Llauradó M, Alazzouzi H, Planagumá J, et al: Novel molecular profiles of endometrial cancer-new light through old windows. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 108:221–229. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

4 

Bray F, Dos Santos Silva I, Moller H and Weiderpass E: Endometrial cancer incidence trends in Europe: Underlying determinants and prospects for prevention. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 14:1132–1142. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

5 

Kourea HP, Nikolaou M, Tzelepi V, Adonakis G, Kardamakis D, Tsapanos V, Scopa CD, Kalofonos C and Decavalas G: Expression of phosphorylated Akt, mTOR and MAPK in type I endometrial carcinoma: Clinical significance. Anticancer Res. 35:2321–2331. 2015.PubMed/NCBI

6 

Shevra CR, Ghosh A and Kumar M: Cyclin D1 and Ki-67 expression in normal, hyperplastic and neoplastic endometrium. J Postgrad Med. 61:15–20. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

7 

Morice P, Leary A, Creutzberg C, Abu-Rustum N and Darai E: Endometrial cancer. Lancet. 387:1094–1108. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

8 

Takeshita S, Yamashita Y, Shiomi K, Suzuki N, Yoshida J, Naiki-Ito A, Suzuki S, Akatsuka S, Toyokuni S, Takahashi T, et al: Expression of P-REX2a is associated with poor prognosis in endometrial malignancies. Oncotarget. 9:24778–24786. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

9 

Bokhman JV: Two pathogenetic types of endometrial carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol. 15:10–17. 1983. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

10 

Parazzini F, La Vecchia C, Bocciolone L and Franceschi S: The epidemiology of endometrial cancer. Gynecol Oncol. 41:1–16. 1991. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

11 

Steiner E, Eicher O, Sagemuller J, Schmidt M, Pitch H, Tanner B, Hengstler JG, Hofmann M and Knapstein PG: Multivariate independent prognostic factors in endometrial carcinoma: A clinicopathological study in 181 patients: 10 experience at the department of obstetrics and gynecology of the mainz university. Int J Gynecol Cancer. 13:197–203. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

12 

Prat J: Prognostic parameters of endometrial carcinoma. Hum Pathol. 35:649–662. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

13 

Daughaday WH and Rotwein P: Insulin-like factors I and II. Peptide, messenger ribonucleic acid and gene structures, serum and tissue concentrations. Endocr Rev. 10:68–91. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

14 

De Meyts P and Whittaker J: Structural biology of insulin and IGF1 receptors: Implications for drug design. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 1:769–783. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

15 

Federici M, Porzio O, Zucaro L, Giovannone B, Borboni P, Marini MA, Lauro D and Sesti G: Increased abundance of insulin/IGF-I hybrid receptors in adipose tissue from NIDDM patients. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 135:41–47. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

16 

Nakae J, Kido Y and Accili D: Distinct and overlapping functions of insulin and IGF-I receptors. Endocr Rev. 22:818–835. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

17 

Baserga R, Peruzzi F and Reiss K: The IGF-1 receptor in cancer biology. Int J Cancer. 107:873–877. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

18 

Taguchi A and White MF: Insulin-like signaling, nutrient homeostasis, and life span. Annu Rev Physiol. 70:191–212. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

19 

Samani AA, Yakar S, LeRoith D and Brodt P: The role of the IGF system in cancer growth and metastasis: Overview and recent insights. Endocr Rev. 28:20–47. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

20 

Milingos DS, Philippou A, Armakolas A, Papageorgiou E, Sourla A, Protopapas A, Liapi A, Antsaklis A, Mastrominas M and Koutsilieris M: Insulin-like growth factor-1Ec (MGF) expression in eutropic and ectopic endometrium: Characterization of the MGF E-peptide actions in vitro. Mol Med. 17:21–28. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

21 

Jones JI and Clemmons DR: Insulin-like growth factors and their binding proteins: Biological actions. Endocr Rev. 13:3–34. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar

22 

Majchrzak-Baczmańska D and Malinowski A: Does IGF-1 play a role in the biology of endometrial cancer? Ginekol Pol. 87:598–604. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

23 

Flannery CA, Saleh FL, Choe GH, Selen DJ, Kodaman PH, Kliman HJ, Wood TL and Taylor HS: Differential expression of IR-A, IR-B and IGF-1R in endometrial physiology and distinct signature in adenocarcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 101:2883–2891. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

24 

Dai C, Li N, Song G, Yang Y and Ning X: Insulin-like growth factor 1 regulates growth of endometrial carcinoma through PI3k signaling pathway in insulin-resistant type 2 diabetes. Am J Transl Res. 8:3329–3336. 2016.PubMed/NCBI

25 

Alexandraki KI, Philippou A, Boutzios G, Theohari I, Koutsilieris M, Delladetsima IK and Kaltsas GA: IGF-IEc expression is increased in secondary compared to primary foci in neuroendocrine neoplasms. Oncotarget. 8:79003–79011. 2017. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

26 

Mazerbourg S and Monget P: Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins and IGFBP proteases: A dynamic system regulating the ovarian folliculogenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 9:1342018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

27 

Rutanen EM, Nyman T, Lehtovirta P, Ammala M and Pekonen F: Suppressed expression of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 mRNA in the endometrium: A molecular mechanism associating endometrial cancer with its risk factors. Int J Cancer. 59:307–312. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

28 

Suvanto-Luukkonen E, Sundostrom H, Penttinen J, Kauppila A and Rutane EM: Insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-1: A biochemical marker of endometrial response to progestin during hormone replacement therapy. Maturitas. 22:255–262. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

29 

Vassilakos G, Philippou A, Tsakiroglou P and Koutsilieris M: Biological activity of the e domain of the IGF-1Ec as addressed by synthetic peptides. Hormones (Athens). 13:182–196. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

30 

Philippou A, Maridaki M, Pneumaticos S and Koutsilieris M: The complexity of the IGF1 gene splicing, posttranslational modification and bioactivity. Mol Med. 20:202–214. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

31 

Kornfeld S: Structure and function of the mannose-6-phosphate/insulinlike growth factor II receptors. Annu Rev Biochem. 61:307–330. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

32 

LeRoith D and Roberts CT Jr: The insulin-like growth factor system and cancer. Cancer Lett. 195:127–137. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

33 

Baxter RC and Martin JL: Binding proteins for the insulin-like growth factors: Structure, regulation and function. Prog Growth Factor Res. 1:49–68. 1989. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

34 

Murphy LJ and Ghahary A: Uterine insulin-like growth factor-1: Regulation of expression and its role in estrogen-induced uterine proliferation. Endocr Rev. 11:443–453. 1990. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

35 

Yu H and Rohan T: Role of the insulin-like growth factor family in cancer development and progression. J Natl Cancer Inst. 92:1472–1489. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

36 

Mourmouras N, Philippou A, Christopoulos P, Kostoglou K, Grivaki C, Konstantinidis C, Serafetinides E, Delakas D and Koutsilieris M: Different expression of IGF-I transcripts in bladder cancer. Anticancer Res. 38:3453–3459. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

37 

Kelley KM, Oh Y, Gargosky SE, Gucev Z, Matsumoto T, Hwa V, Ng L, Simpson DM and Rosenfeld RG: Insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IBFBPs) and their regulatory dynamics. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 28:619–637. 1996. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

38 

Clemmons DR: Insulin-like growth factor binding proteins and their role in controlling IGF actions. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 8:45–62. 1997. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

39 

Burroughs KD, Donn SE, Barrett JC and Taylor JA: Insulin-like growth factor-I: A key regulator of human cancer risk? J Natl Cancer Inst. 91:579–581. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

40 

Adamo ML, Ben-Hur H, LeReith D and Roberts CT Jr: Transcription initiation in the two leader exons of the rat IGF-1 gene occurs from disperse versus localized sites. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 176:887–893. 1991. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

41 

Adamo ML, Neuenschwander S, LeRoith D and Roberts CT Jr: Structure, expression, and regulation of the IGF-I gene. Adv Exp Med Biol. 343:1–11. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

42 

Adamo ML: Regulation of insulin-like growth factor I gene expression. Implications for normal and pathological growth. Diabetes Rev. 3:2–27. 1995.

43 

Simmons JG, Van Wyk JJ, Hoyt EC and Lund PK: Multiple transcription start sites in the rat insulin-like growth factor-I gene give rise to IGF-I mRNAs that encode different IGF-I precursors and are processed differently in vitro. Growth Factors. 9:205–221. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

44 

Bell GI, Stempien MM, Fong NM and Rall LB: Sequences of liver cDNAs encoding two different mouse insulin-like growth factor 1 precursors. Nucleic Acids Res. 14:7873–7882. 1986. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

45 

Temmerman L, Slonimsky E and Rosenthal N: Class 2 IGF-1 isoforms are dispensabile for viability, growth and maintenance of IGF-1 serum levels. Growth Horm IGF Res. 20:255–263. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

46 

Matheny RW Jr, Nindl BC and Adamo ML: Minireview: Mechano-growth factor: A putative product of IGF-I gene expression involved in tissue repair and regeneration. Endocrinology. 151:865–875. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

47 

Kasprzak A, Szaflarski W, Szmeja J, Andrzejewska M, Przybyszewska W, Kaczmarek E, Koczorowska M, Kościński T, Zabel M and Drews M: Differential expression of IGF-1 mRNA isoforms in colorectal carcinoma and normal colon tissue. Int J Oncol. 42:305–316. 2013.PubMed/NCBI

48 

Philippou A, Armakolas A and Koutsilieris M: Evidence for the possible biological significance of the igf-1 gene alternative splicing in prostate cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 4:312013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

49 

Jansen M, van Schaik FM, Richer AT, Bullock B, Woods DE, Gabbay KH, Nauubaum AL, Sussenbach JS and Van den Brande JL: Sequence of cDNA encoding human insulin-like growth factor I precursor. Nature. 306:609–611. 1983. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

50 

Brisson BK, Spinazzola J, Park S and Barton ER: Viral expression of insulin-like growth factor I E-peptide increases skeletal muscle mass but at the expense of strength. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 306:E965–E974. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

51 

Rotwein P, Pollock KM, Didier DK and Krivi GG: Organization and sequence of the human insulin-like growth factor I gene. Alternative RNA processing produces two insulin-like growth factor I precursor peptides. J Biol Chem. 261:4828–4832. 1986.PubMed/NCBI

52 

Duguay SJ: Post-translational processing of insulin-like growth factors. Horm Metab Res. 31:43–49. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

53 

Barton ER: The ABCs of IGF-I isoforms: Impact on muscle hypertrophy and implications for repair. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 31:791–797. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

54 

Wallis M: New insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-precursor sequences from mammalian genomes: The molecular evolution of IGFs and associated peptides in primates. Growth Horm IGF Res. 19:12–23. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

55 

Siegfriend JM, Kasprzyk PG, Treston AM, Mulshine JL, Quinn KA and Cuttitta F: A mitogenic peptide amide encoded within the E peptide domain of the insulin-like growth factor IB prohormone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 89:8107–8111. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

56 

Kuo YH and Chen TT: Novel activities of pro-IGF-I E peptides: Regulation of morphological differentiation and anchorage-independent growth in human neuroblastoma cells. Exp Cell Res. 280:75–89. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

57 

Chew SL, Lavender P, Clark AJ and Ross RJ: An alternatively spliced human insulin-like growth factor-1 transcript with hepatic tissue expression that diverts away from mitogenic IBE1 peptide. Endocrinology. 136:1939–1944. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

58 

Tian XC, Chen MJ, Pantschenko AG, Yang TJ and Chen TT: Recombinant E-peptides of pro-IGF-I have mitogenic activity. Endocrinology. 140:3387–3390. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

59 

Chen MJ, Chiou PP, Lin P, Lin CM, Siri S, Peck K and Chen TT: Suppression of growth and cancer-induced angiogenesis of aggressive human breast cancer cells (MDA-MB-231) on the chorionallantoic membrane of developing chicken embryos by E-peptide of pro-IGF-I. J Cell Biochem. 101:1316–1327. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

60 

Armakolas A, Dimakakos A, Loucogiannaki C, Armakolas N, Antonopoulos A, Florou C, Tsioli P, Papageorgiou E, Alexandrou TP, Stathaki M, et al: IL-6 is associated to IGF-1Ec upregulation and Ec peptide secretion, from prostate tumors. Mol Med. 24:62018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

61 

Garrouste F, Remacle-Bonnet M, Fauriat C, Marvaldi J, Luis J and Pommier G: Prevention of cytokine-induced apoptosis by insulin-like growth factor-I is independent of cell adhesion molecules ijn HT29-D4 colon carcinoma cells-evidence for a NF-kappaB-dependent survival mechanism. Cell Death Differ. 9:768–779. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

62 

Alexia C, Fallot G, Lasfer M, Schweizer-Groyer G and Groyer A: An evaluation of the role of insulin-like growth factors (IGF) and of type-I IGF receptor signaling in hepatocarcinogenesis and in the resistance of hepatocarcinoma cells against drug-induced apoptosis. Biochem Pharmacol. 86:1003–1015. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar

63 

Wang HS and Chard T: IGFs and IGF-binding proteins in the regulation of human ovarian and endometrial function. J Endocrinol. 161:1–13. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

64 

Bogdanos J, Karamanolakis D, Tenta R, Tsintavis A, Milathianakis C, Mitsiades C and Koutsilieris M: Endocrine/paracrine/autocrine survival factor activity of bone microenviroment participates in the development of androgen ablation and chemotherpay refractoriness of prostate cancer metastasis in skeleton. Endocr Relat Cancer. 10:279–289. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

65 

Koutsilieris M: Pathophysiology of uterine leiomyomas. Biochem Cell Biol. 70:273–278. 1992. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

66 

Koutsilieris M, Mitsiades C and Sourla A: Insulin-like growth factor I and urokinase-type plasminogen activator bioregulation system as a survival mechanism of prostate cancer cells in osteoblastic metastases: Development of anti-survival factor therapy for hormone-reflactory prostate cancer. Mol Med. 6:251–267. 2000. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

67 

Hernandez AV, Pasupuleti V, Benites-Zapata VA, Thota P, Deshpande A and Perez-Lopez FR: Insulin resistance and endometrial cancer risk: A systemic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Cancer. 51:2747–2758. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

68 

Pavelic J, Radakovic B and Pavelic K: Insulin-like growth factor 2 and its receptors (IGF 1R and IGF 2R/mannose 6-phospate) in endometrial adenocarcinoma. Gynecol Oncol. 105:727–735. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

69 

Stavropoulos A, Varras M, Vasilakaki T, Varra VK, Tsavari A, Varra FN, Nonni A, Kavantzas N and Lazaris AC: Expression of p53 and PTEN in human primary endometrial carcinomas: Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical analysis and study of their concomitant expression. Oncol Lett. 17:4575–4589. 2019.PubMed/NCBI

70 

Stavropoulos A, Varras M, Vasilakaki T, Varra VK, Varra FN, Tsavari A, Nonni A, Kavantzas N and Lazaris AC: Expression of anti-apoptotic protein survivin in human endometrial carcinoma: Clinical and pathological correlations as a separate factor and in combination with concomitant PTEN and p53 expression. Oncol Lett. 20:1033–1054. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

71 

Galimi F, Torti D, Sassi F, Isella C, Corà D, Gastaldi S, Ribero D, Muratore A, Massucco P, Siatis D, et al: Genetic and expression analysis of MET, MACC1, and HGF in metastatic colorectal cancer: Response to met inhibition in patient xenografts and pathologic correlations. Clin Cancer Res. 17:3146–3156. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

72 

Li M, Xin X, Wu T, Hua T and Wang H and Wang H: Stromal cells of endometrial carcinoma promotes proliferation of epithelial cells through the HGF/c-Met/Akt signaling pathway. Tumour Biol. 36:6239–6248. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

73 

Harpaz N, Taboada S, Ko HM, Yu J, Yang Q, Xu H and Cao W: Expression of MACC1 and MET in inflammatory bowel disease-associated colonic neoplasia. Inflamm Bowel Dis. 20:703–711. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

74 

Zhang Q, Xu P, Lu Y and Dou H: Correlation of MACC1/c-Myc expression in endometrial carcinoma with clinical/pathlogical features or prognosis. Med Sci Monit. 24:4738–4744. 2018. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

75 

Yang E and Yan H: Expression of ELF5 in endometrial carcinoma tissues and its clinical significance. Oncol Lett. 16:3473–3480. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

76 

Singh N, Hirschowitz L, Zaino R, Alvarado-Cabrero I, Duggan MA, Ali-Fehmi R, Euscher E, Hecht JL, Horn LC, Ioffe O, et al: Pathologic prognostic factors in endometrial carcinoma (other than tumor type and grade). Int J Gynecol Pathol. 38 (Suppl 1):S93–S113. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

77 

Sadlecki P, Bodnar M, Grabiec M, Marszalek A, Walentowicz P, Sokup A, Zegarska J and Walentowicz-Sadlecka M: The role of Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, Glucose thransporter-1, (GLUT-1) and carbon anhydrase IX in endometrial cancer patients. Biomed Res Int. 2014:6168502014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

78 

Liu F, Sun Y, Liu B, Lu J, Li H, Zhu H, Gao H, Zhou X and Chang H: Insulin-like growth factor-1 induces epithelial-mesenchymanl transition in hepatocellular carcinoma by activating survivin. Oncol Rep. 40:952–958. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

79 

Bansal N, Yendluri V and Wenham RM: The molecular biology of endometrial cancers and the implications for pathogenesis, classification, and targeted therapies. Cancer Control. 16:8–13. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

80 

Llauradó M, Ruiz A, Majem B, Ertekin T, Colás E, Pedrola N, Devis L, Rigau M, Sequeiros T, Montes M, et al: Molecular bases of endometrial cancer: New roles for new actors in the diagnosis and the therapy of the disease. Mol Cell Endocrinol. 358:244–255. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

81 

Meng X, Dizon DS, Yang S, Wang X, Zhu D, Thiel KW and Leslie KK: Strategies for molecularly enhanced chemotherpay to achieve synthetic lethality in endometrial tumors with mutant p53. Obstet Gynecol Int. 2013:8281652013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

82 

Sugihara T: Loss of adherens junction protein E-cadherin is a biomarker of high grade histology and poor prognosis in endometrial cancer. Ann Clin Lab Res. 4:12016. View Article : Google Scholar

83 

Gómez-Macías GS, Garza-Rodríguez ML, Garza-Guajardo R, Monsiváis-Ovalle D, Ancer-Rodríguez J, Barrera-Saldaña HA and Barboza-Quintana O: Overexpression of the matrix metalloproteinase 11 gene is a potential biomarker for type 1 endometrial cancer. Oncol Lett. 16:1073–1078. 2018.PubMed/NCBI

84 

Buchynska LG, Brieiva OV and Iurchenko NP: Assessment of HER-2/neu, c-MYC and CCNE1 gene copy number variations and protein expression in endometrial carcinomas. Exp Oncol. 41:138–143. 2019.PubMed/NCBI

85 

Reaven GM: Banting lecture 1988. Role of insulin resistance in human disease. Diabetes. 37:1595–1607. 1988. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

86 

Lee DY and Lee TS: Associations between metabolic syndrome and gynecologic cancer. Obstet Gynecol Sci. 63:215–224. 2020. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

87 

Esposito K, Capuano A and Giugliano D: Metabolic syndrome and cancer: Holistic or reductionist? Endocrine. 45:362–364. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

88 

Esposito K, Chiodini P, Colao A, Lenzi A and Giugliano D: Metabolic syndrome and risk of cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Care. 35:2402–2411. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

89 

Trabert B, Wentzensen N, Felix AS, Yang HP, Sherman ME and Brinton LA: Metabolic syndrome and risk of endometrial cancer in the united states: A study in the SEER-medicare linked database. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 24:261–267. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

90 

Jee SH, Kim HJ and Lee J: Obesity, insulin resistance and cancer risk. Yonsei Med J. 46:449–455. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

91 

van Kruijsdijk RC, van der Wall E and Visseren FL: Obesity and cancer: The role of dysfunctional adipose tissue. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 18:2569–2578. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

92 

Iyengar NM, Hudis CA and Dannenberg AJ: Obesity and cancer: Local and systemic mechanisms. Annu Rev Med. 66:297–309. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

93 

Yagen JD and Davidson NE: Estrogen carcinogenesis in breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 354:270–282. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

94 

André F, Rigot V, Remacle-Bonnet M, Luis J, Pommier G and Marvaldi J: Protein kinases C-gamma and -delta are involved in insulin-like growth factor I-induced migration of colonic epithelial cells. Gastroenterology. 116:64–77. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

95 

André F, Rigot V, Thimonier J, Montixi C, Parat F, Pommier G, Marvaldi J and Luis J: Integrins and E-cadherin cooperate with IGF-I to induce migration of epithelial colonic cells. Int J Cancer. 83:497–505. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

96 

Akagi Y, Liu W, Zebrowski B, Xie K and Ellis LM: Regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression in human colon cancer by insulin-like growth factor-I. Cancer Res. 58:4008–4014. 1998.PubMed/NCBI

97 

Wu Y, Yakar S, Zhao L, Hemminghausen L and LeRoith D: Circulating insulin-like growth factor-I levels regulate colon cancer growth and metastasis. Cancer Res. 62:1030–1035. 2002.PubMed/NCBI

98 

Fader AN, Arriba LN, Frasure HE and von Gruenigen VE: Endometrial cancer and obesity: Epidiomiology, biomarkers, prevention and survivorship. Gynecol Oncol. 114:121–127. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

99 

Koczorowska MM, Kwasniewska A and Gozdzicka-Jozefiak A: IGF1 mRNA isoform expression in the cervix of HPV-positive woman with pre-cancerous and cancerous lesions. Exp Ther Med. 2:149–156. 2011. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

100 

Philippou A, Armakolas A, Pantleakou Z, Pissimissis N, Nezos A, Theos A, Kaparelou M, Armakolas N, Pneumaticos SG and Koutsilieris M: IGFF1Ec expression in MG-63 human osteoblast-like osteosarcoma cells. Anticancer Res. 31:4259–4265. 2011.PubMed/NCBI

101 

McKoy G, Ashley W, Mander J, Yang SY, Williams N, Russell B and Goldspink G: Expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 splice variants and structural genes in rabbit skeletal muscle induced by stretch and stimulation. J Physiol. 516:583–592. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

102 

Hameed M, Orrell RW, Cobbold M, Goldspink G and Harridge SD: Expression of IGF-I splice variants in young and old human skeletal muscle after high resistance exercise. J Physiol. 547:247–254. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

103 

Hameed M, Lange KH, Andersen JL, Schjerling P, Kjaer M, Harrigde SD and Goldspink G: The effect of recombinant human growth hormone and resistance training of IGF-I mRNA expression in the muscles of elderly men. J Physiol. 555:231–240. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

104 

Bickel CS, Slade J, Mahoney E, Haddad F, Dudley GA and Adams GR: Time course of molecular responses of human skeletal muscle to acute bouts or resistance exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985). 98:482–488. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

105 

Kim JS, Cross JM and Bamman MM: Impact of resistance loading on myostatin expression and cell cycle regulation in young and older men and women. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab. 288:E1110–E1119. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

106 

Philippou A, Papageorgiou E, Bogdanis G, Halapas A, Sourla A, Maridaki M, Pissimissis N and Koutsilieris M: Expression of IGF-1 isoforms after exercise-induced muscle damage in humans: Characterization of the MGF E peptide actions in vitro. In Vivo. 23:567–575. 2009.PubMed/NCBI

107 

Carpenter V, Matthews K, Devlin G, Stuart S, Jensen J, Conaglen J, Jeanplong F, Goldspink P, Yang SY, Goldspink G, et al: Mechano-growth factor reduces loss of cardiac function in acute myocardial infarction. Heart Lung Circ. 17:33–39. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

108 

Stavropoulou A, Halapas A, Sourla A, Philippou A, Papageorgiou E, Papalois A and Koutsilieris M: IGF-1 expression in infarcted myocardium and MGF E peptide actions in rat cardiomyocytes in vitro. Mol Med. 15:127–135. 2009. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

109 

Armakolas A, Philippou A, Panteleakou Z, Nezos A, Sourla A, Petraki C and Koutsilieris M: Preferential expression of IGF-IEc (MGF) transcript in cancerous tissues of human prostate: Evidence for a novel and autonomous growth factor activity of MGF E peptide in human prostate cancer cells. Prostate. 70:1233–1242. 2010. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

110 

Liu JP, Baker J, Perkins AS, Robertson EJ and Efstratiadis A: Mice carrying null mutations of the genes encoding insulin-like growth factor I (Igf-1) and type 1 IGF receptor (Igf1r). Cell. 75:59–72. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

111 

Siddle K, Ursø B, Niesler CA, Cope DL, Molina L, Surinya KH and Soos MA: Specificity in ligand binding and intracellular signaling by insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptors. Biochem Soc Trans. 29:513–525. 2001. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

112 

Laviola L, Natalicchio A and Giorgiono F: The IGF-I signaling pathway. Curr Pharm Des. 13:663–669. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

113 

Barton ER, Park S, James JK, Makarewich CA, Philippou A, Eletto D, Lei H, Brisson B, Ostrovsky O, Li Z and Argon Y: Deletion of muscle GRP94 impairs both muscle and body growth by inhibiting local IGF production. FASEB J. 26:3691–3702. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

114 

Wu JW, Boudreau DM, Park Y, Simonds NI and Freedman AN: Commonly used diabetes and cardiovascular medications and cancer recurrence and cancer-specific mortality: A review of the literature. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 13:1071–1099. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

115 

Zhang ZJ and Li S: The prognostic value of metformin for cancer patients with concurrent diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Diabetes Obes Metab. 16:707–710. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

116 

Bredholt G, Mannelqvist M, Stefansson IM, Birkeland E, Bø TH, Øyan AM, Trovik J, Kalland KH, Jonassen I, Salvesen HB, et al: Tumor necrosis is an important hallmark of aggressive endometrial cancer and associates with hypoxia, angiogenesis and inflammation responses. Oncotarget. 6:39676–39691. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

117 

Armakolas A, Kararelou M, Dimakakos A, Papageorgiou E, Armakolas N, Antonopoulos A, Petraki C, Lekarakou M, Lelovas P, Stathaki M, et al: Oncogenic role of the Ec peptide of the IGF-1Ec isoform in prostate cancer. Mol Med. 21:167–179. 2015. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

118 

Papageorgiou E, Philippou A, Armakolas A, Christopoulos PF, Dimakakos A and Koutsilieris M: The human Ec peptide: The active core of a progression growth factor with species-specific mode of action. Hormones (Athens). 15:423–434. 2016. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

119 

Karagiannis AK, Philippou A, Tseleni-Balafouta S, Zevolis E, Nakouti T, Tsopanomichalou-Gklotsou M, Psarras V and Koutsilieris M: IGF-IEc expression is associeted with advanced differentied thyroid cancer. Anticancer Res. 39:2811–2819. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

120 

Irwin JC, de las Fuentes L, Dsupin BA and Giudice LC: Insulin-like growth factor regulation of human endometrial stromal cell function: Coordinate effects on insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1, cell proliferation and prolactin secretion. Regul Pept. 48:165–177. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

121 

Tang XM, Rossi MJ, Mastrerson BJ and Chegini N: Insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), IGF-I receptors, and IGF binding proteins 1–4 in human uterine tissue: Tissue localization and IGF-I action in endometrial stromal and myometrial smooth muscle cells in vitro. Biol Reprod. 50:1113–1125. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

122 

Giudice LC, Dsupin BA, Jin IH, Vu TH and Hoffman AF: Differential expression of messenger ribonucleic acids encoding insulin-like growth factors and their receptors in human uterine endometrium and decidua. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 76:1115–1122. 1993. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

123 

Zhou J, Dsupin BA, Giudice LC and Bondy CA: Insulin-like growth factor system gene expression in human endometrium during menstrual cycle. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 79:1723–1734. 1994. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

124 

Laatikainen TJ, Toma EI and Voutilainen RJ: The expression of insulin-like growth factor and its binding protein RNA in the endometrium of postmenopausal patients with breast cancer receiving tamoxifen. Cancer. 76:1406–1410. 1995. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

125 

Elkas J, Gray K, Howard L, Petit N, Pohl J and Armstrong A: The effects of tamoxifen on endometrial insulin-like growth factor-1 expression. Obstet Gynecol. 91:45–50. 1998. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

126 

Mairano E, Loverro G, Viale G, Giannini T, Napoli A and Perlino E: Insulin-like growth factor-I expression in normal and diseased endometrium. Int J Cancer. 80:188–193. 1999. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

127 

O'Toole SA, Dunn E, Sheppard BL, Sheils O, O'Leary JJ, Wuttke W and Seidlova-Wuttke D: Oestrogen regulated gene expression in normal and malignant endometrial tissue. Maturitas. 51:187–198. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

128 

Bruchim I, Sarfstein R and Werner H: The IGF hormonal network in endometrial cancer: Functions, regulation, and targeting approaches. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 5:762014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

129 

Soufla G, Sifakis S and Spandidos DA: FGF2 transcript levels are positively correlated with EGF and IGF-1 in the malignant endometrium. Cancer Lett. 259:146–155. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

130 

Pengchong H and Tao H: Expression of IGF-1R, VEGF-C and D2-40 and their correlation with lymph node metastasis in endometrial adenocarcinoma. Eur J Gynecol Oncol. 32:660–664. 2011.

131 

Yi HK, Kim SY, Hwang PH, Kim CY, Yang DH, Oh Y and Lee DY: Impact of PTEN on the expression of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and IGF-binding proteins in human gastric adenocarcinoma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 330:760–767. 2005. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

132 

McCamplell AS, Broaddus RR, Loose DS and Davies PJ: Overexpression of the insulin-like growth factor I receptor and activation of the AKT pathway in hyperplastic endometrium. Clin Cancer Res. 12:6373–6378. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

133 

Dong L, Du M and Lv Q: Picropodophyllin inhibits type I endometrial cancer cell proliferation via disruption of the PI3K/Akt pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 51:753–760. 2019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

134 

Leung PS, Aronson WJ, Ngo TH, Golding LA and Barnard RJ: Exercise alters the IGF axis in vivo and increases p53 protein in prostate tumor cells in vitro. J Appl Physiol (1985). 96:450–454. 2004. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

135 

Tucci P: Caloric restriciton: Is mammalian life exptension linked to p53? Aging (Albany NY). 4:525–534. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

136 

Luo X, Jiang X, Li J, Bai Y, Li Z, Wei P, Sun S, Liang Y, Han S, Li X and Zhang B: Insulin-like growth factor-1 attenuates oxidative stress-induced hepatocyte premature senescence in liver fibrogenesis via regulating nuclear p53-progerin interaction. Cell Death Dis. 10:4512019. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

137 

Tran D, Bergholz J, Zhang H, He H, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Li Q, Kirkland JL and Xiao ZX: Insulin-like growth factor-1 regulates the SIRT1-p53 pathway in cellular senescence. Aging Cell. 13:669–678. 2014. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

138 

Attias-Geva Z, Bentov I, Kidrom D, Amichay K, Sarfstein R, Fishman A, Bruchim I and Werner H: p53 regulates insulin-like growth factor-I receptor gene expression in uterine serous carcinoma and predicts responsiveness to an insulin-like growth factor-I receptor-directed targeted therapy. Eur J Cancer. 48:1570–1580. 2012. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

139 

Altieri DC: Survivin, cancer networks and pathway-directed drug discovery. Nat Rev Cancer. 8:61–70. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

140 

Takai N, Miyazaki T, Nishida M, Nasu K and Miyakawa I: Survivin expression correlates with clinical stage, histological grade, invasive behavior and survival rate in endometrial carcinoma. Cancer Lett. 184:105–116. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

141 

Tran J, Master Z, Yu JL, Rak J, Dumont DJ and Kerbel RS: A role for survivin in chemoresistance of endothelial cells mediated by VEGF. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 99:4349–4354. 2002. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

142 

Altieri DC: Survivin, versatile modulation of cell division and apoptosis in cancer. Oncogene. 22:8581–8589. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

143 

Altieri DC: Survivin and apoptosis control. Adv Cancer Res. 88:31–35. 2003. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

144 

Mita AC, Mita MM, Nawrocki ST and Giles FJ: Survivin: Key regular of mitosis and apoptosis and novel target for cancer therapeutics. Clin Cancer Res. 14:5000–5005. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

145 

Liu X, Chen H, Hou Y, Ma X, Ye M, Huang R, Hu B, Cao H, Xu L, Liu M, et al: Adaptive EGF expression sensitizes pancreatic cancer cells to ionizing radiation through activation of the cyclin D1/P53/PARP pathway. Int J Oncol. 54:1466–1480. 2019.PubMed/NCBI

146 

Vaira V, Lee CW, Goel HL, Bosari S, Languino LR and Altieri DC: Regulation of surivivn expression by IGF-I/mTOR signaling. Oncogene. 26:2678–2684. 2007. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

147 

Song K, Shankar E, Yang J, Bane KL, Wahdan-Alaswad R and Danielpour D: Critical role of a survivin/TGF-β/mTORC1 axis in IGF-I-mediated growth of prostate epithelial cells. PLoS One. 8:e618962013. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

148 

Sato A, Oya M, Ito K, Mizuno R, Horiguchi Y, Umezawa K, Hayakawa M and Murai M: Survivin associates with cell proliferation in renal cancer cells: Regulation of survivin expression by insulin-like growth factor-1, interferon-gamma and a novel NK-kappaB inhibitor. Int J Oncol. 28:841–846. 2006.PubMed/NCBI

149 

Oh SH, Jin Q, Kim ES, Khuri FR and Lee HY: Insulin-like growth factor-I receptor signaling pathway induces resistance to the apoptotic activitis of SCH66336 (lonafarnib) through Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin-mediated increases in survivin expression. Clin Cancer Res. 14:1581–1589. 2008. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

150 

Morgillo F, Woo JK, Kim ES, Hong WK and Lee HY: Heterodimerization of insulin-like growth factor receptor/epidermal growth factor receptor and induction of survivin expression counteract the antitumor action of erlotinid. Cancer Res. 66:10100–10111. 2006. View Article : Google Scholar : PubMed/NCBI

Related Articles

  • Abstract
  • View
  • Download
  • Twitter
Copy and paste a formatted citation
Spandidos Publications style
Stavropoulos A, Varras M, Philippou A, Vasilakaki T, Varra V, Varra F, Tsavari A, Lazaris AC and Koutsilieris M: Immunohistochemical expression of insulin‑like growth factor‑1Ec in primary endometrial carcinoma: Association with PTEN, p53 and survivin expression. Oncol Lett 20: 395, 2020.
APA
Stavropoulos, A., Varras, M., Philippou, A., Vasilakaki, T., Varra, V., Varra, F. ... Koutsilieris, M. (2020). Immunohistochemical expression of insulin‑like growth factor‑1Ec in primary endometrial carcinoma: Association with PTEN, p53 and survivin expression. Oncology Letters, 20, 395. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12258
MLA
Stavropoulos, A., Varras, M., Philippou, A., Vasilakaki, T., Varra, V., Varra, F., Tsavari, A., Lazaris, A. C., Koutsilieris, M."Immunohistochemical expression of insulin‑like growth factor‑1Ec in primary endometrial carcinoma: Association with PTEN, p53 and survivin expression". Oncology Letters 20.6 (2020): 395.
Chicago
Stavropoulos, A., Varras, M., Philippou, A., Vasilakaki, T., Varra, V., Varra, F., Tsavari, A., Lazaris, A. C., Koutsilieris, M."Immunohistochemical expression of insulin‑like growth factor‑1Ec in primary endometrial carcinoma: Association with PTEN, p53 and survivin expression". Oncology Letters 20, no. 6 (2020): 395. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12258
Copy and paste a formatted citation
x
Spandidos Publications style
Stavropoulos A, Varras M, Philippou A, Vasilakaki T, Varra V, Varra F, Tsavari A, Lazaris AC and Koutsilieris M: Immunohistochemical expression of insulin‑like growth factor‑1Ec in primary endometrial carcinoma: Association with PTEN, p53 and survivin expression. Oncol Lett 20: 395, 2020.
APA
Stavropoulos, A., Varras, M., Philippou, A., Vasilakaki, T., Varra, V., Varra, F. ... Koutsilieris, M. (2020). Immunohistochemical expression of insulin‑like growth factor‑1Ec in primary endometrial carcinoma: Association with PTEN, p53 and survivin expression. Oncology Letters, 20, 395. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12258
MLA
Stavropoulos, A., Varras, M., Philippou, A., Vasilakaki, T., Varra, V., Varra, F., Tsavari, A., Lazaris, A. C., Koutsilieris, M."Immunohistochemical expression of insulin‑like growth factor‑1Ec in primary endometrial carcinoma: Association with PTEN, p53 and survivin expression". Oncology Letters 20.6 (2020): 395.
Chicago
Stavropoulos, A., Varras, M., Philippou, A., Vasilakaki, T., Varra, V., Varra, F., Tsavari, A., Lazaris, A. C., Koutsilieris, M."Immunohistochemical expression of insulin‑like growth factor‑1Ec in primary endometrial carcinoma: Association with PTEN, p53 and survivin expression". Oncology Letters 20, no. 6 (2020): 395. https://doi.org/10.3892/ol.2020.12258
Follow us
  • Twitter
  • LinkedIn
  • Facebook
About
  • Spandidos Publications
  • Careers
  • Cookie Policy
  • Privacy Policy
How can we help?
  • Help
  • Live Chat
  • Contact
  • Email to our Support Team